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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation Between 2′,3′-Cyclic Nucleotide 3′-Phosphohydrolase Activity and Demyelination In Vitro Using a Syngeneic System (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 44 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Cultures of myelinated SJL/J fetal mouse spinal cord were incubated with serum and lymphoid cells from syngeneic animals with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by syngeneic spinal cord homogenate (SSCH) in complete Freund's adjuvant or others injected with complete Freund's adjuvant alone. After 24 or 48 h of exposure, demyelination was determined by light microscopic examination and quantification of 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase activity. Cultures exposed to spleen or lymph node cells from SSCH-sensitized animals showed the greatest alterations in myelin and decreases in 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase activity whereas serum from these animals had less effect. Cells and serum from complete Freund's adjuvant-injected control animals also induced structural changes in myelin that were significantly less than changes induced by cells and serum from animals with EAE. These experiments show that lymphoid cells and serum obtained from SJL/J mice with acute EAE affected myelin biochemistry and morphology in syngeneic CNS cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05462.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical Analysis of Organotypic Cultures of Mouse Spinal Cord in Normal, Demyelinative, and Nondemyelinative Conditions (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 41 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Several biochemical parameters were analyzed in cultured embryonic mouse spinal cord during various stages of normal myelinogenesis or demyelination. In cultures demyelinated by exposure to anti-whole CNS tissue serum plus complement, the activity of 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.4.37) was decreased 70%, whereas in cultures that did not show morphological changes with complement-inactivated anti-CNS serum or anti-myelin basic protein serum, the activity was 30% lower than in control cultures. The lipid composition of these cultures was quantitated by means of high-performance thin-layer chromatography densitometry technique. Cultures with normal nutrient medium alone or with the addition of 5% normal rabbit serum plus 10% guinea pig serum had 30% of the total lipid content of that present in newborn mouse spinal cord of the corresponding age. There were, however, relatively more lysophospholipids, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, and free fatty acids and less phosphatidylethanolamine and galactolipids in cultures as compared with normal spinal cord. Explants demyelinated by exposure to anti-CNS serum plus complement demonstrated principally a 70% decrease in the content of galactolipids with respect to normal cultures. When complement was inactivated, total lipids increased 42% (with increases of 40–70% in individual lipids). Inclusion of anti-myelin basic protein serum plus complement in the medium produced no significant changes in the lipid composition of the cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb00884.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Sensitive Fluorometric Assay for 2′,3′-Cyclic Nucleotide 3′-Phosphohydrolase (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 35 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb06294.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES OF DEMYELINATION (1965)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 122 (1965), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb20212.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capacity of foetal spinal cord obtained from dystrophic mice ( dy 2 J ) to promote muscle regeneration (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 256 (1975), S. 219-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] On the basis of this evidence, Gallup and Dubowitz1 concluded that the lesion causing murine dystrophy in muscle is primarily neurogenic. Their results partly contradict our own observations4 that normal and dystrophic muscle can regenerate equally well in the presence of foetal spinal cord ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/256219a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE): Delayed myelination-inhibitionin vitro with EAE-serum: Changes in vulnerability of oligodendroglia and newly formed myelin sheaths (1973)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 25 (1973), S. 138-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: EAE Serum ; Myelin Inhibition ; Tissue Culture ; Oligodendroglia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Myelinating mouse spinal cord fragments were cultured in Maximow assemblies. A variable interval after explanation they were exposed to low concentrations of serum from rabbits with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). As a general rule, the longer they were kept under EAE serum, the more completely myelination was inhibited. If the experiments were made with low concentrations of EAE serum (about 1%), the number of myelinated cultures was proportional to the number of days by which the application of EAE-serum was delayed. If one worked with EAE-serum at higher concentrations (5%), the cultures on which the serum was applied with a delay from 1 to 5 days were practically completely inhibited in their myelination. If exposed from the 7th day onward only, nearly all of these cultures were able to myelinate and therefore showed myelin, when viewed on day 12 in vitro. If, however, they were left under the same concentrations of EAE-serum for another week, the myelin sheaths disappeared again without leaving any signs of myelin destruction. These cultures showed loose spirals of glial cytoplasma membranes around axons. Cultures in which the application of EAE-serum was delayed for 4–6 days showed differentiated oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, which was not the case in cultures inhibited from the explantation onward.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687558
