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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR imaging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 126-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma, MR imaging ; Liver, neoplasms ; Bile ducts, carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the magnetic resonance (MR) features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: MR imaging studies of seven cases of pathologically proven intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Results: On MR images the tumors presented as a single mass (N = 5) or multiple nodules (N = 2), as welldelineated (N = 5) or ill-defined (N = 2), and as non-encapsulated (N = 7). Mean tumor diameter ranged from 6–14 cm (mean, 10 cm). On T1-weighted (TR/TE = 400–600/10–17 msec) images, the tumors were hypointense compared to the liver. The five tumors studied with dynamic MR imaging showed progressive centripetal filling-in after intravenous administration of a gadolinium chelate. On T2-weighted (TR/TE = 2000–2500/80–100 msec) images, all tumors were hyperintense compared to the liver; five were markedly hyperintense and two moderately hyperintense. Vascular encasement, bile duct dilatation within the tumor, and central scar were depicted on MR images in four, three, and two tumors respectively. Conclusion: The typical MR appearance of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a large well-delineated nonencapsulated tumor associated with intrahepatic venous encasement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201519
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocellular carcinoma: Findings on spiral CT during arterial portography (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 541-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Computed tomography (CT), helical technology ; Liver neoplasms, diagnosis ; Portography ; Liver neoplasms, CT ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Portal hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background To determine characteristic imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on spiral CT during arterial portography (SCTAP) and to correlate the presence or absence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts with the degree of hepatic parenchymal enhancement during SCTAP in patients with HCC. Methods SCTAP scans of 20 patients with HCC were retrospectively analyzed for tumor features, degree of hepatic parenchymal enhancement, and presence or absence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts. Results Nineteen tumors (95%) were hypoattenuating masses and one (5%) was isoattenuating compared with the liver on SCTAP. In seven patients (35%), the tumor was homogeneous in attenuation. Tumor margins were smooth and regular in 12 patients (60%). Vascular invasion and encapsulation were depicted in 10 patients (50%). A high degree of hepatic parenchymal enhancement was observed in 14 patients; one of them (7%) had spontaneous portosystemic shunts. Poor or moderate enhancement was observed in six patients; five of them (83%) had spontaneous portosystemic shunts (p 〈.001). Conclusion The presence of a low attenuated homogeneous intrahepatic mass with associated vascular invasion on SCTAP scans should raise the possibility of HCC. The presence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts is associated with poor or moderate parenchymal enhancement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256708
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolated common iliac artery aneurysm rupturing into small bowel: CT appearance (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 521-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Arterioenteric fistula ; Iliac artery aneurysm, CT diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the findings of an isolated common iliac artery aneurysm that formed a fistulous tract with the terminal ileum diagnosed with dynamic computed tomography (CT). The role of CT in the diagnosis of arterioenteric fistula is addressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256703
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic metastases from leiomyosarcoma: MR features with histopathologic correlation (1997)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 67 -71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Leiomyosarcoma—Magnetic resonance imaging—Liver, neoplasms—Liver tumors, secondary. [xm [fs99]
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of hepatic metastases from leiomyosarcoma and determine the pathologic basis for the MR appearance of these neoplasms. Methods: MR examinations of eight patients with a total of 16 hepatic metastases from leiomyosarcoma were retrospectively reviewed. Hepatic metastases originated from a primary gastrointestinal (n = 6), uterine (n = 1), or retroperitoneal (n = 1) leiomyosarcoma. Correlation between MR features and pathologic findings was performed in 11 metastases from which histologic material was obtained. Results: Among the 10 metastases seen on T1-weighted MR images, nine were homogeneous and one was heterogeneous. The latter contained areas of necrosis and hemorrhage on pathologic examination. Among the 16 metastases seen on T2-weighted MR images, 12 were well delineated and completely homogeneous, with a marked hyperintense signal (``hemangiomalike'' pattern). These neoplasms were composed of smooth fibrous tissue without macroscopically visible areas of necrosis on pathologic examination. The remaining four metastases were heterogeneous and contained varying degrees of necrosis and hemorrhage or gelatinous tissue. Conclusion: A hemangiomalike pattern is the most common feature on T2-weighted MR images. We found that homogeneous hyperintensity of hepatic metastases from leiomyosarcoma on T2-weighted MR image does not reflect cystic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900142
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid–fluid levels within focal hepatic lesions: imaging appearance and etiology (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 161-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Computed tomography, neoplasms—Liver, neoplasms—Neoplasm, liver—MR, liver.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Purpose: To report our experience with fluid–fluid levels within focal hepatic lesions and determine if this finding indicates a specific diagnosis. Materials and methods: We reviewed our experience with eight patients with focal hepatic lesions that showed fluid–fluid level on cross-sectional imaging. Seven CT scans, four MR examinations, and four sonograms were reviewed. The hepatic lesions included metastases (four patients), biliary cystadenoma (two patients), cavernous hemangioma (one patient), and hematoma (one patient). A histologic diagnosis was made in all cases. Results: Fluid–fluid levels were found in both malignant and benign focal hepatic lesions. Fluid–fluid levels were seen on six CT scans, four MR examinations and on none of the four sonograms. Radiologic–pathologic correlation showed that fluid–fluid levels corresponded to internal hemorrhage in all but one case. In the case of cavernous hemangioma, a fluid–fluid level was found to correspond to a sedimentation effect within a large vascular space. Conclusion: Fluid–fluid levels in focal hepatic lesions do not indicate a specific diagnosis but can be seen in both malignant and benign conditions affecting the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bile duct involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma: MR demonstration (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 118-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, MR study ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Bile ducts obstruction ; Bile ducts, MR studies ; Liver, neoplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with associated bile duct involvement. Methods: MR examinations of six patients (mean age, 62 years) demonstrating bile duct involvement due to HCC were retrospectively reviewed and compared to surgical and pathologic findings. Results: Three of the tumors were solitary, and three were multifocal. In two patients, MR showed direct biliary duct invasion by tumor. On T1-weighted MR images, four tumors were hypointense compared to the liver and two were isointense. On T2-weighted MR images, four tumors were hyperintense, and two were isointense. The two tumors studied with dynamic T1-weighted MR images obtained after intravenous administration of a gadolinium chelate, displayed enhancement similar to that of the liver. There was no evidence of a tumor capsule on either unenhanced or enhanced MR images. Intrahepatic bile duct dilatation was seen in five patients. The extrahepatic bile duct was normal in all cases. Conclusion: Although rare, HCC should be included when considering the etiology of intrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Imaging features suggestive of the diagnosis by MR include intrabiliary tumor or bile duct obstruction with an associated hepatic mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201517
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiral CT of musculoskeletal pathology: preliminary observations (1993)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 22 (1993), S. 253-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Spiral CT ; Dynamic CT scanning ; Musculoskeletal infection ; CT technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spiral or helical computed tomography (CT) allows the rapid acquisition of volumes of CT data in a 24- to 32-s time frame. Rapid data acquisition is accompanied by the ability to reconstruct the images at any pre-determined interval (1–10 mm). This technique is optimal for studies requiring iodinated vascular contrast because it allows data acquisition during the peak contrast levels, optimizing lesion detection. The technique is also excellent for studies that need two and /or three-dimensional reconstruction as it decreases the chance of interscan motion. Spiral CT has significant potential for a wide range of musculoskeletal imaging applications including in musculoskeletal infection, soft tissue tumors, trauma, and in the oncologic patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197669
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  • 8
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    Late gadolinium enhancement confined to the right ventricular insertion points in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an intermediate stage phenotype? (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-12
    Description: Aims To investigate whether hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) confined to the right ventricular insertion points (RVIP) differ phenotypically from patients without LGE or intramural LGE in the left ventricle (LV). Methods and results Sixty-two HCM patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance for quantification of LGE (% LV mass) and were classified as group (i) no-LGE ( n = 18), group (ii) LGE-RVIP ( n = 19), and group (iii) intramural LGE ( n = 25). All patients also underwent vasodilator N-13 ammonia PET to quantify myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR), and echocardiography to measure longitudinal LV strain. LGE extent (17 ± 11% vs. 4 ± 4% vs. 0%; P 〈 0.001) and LV thickness (21.7 ± 3.4 vs. 18.8 ± 3.9 vs. 16.3 ± 2.8 mm; P 〈 0.001) were significantly greater in group 3, intermediate in group 2, and lower in group 1. In contrast, stress MBF (1.62 ± 0.44 vs. 1.90 ± 0.37 vs. 2.22 ± 0.48 mL/min/g; P 〈 0.001); MFR (1.92 ± 0.47 vs. 2.15 ± 0.52 vs. 2.71 ± 0.52; P 〈 0.001), and longitudinal LV strain (–11.4 ± 3.8 vs. –12.6 ± 3.2 vs. –14.4 ± 4.1%; P = 0.04) were lower in group 3, intermediate in group 2, and higher in group 1. Conclusions From an imaging viewpoint, patients with LGE confined to only the RVIP appear to represent an intermediate-stage phenotype between patients with no LGE and intramural LGE in the LV.
    Print ISSN: 1525-2167
    Electronic ISSN: 1532-2114
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Association of Longitudinal Changes in Left Ventricular Structure and Function With Myocardial Fibrosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Study [Heart] (2014)
    American Heart Association (AHA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-14
    Description: The association of longitudinal changes in left ventricular (LV) structure and function with myocardial fibrosis is unclear. We relate temporal changes in body size–indexed LV mass (LVMi) and end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area, LV mass-to-volume ratio, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) from cine cardiac magnetic resonance for 10 years, with replacement scar assessed from late gadolinium enhancement, and lower postcontrast T1 times reflecting greater diffuse myocardial fibrosis measured at the end of the follow-up period. All participants (n=1813) who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance twice as part of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis 10 years apart were included. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors measured the association of 10-year changes in LV structure and function, with fibrosis measured at follow-up. The presence of LV scar at year 10 was cross-sectionally associated with higher LVMi (10 g/m 2 ), higher mass-to-volume ratio (0.1–0.2 g/mL), but lower LVEF (4%) and longitudinally with 3% decrease in LVEF and 0.7% greater end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area in men for 10 years. Lower postcontrast T1 times at year 10 were associated cross-sectionally with lower LVMi ( r =0.33), end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area ( r =0.25), and LVEF (in men only: r =0.14) and longitudinally with a decrease in LVMi ( r =0.20) and reduction in LVEF (in men only: r =0.15). Sustained hypertension for 10 years was associated with increased LVMi and higher diffuse and replacement fibrosis at follow-up. During a 10-year period, increased concentric hypertrophy in women and LV dilatation in men were associated with replacement fibrosis, whereas decreasing LVMi was associated with diffuse fibrosis. Hypertension-induced remodeling was related to enhanced replacement and diffuse fibrosis, as well as hypertrophy.
    Keywords: Cardio-renal physiology/pathophysiology, Imaging, CT and MRI
    Print ISSN: 0194-911X
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by American Heart Association (AHA)
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  • 10
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    Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography and Incidental Pulmonary Nodules [Editorials] (2014)
    American Heart Association (AHA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-20
    Keywords: Imaging
    Electronic ISSN: 1524-4539
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by American Heart Association (AHA)
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