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  • 1
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    The evolution of the Lansarine-Baouala salt canopy in the North African Cretaceous passive margin in Tunisia (2013)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-15
    Description: Detailed geological mapping, dating, and gravimetric and seismic data are used to interpret the Lansarine–Baouala salt structure (North Tunisia) as a salt canopy emplaced during the Cretaceous Period. The extensional tectonic regime related to the Cretaceous continental margin offered at least two factors that encouraged buried Triassic salt to extrude onto the sea floor and flow downslope: (i) extension induced normal faults that provided routes to the surface, and led to the formation of sub-marine slopes along which salt could flow; (ii) this structural setting led to differential sedimentation and consequently differential loading as a mechanism for salt movement. The present 40-km-long Lansarine–Baouala salt structure with its unique mass of allochthonous Triassic salt at surface was fed from at least four stems. The salt structure is recognized as one of the few examples worldwide of a subaerial salt canopy due to the coalescence of submarine sheets of Triassic salt extruded in Cretaceous times.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7568
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-5081
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 2
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    The Grosmarin experiment (2008)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: The GROSMARIN (which stands for GrandROSMARIN) cruise is proposed by UMR Géosciences Azur (with fellow french and italian research groups). Its goals are to better characterize active structures along this zone and to assess the resulting seismic hazard in a sort of continuation with respect to the MALISAR experiment, which has already surveyed some active structures through shallow observations. The GROSMARIN cruise is in fact the necessary counterpart to characterize them at depth.
    Description: Published
    Description: Palazzo Congressi della Stazione Marittima, Trieste, Italy
    Description: open
    Keywords: Ligurian Sea ; Tomography ; Active seismology ; Seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Conference paper
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  • 3
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    Verso una migliore conoscenza delle strutture del margine Ligure: il progetto GROSMARIN (2008)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: (English Abstract) The Ligurian margin, that is the junction area located between the Ligurian basin and the Southwestern Alps, is a passive margin, seismically active and subjected to gravitative movements. The active deformation in this sector is among the strongest ever experienced in Western Italy and Southern France. The current geodynamics of the basin is not completely understood yet, and somewhat under interest and debate of the scientific community. The latest results on the recent evolution of the Alps-Mediterranean system suggest that the area under study lay close to a domain under extension. The interest for the area is reinforced by its seismic activity that, although of low to moderate energy, acts in an area of high vulnerability. Some historical events involved in fact dramatic social and material damages. The growth of population (that now accounts for more than 2.500.000 inhabitants between Cannes and Genoa), the setting of numerous industries and the tourist business of the area are additional motivation for monitoring the area from the seismic point of view and especially to make specific studies on the seismogenic structures of this sector. Events with magnitude greater than 4.5 to 5.0 are in fact recorded every 5 years, but the area undergoes a rather weak microseismicity that often remains undetected and always poorly located by land seismic networks. The natural risks associated to this sector cannot neglect the presence of steep canyons that incise the offshore margin and favour gravitative slopes. The sediment masses accumulate on top of these canyons and may slip even after an earthquake of moderate magnitude. The GROSMARIN (which stands for GrandROSMARIN) cruise is proposed by UMR Géosciences Azur (with fellow french and italian research groups). It aims at (1) studying the microseismicity along a part of the northern margin of the Ligurian Basin, offshore France and Italy and (2) to realise a 3D tomography by wide-angle seismics. The goal is to better characterize active structures along this zone and to assess the resulting seismic hazard.
    Description: Published
    Description: 359-360
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Seismogenic structures ; Seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Recent tectonic reorganization of the Nubia-Eurasia convergent 2boundary heading for the closure of the western Mediterranean (2011)
    Société Géologique de France
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-26
    Description: : In the western Mediterranean area, after a long period (late Paleogene-Neogene) of Nubian northward subduction beneath Eurasia, subduction is almost ceased as well as convergence accommodation in the subduction zone. With the progression of Nubia-Eurasia convergence, a tectonic reorganization is therefore necessary to accommodate future contraction. Previously-published tectonic, seismological, geodetic, tomographic, and seismic reflection data (integrated by some new GPS velocity data) are reviewed to understand the reorganization of the convergent boundary in the western Mediterranean. Between northern Morocco, to the west, and northern Sicily, to the east, contractional deformation has shifted from the former subduction zone to the margins of the two backarc oceanic basins (Algerian-Liguro-Provençal and Tyrrhenian basins) and it is now active in the south-Tyrrhenian (northern Sicily), northern Liguro-Provençal, Algerian, and Alboran (partly) margins. Compression and basin inversion has propagated in a scissor-like manner from the Alboran (c. 8 Ma) to the Tyrrhenian (younger than c. 2 Ma) basins following a similar propagation of the subduction cessation and slab breakoff, i.e., older to the west and younger to the east. It follows that basin inversion is rather advanced in the Algerian margin, where a new southward subduction seems to be in its very infant stage, while it has still to properly start in the Tyrrhenian margin, where contraction has resumed at the rear of the fold-thrust belt and may soon invert the Marsili oceanic basin. GPS-derived strain rates higher in the Tyrrhenian margin than in the Algerian boundary suggest that this latter manner of contraction accommodation (contraction resumption at the rear of the orogenic wedge) is more efficient than subduction inception and basin inversion along newly-generated reverse faults (Algeria), but the differential strain rates may also be explained with the heterogeneous distribution of GPS stations. Part of the contractional deformation may have shifted toward the north in the Liguro-Provençal basin possibly because of its weak rheological properties compared with the area between Tunisia and Sardinia, where no oceanic crust occurs and seismic deformation is absent or limited compared with the adjacent strands of the Nubia-Eurasia boundary. The tectonic reorganization of the Nubia-Eurasia boundary in the study area is still strongly controlled by the inherited tectonic fabric and rheological attributes, which are both discontinuous and non-cylindrical along the boundary. These features prevent, at present, the development of long and continuous thrust faults. In an extreme and approximate synthesis, the evolution of the western Mediterranean is inferred as being similar to a Wilson Cycle in the following main steps: (1) northward Nubian subduction with Mediterranean backarc extension (since ~35 Ma); (2) progressive cessation, from west to east, of Nubian main subduction (since ~15 Ma); (3) progressive compression, from west to east, in the former backarc domain and consequent basin inversion (since ~8-10 Ma); (4) possible future subduction of former backarc basins.
