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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 5 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Paired halves of top round (Semimembranosus and Adductor muscles) sub-primals were removed from each of ten, USDA Choice, approximately 272 kg steers, freezer wrapped, frozen, and stored at -24° C for approximately 1 month. Following freeze-tempering, each primal was divided longitudinally with one half being pressed at 344 Newtons/cm2 to a specified shape in a Bettcher Model 70 Press, while the other half served as nonpressed control. Moisture loss and sensory properties were determined for 2.54 cm thick steaks. No significant differences were found in juiciness, flavor or Kramer shear values between pressed and non-pressed top round steaks, however, sensory tenderness scores were lower (P 〈 0.05) for steaks that were pressed than for those that were not pressed. Holding steaks at 2° C for 0, 1, 2, or 3 days did not significantly alter Kramer shear or sensory panel evaluations. Cooking loss, drip loss and total loss were not affected by pressing. Drip loss was lower (P 〈 0.05) and cooking loss was higher (P 〈 0.05) for steaks held one day at 2° C than for steaks held 2 or 3 days at 2° C. When drip loss and cooking loss were combined (total loss) there was no difference among the four storage times. Drip loss following portion cutting could result in a problem in fresh merchandising of freeze-tempered cuts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 40 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 52 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Influence of polyphosphate on sensory and chemical characteristics of battered and breaded, cooked, restructured beef and pork nuggets was evaluated over 20 wk storage. Beef and pork nuggets manufactured with polyphosphate had lower (P〈0.05) initial thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values than those manufactured without polyphosphate (controls); and values remained lower (P〈0.05) than control treatments over 20 wk of storage. Sensory panelists detected less (P〈0.05) off-flavor in pork nuggets manufactured with polyphosphate than nuggets in control treatments. Detection of off-flavor in pork nugget control treatments may be attributed to higher TBA values (increased lipid oxidation) in the pork product. Addition of polyphosphate protected nuggets from lipid oxidation and subsequent off-flavor development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Restructured pork chops containing approximately 15% fat were manufactured from fresh hams and boston butts taken from sows. The effects of salt level (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) and freezer storage time (0 and 30 days) on quality attributes of restructured pork chops were studied with three replications. Triangle test differences were significant for all comparisons except 1.0% and 1.5% salt groups stored for 30 days. 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values increased linearly with increasing salt levels for both 0 and 30 days storage. Salt addition also linearly increased Instron slicing strength values, and improved flavor, juiciness, and textural properties. The addition of salt decreased raw color evaluations, Instron shearing values and cooking losses. Following 30 days freezer storage, treatments containing salt had higher TBA values and lower color scores than the control treatment containing 0% salt. Salt addition at levels between 0.5 and 1.0% is recommended for restructured pork chops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Utility chucks and Choice plates were coarse ground and mixed to provide raw material with a fat content of about 20%. Four 23 kg meat blocks were assigned, at random, to treatments: (1) control, (2) salt, (3) tripolyphosphate (TPP), and (4) salt and TPP. Each treatment was flaked, blended, and hand formed into logs which were PVC wrapped, freeze-tempered, pressed, and sliced to a 12 mm thickness. Patties were freezer wrapped and stored for evaluation initially (time) and after 30 and 60 days storage. The entire experiment was replicated three times. Sensory evaluation showed that cohesiveness, flavor, and juiciness of patties containing salt (treatments 2 and 4) were more desirable (p〈0.01) than the control or TPP treatments. Differences over the storage period were not significant. Instron values were lower for the control patties than other treatment groups. Patties stored 60 days had higher (P〈0.05) TBA values than those evaluated initially or after 30 days of freezer storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of added antioxidants on restructured combination (50:50) beef-pork steaks were studied. Steaks were formulated to contain 20% fat and 0.75% salt. Antioxidants used at a 0.02% level (based on fat content of meat) were butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), and a combination of BHA and TBHQ. Cooked steaks were evaluated for sensory properties and overall acceptability, initially and after 4, 8, 12, 16, an 20 wk of freezer storage. Steaks were also evaluated after the various storage times for 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values, subjective color by panel evaluation, objective color with the Hunter color difference meter, tensile strength, shear value and cooking loss. Flavor and overall acceptability were significantly better in treated samples as compared to control samples. BHA was more effective in protecting color and TBHQ was more effective in protecting flavor (P〈0.05). All treated samples showed lower TBA values than control samples (P〈0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 49 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Restructured steaks were manufactured from paired hot-boned (HB) and conventionally chilled beef (CB) rounds from carcasses that averaged USDA Good, yield grade 2. Salt (0.75%) was added to half of each HB and CB treatment during mixing. Panelists in triangle tests could not distinguish between HB and CB restructured products. Trained sensory panel scores confirmed triangle test results for flavor, texture and acceptability when restructured HB and CB steaks were compared. Panelists in triangle tests detected a difference (P 〈 0.01) between salted and unsalted restructured steaks. Trained panelists rated salted samples higher (P 〈 0.05) for flavor, texture, acceptability and cooking loss, but lower for discoloration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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