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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continental Runoff A quality-controlled global runoff data set (Reply) (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 444.2006, 7120, E14-, (2 S.) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Replying to Peel and McMahon Peel and McMahon argue that limitations of the continental runoff data set we use in our study call our main conclusion into question — that is, that changes in twentieth-century continental-scale runoff are partly attributable to the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05481
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of a direct carbon dioxide effect in continental river runoff records (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 439 (2006), S. 835-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Continental runoff has increased through the twentieth century despite more intensive human water consumption. Possible reasons for the increase include: climate change and variability, deforestation, solar dimming, and direct atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) effects on plant ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04504
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative study of the dopant profiles in diffused planar optical waveguides by SIMS and guided wave probe (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 Lt ; 66.30 Jt ; 79.20 Nc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A technique has been developed for dopant concentration depth profiling using static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), and an ex-situ ion milling facility to produce “tapers” through the region of interest of an optical waveguide sample. Results have been obtained for titanium-diffused optical waveguides in lithium niobate and for potassium and caesium ion-exchanged glass waveguides. The SIMS profiles have been compared with refractive index profiles in multimode structures. The refractive index profiles have been obtained from the waveguide mode spectra by a piecewise linear Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method. The two profiles are in close agreement. Use of the SIMS technique for single mode Ti∶LiNbO3 waveguides has revealed significant changes in the forms of the profiles, compared with deeper structures, and we suggest a mechanism to account for these changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00617185
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The impact of new land surface physics on the GCM simulation of climate and climate sensitivity (1999)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 15 (1999), S. 183-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  Recent improvements to the Hadley Centre climate model include the introduction of a new land surface scheme called “MOSES” (Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme). MOSES is built on the previous scheme, but incorporates in addition an interactive plant photosynthesis and conductance module, and a new soil thermodynamics scheme which simulates the freezing and melting of soil water, and takes account of the dependence of soil thermal characteristics on the frozen and unfrozen components. The impact of these new features is demonstrated by comparing 1×CO2 and 2×CO2 climate simulations carried out using the old (UKMO) and new (MOSES) land surface schemes. MOSES is found to improve the simulation of current climate. Soil water freezing tends to warm the high-latitude land in the northern Hemisphere during autumn and winter, whilst the increased soil water availability in MOSES alleviates a spurious summer drying in the mid-latitudes. The interactive canopy conductance responds directly to CO2, supressing transpiration as the concentration increases and producing a significant enhancement of the warming due to the radiative effects of CO2 alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050276
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Interpreting subsurface volcanic structures using geologically constrained 3D gravity inversions. Examples of maar-diatremes, Newer Volcanics Province, south-eastern Australia (2014)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-10
    Description: We present results and a method to geophysically image the subsurface structures of maar volcanoes to better understand eruption mechanisms and risks associated with maar-forming eruptions. High resolution ground gravity and magnetic data was acquired across several maar volcanoes within the Newer Volcanics Province of south-eastern Australia, including the Ecklin maar, Red Rock Volcanic Complex and Mt Leura Volcanic Complex. The depth and geometry of subsurface volcanic structures were determined by interpretation of gridded geophysical data, and constrained 2.5D forward and 3D inverse modelling techniques. Bouguer gravity lows identified across the volcanic craters reflect lower density lake sediments and pyroclastic debris infilling the underlying maar-diatremes. These anomalies were reproduced during modelling by shallow coalesced diatremes. Short-wavelength positive gravity and magnetic anomalies identified within the centre of the craters suggest complex internal structures. Modelling identified feeder vents, consisting of higher proportions of volcanic debris, intrusive dykes and ponded magma. Because potential field models are non-unique, sensitivity analyses were undertaken to understand where uncertainty lies in the interpretations, and how the models may vary between the bounds of the constraints. Rather than producing a single ‘ideal’ model, multiple models consistent with available geologic information are created using different inversion techniques. The modelling technique we present focuses on maar volcanoes, but there are wider implications for imaging the subsurface of other volcanic systems such as kimberlite pipes, scoria cones, tuff rings and calderas.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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