Description: The European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA) is the infrastructure that provides access to the seismic‐waveform archives collected by European agencies. This distributed system is managed by Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology. EIDA provides seamless access to seismic data from 12 data archives across Europe by means of standard services, exposing data on behalf of hundreds of network operators and research organizations. More than 12,000 stations from permanent and temporary networks equipped with seismometers, accelerometers, pressure sensors, and other sensors are accessible through the EIDA federated services. A growing user base currently counting around 3000 unique users per year has been requesting data and using EIDA services. The EIDA system is designed to scale up to support additional new services, data types, and nodes. Data holdings, services, and user numbers have grown substantially since the establishment of EIDA in 2013. EIDA is currently active in developing suitable data management approaches for new emerging technologies (e.g., distributed acoustic sensing) and challenges related to big datasets. This article reviews the evolution of EIDA, the current data holdings, and service portfolio, and gives an outlook on the current developments and the future envisaged challenges.

Description: ORFEUS (Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology, orfeus-eu.org) coordinates and promotes seismology in the Euro-Mediterranean region through harmonized collection, archival and distribution of seismic waveform data & metadata, based on services and products managed at national level by more than 60 participating seismological Institutions. ORFEUS is one of the founding members of EPOS Seismology (www.epos-eu.org/tcs/seismology) and its services are largely integrated in the EPOS Data Access Portal (www.ics-c.epos-eu.org). ORFEUS comprises: (i) the European Integrated waveform Data Archive (EIDA; orfeus-eu.org/data/eida); (ii) the European Strong-Motion databases (orfeus-eu.org/data/strong); and iii) the recently established group representing the community of European mobile pools, including amphibian instrumentation (orfeus-eu.org/data/mobile). Currently, ORFEUS facilitates access to the waveforms acquired by more than 18,000 stations including dense temporary experiments (e.g., AlpArray, AdriaArray), with strong emphasis on open, high-quality data. Access to data and products is ensured through state-of-the-art technologies - with strong emphasis on web services - clear policies and licenses, and acknowledging the crucial role played by data providers. Significant efforts are underway to enhance the existing services to tackle the challenges posed by the Big Data Era and the needs of computational seismology, and to actively encourage interoperability and integration of multidisciplinary datasets in geoscience workflows. ORFEUS also implements community services that include software and travel grants, webinars, workshops, editorial initiatives and discussion forums. ORFEUS activities are assessed and improved through the interaction with a User Advisory Group, which comprises European Earth scientists with expertise on a broad range of disciplines.

Description: Strong groundmotion records and free open access to strong-motion data repositories are fundamental inputs to seismology, engineering seismology, soil dynamics, and earthquake engineering science and practice. This article presents the current status and outlook of the Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology (ORFEUS) coordinated strong-motion seismology services, namely the rapid raw strong-motion (RRSM) and the engineering strong-motion (ESM) databases and associated web interfaces andwebservices.We compare and discuss the role and use of these two systems using theMw 6.5 Norcia (Central Italy) earthquake that occurred on 30 October 2016 as an example of a well-recorded earthquake that triggered major interest in the seismological and earthquake engineering communities. The RRSM is a fully automated system for rapid dissemination of earthquake shaking information, whereas the ESM provides qualitychecked, manually processed waveforms and reviewed earthquake information. The RRSM uses only data from the European Integrated Waveform Data Archive, whereas the ESM also includes offline data from other sources, such as the ITalian ACcelerometric Archive (ITACA). Advanced software tools are also included in the ESM to allow users to process strong-motion data and to select ground-motion waveform sets for seismic structural analyses. The RRSM and ESM are complementary services designed for a variety of possible stakeholders, ranging fromscientists to the educated general public. The RRSM and ESM are developed, organized, and reviewed by selected members of the seismological community in Europe, including strong-motion data providers and expert users. Global access and usage of the data is encouraged. The ESM is presently the reference database for harmonized seismic hazard and risk studies in Europe. ORFEUS strong-motion data are open, “Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable,” and accompanied by licensing information. The users are encouraged to properly cite the data providers, using the digital object identifiers of the seismic networks.