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  • 1
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: A variety of melanoma-associated antigens have been identified that mediate adhesion, growth, proteolysis, and modulation of immune response. However, the mechanisms by which human normal melanocytes become malignant are not clearly understood. Among the most consistent observations is the up-regulation of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and of the adhesion molecules β3 integrin and Mel-CAM during melanoma progression. To evaluate the potential role of FGF-2, β3 integrin and Mel-CAM in melanoma development we overexpressed FGF-2, β3 integrin and Mel-CAM in normal human melanocytes using replication-deficient adenoviruses as a gene delivery vehicle. Fibroblast growth factor-2 overexpressing melanocytes in monolayer culture displayed cytological atypia. Furthermore, in human skin reconstructs where the physiological milieu is recreated in vitro, FGF-2-overexpressing melanocytes exhibited marked proliferation, upwards migration, cluster formation and type IV collagen expression within the epidermal compartment, simulating early radial growth phase melanoma. In contrast, overexpression of β3 integrin and/or Mel-CAM in melanocytes did not affect their biological behaviour in human skin reconstructs. The described results of the current and previous studies emphasise the key role of FGF-2 in melanoma development and progression, underscoring the promise of FGF-2 as a target for therapy.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Malignant melanoma ; Hematogenous spread ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Tyrosinase ; S-100 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The identification of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant melanoma by detection of melanoma associated protein transcripts using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique has been introduced as a noninvasive and sensitive technique for early detection of tumor progression and metastatic disease. An alternative approach is the analysis of S-100 protein in the serum of melanoma patients by a luminoimmunometric assay (LIA). In this study, the sensitivities of RT-PCR and LIA were compared. Seventy-seven blood samples of 59 melanoma patients were analyzed for tyrosinase, Melan-A/MART-1, MAGE-3, gpl00, and p97 expression by multimarker RT-PCR; 540 serum samples of 352 melanoma patients were analyzed for S-100 protein concentration by LIA. In stage III 23.8% and in stage IV 37.5% of the samples were positive for at least one marker in multimarker RT-PCR, versus 8.1% and 48.1% of elevated S-100 levels analyzed by LIA, respectively. In a direct comparison, 31 identical samples were analyzed by multimarker RT-PCR and by S-100 LIA. In stage III 18.2% and in stage IV 45% of the samples were positive by multimarker RT-PCR versus 45.5% and 80% by S-100 LIA, respectively. S-100 LIA was more sensitive in detection of metastatic disease in melanoma patients than multimarker RT-PCR and should be evaluated in further studies. RT-PCR might be more useful in the analysis of micrometastases in anatomic compartments other than peripheral blood.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 49 (1998), S. 719-721 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Basaliom ; Basalioma terebrans ; Rumpfhautbasaliom ; Riesenbasaliom ; Key words Basal cell carcinoma ; Ulcus terebrans ; Trunk ; Neglect ; Giant basal cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Small basal cell carcinomas of the trunk are usually regarded as relatively harmless. In contrast, large and ulcerating basal cell carcinomas may become a therapeutic challenge with a less favourable prognosis and high risk of recurrence. The development of mutilating giant basal cell carcinomas appears less due to the biological aggressive character of the tumors, but rather to the patients’ attitude of neglect. The case of a 62-year-old patient, featuring such attitude, demonstrates how a common basal cell carcinoma of the trunk can grow over a period of years to a troublesome ulcerating tumor.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im Gegensatz zu den häufigen, mehrheitlich als relativ harmlos eingestuften kleinen Basaliomen sind große und ulzerierend wachsende Basaliome oft mit prognostischen und therapeutischen Komplikationen verbunden. Die Entstehung von mutilierenden Riesenbasaliomen läßt sich dabei weniger auf die biologische Aggressivität der Tumoren, sondern vielmehr auf das vernachlässigende, nichtbeachtende Verhalten der Patienten zurückführen. So kann, wie am Beispiel einer 62jährigen Patientin dargestellt, ein gewöhnliches Rumpfhautbasaliom über einen Zeitraum von Jahren zu einem bedrohlichen Basalioma terebrans heranwachsen.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7233
    Keywords: melanoma ; skin ; reconstructs ; human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Melanoma develops from a series of architectural and phenotypically distinct stages and becomes progressively aggressive. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the biological, pathological, and immunological aspects of human melanoma. Genetic and cytogenetic studies have revealed broad chromosomal abnormalities and wide mutational spectra. Precise biological and molecular determinants responsible for melanoma progression are not yet known. This is in part due to lack of experimental models that mimic human melanomas. Experimental models in melanoma should not only identify cause and origin of malignancy, but also should represent the ordered progression steps that culminate in metastasis to distant organs. Currently, there are several mouse and other vertebrate melanoma models under investigation; several of them promise to shed light on mechanisms of melanomagenesis. However, many of them suffer from lack of context to human skin architecture and hence, are of basic interest. The lack of appropriate models impeded the efforts to understand origin, etiology, progression and ultimately therapeutic benefits to humans. Development of human skin–mouse chimeric models has appeal because it mimics human diseases. In addition, human artificial skin constructs in vitro promises to be a versatile and efficient model to study not only origin and mechanisms of melanoma, but also progression. This review will focus on the recent progress in establishing tumor models in melanoma in general and their relevance to human melanoma as molecular determinants of tumor progression.
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