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    About demyelinating properties of humoral antibodies in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (1976)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 36 (1976), S. 307-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Demyelination ; Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ; Humoral antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to elucidate the role of humoral antibodies in the pathogenesis of myelin lesions in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) a combined in vivo and in vitro study was done using rabbits immunized with the purified A1 basic protein. Rabbits injected with whole white matter were used for comparison. Demyelinating activity appeared in the rabbit sera 5 days after injection, as tested in myelinated organotypic tissue cultures. In spite of this no lesions of the myelin preceded the appearance of inflammatory cells in the living animals. In the spinal cord changes in vascular permeability, as revealed by leakage of Evans blue-albumin complex, appeared at the same times as the cells. In contrast to in vitro, the mere presence of circulating antibodies in vivo does not appear to be enough to cause structural changes of the myelin. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed; it is emphasized that the inflammatory changes develope first in areas where the so-called blood-brain barrier to diffusion of proteins is lacking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00699636
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of iron-containing substances on nervous tissuein vitro (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 281-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of different iron-containing substances (ferric and ferrous chloride, hemolyzed blood, iron-dextran) on explants of embryonic mouse spinal cord-ganglion were studied. The main observations were as follows: 1. Macrophages and neuroglial cells easily ingest iron, but neurons only when exposed to a high concentration of iron-dextran. 2. Continous exposure to iron-dextran at a high concentration produced a rapid nonspecific degeneration of neurons. 3. Iron, once taken up by the cells, appeared to persist intracellularly for long periods of time. 4. Autofluorescent lipopigments developed with time in iron exposed explants, probably the result of altered intracellular oxidation. 5. In cultures exposed to iron-dextran for a limited period of time, and then maintained with the oridinary nutrient medium, a remarkable “drop out” of neurons was seen, possibly a late effect of the exposure to iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685283
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on uptake of Herpes simplex virus in organized cultures of mammalian nervous tissue (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Herpes simplex Virus ; Axon ; Nervous Tissue Culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The uptake of Herpes simplex virus Type I in outgrowing axons of rat spinal cordin vitro was studied by examining the cultures ultrastructurally after inoculation with high titer material. It was found that the virus was taken up both at enlarged axonal regions and along the course of the axons. After attachment of the virus particles to the axons, invaginations of the plasma membrane were formed which were coated on the cytoplasmic side by a filamentous material. This mode of uptake into coated vesicles is similar to the mechanism by which other macromolecular substances, such as protein tracers, may by incorporated into axons bothin vitro andin vivo. Whether the viruses taken up in this way are infectious to the neuron could be determined from this morphological study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687516
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A marker for oligodendrocytes and its relation to myelinogenesis: An immunocytochemical study with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis serum and C.N.S. cultures (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 10 (1981), S. 645-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate a possible marker for oligodendrocytes and its relation to myelinogenesis, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) serum has been used to study C.N.S. cultures from the time of explantation to maturity at 26 daysin vitro (DIV). Cultures of foetal mouse spinal cord were exposed for 1 h to heated (complement-inactivated), rabbit anti-bovine white matter (WM-EAE) or control serum, fixed and processed by an immunoperoxidase technique for demonstrating bound immunoglobulin (Ig) by light and electron microscopy. From 5 to 26 DIV, cells morphologically identical to oligodendrocytes displayed binding of Ig to the plasmalemma of the cell body and its processes. At 5 DIV, immunoreactive oligodendrocytes had a large nucleus and nucleolus, prominent Golgi apparatus, and microtubules but no filaments. Occasionally a centriole was present, suggesting an early stage of differentiation. In myelinated cultures (from 11–12 DIV onwards), reaction product was present on the oligodendroglial outer plasmalemma apposed to myelin and along the outer loop. Sometimes it extended into the external mesaxon, outer layer of myelin, inner mesaxon and periaxonal space. No other structures were reactive, and oligodendroglia did not bind control Ig. These findings indicate that WM-EAE serum can be used as a marker for oligodendrocytes in cultures from 5 DIV onwards. The findings that oligodendrocytes acquire the antigen(s) prior to myelination and that the antigen(s) is localized on the plasmalemma of the inner and outer loops of actively myelinating oligodendroglial processes suggest that the antigen(s) may have a role in oligodendrocyte maturation and myelinogenesis. The antigen(s) involved is not yet established, but it is probably not myelin basic protein. This marker should prove useful in studies of C.N.S. development and the demyelinating diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01262594
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