    Description: Published
    Description: 279-303
    Description: 1.9. Rete GPS nazionale
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: western Mediterranean ; convergent boundary ; tectonic reorganization ; subduction, ; backarc basin ; basin inversion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.04. Plate boundaries, motion, and tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.06. Subduction related processes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Topography of the Calabria subduction zone (southern Italy): Clues for the origin of Mt. Etna (2011)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-03
    Description: Calabria represents an ideal site to analyze the topography of a subduction zone as it is located on top of a narrow active Wadati-Benioff zone and shows evidence of rapid uplift. We analyzed a pattern of surface deformation using elevation data with different filters and showed the existence of a long wavelength (〉100 km) relatively positive topographic signal at the slab edges. The elevation of MIS 5.5 stage marine terraces supports this pattern, although the record is incomplete and partly masked by the variable denudation rate. We performed structural analyses along the major active or recently reactivated normal faults showing that the extensional direction varies along the Calabrian Arc and laterally switches from arc-normal, within the active portion of the slab, to arc-oblique or even arc-parallel, along the northern and southern slab edges. This surface deformation pattern was compared with a recent high resolution P wave tomographic model showing that the high seismic velocity anomaly is continuous only within the active Wadati-Benioff zone, whereas the northern and southwestern sides are marked by low velocity anomalies, suggesting that large-scale topographic bulges, volcanism, and uplift could have been produced by mantle upwelling. We present numerical simulations to visualize the three-dimensional mantle circulation around a narrow retreating slab, ideally similar to the one presently subducting beneath Calabria. We emphasize that mantle upwelling and surface deformation are expected at the edges of the slab, where return flows may eventually drive decompression melting and the Mount Etna volcanism.
    Description: Published
    Description: TC1003
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: topography ; Calabrian Arc ; subduction ; tomography ; mantle flow ; uplift ; retreat ; anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Analyses of the stress field in southeastern France from earthquake focal mechanisms (2006)
    Blackwell Editor
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Due to the apparent deformation field heterogeneity, the stress regimes around the Provence block, from the fronts of the Massif Central and Alpine range up to the Ligurian Sea, were not well defined. To improve the understanding of the SE France stress field, we determine new earthquake focal mechanisms and we compute the present-day stress states by inversion of the 89 available focal mechanisms around the Provence domain, including the 17 new ones calculated in the current study. This study provides evidence of 6 different deformation domains around the Provence block with different tectonic regimes. On a regional scale, we identify three zones characterised by significantly different stress regimes: a western one affected by an extensional stress (normal faulting) regime, a southeastern one characterised by a compressional stress (reverse to strike-slip faulting) regime with NNW- to WNW-trending σ1 and a northeastern one, i.e., the Digne nappe front, marked by an NE-trending compression. Note that the Digne nappe back domain is controlled by an extensional regime that is deforming the western alpine core. This extensional regime could be a response to buoyancy forces related to the Alpine high topography. The stress regimes in the southeast of the Argentera Massif and around the Durance fault are consistent with a coherent NNW-trending σ1 that implies a left-lateral component of the active reverse oblique-slip of the Moyenne Durance Fault. In the Rhone Valley, an E-trending extension characterises the tectonic regime that implies a normal component of the present-day Nîmes fault displacement. This study provides evidence for short-scale variation of the stress states that reflect abrupt change in the boundary force influences on upper crustal fragments (blocks). These spatial stress changes around the Provence block result from the coeval influence of forces applied at both its extremities, i.e., in the north-east, the Alpine front push and in the southeast, the northward African plate drift. Besides these boundary forces, the influence of the mantle plume under the Massif Central can be superimposed along the western block boundary.
    Description: Published
    Description: 336-348
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Southeastern France ; focal mechanisms ; seismotectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Format: 1295312 bytes
    Format: 1755836 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Slab detachment beneath eastern Anatolia: A possible cause for the formation of the North Anatolian fault (2007)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper, we discuss the possibility that the North Anatolian fault (NAF) results from the deep deformation of the slab beneath the Bitlis–Hellenic subduction zone. We described the tectonic evolution of the Anatolia–Aegean area in three main steps, before, during and after the formation of the NAF. We remark that the tectonic conditions that are assumed to have triggered the formation of the NAF, i.e. collision to the east and extension to the west, was already achieved before the onset of that strike-slip fault system. We also highlight that the formation of the NAF was accompanied by the uplift of the Turkish–Iranian plateau and by a surge of volcanism in the eastern Anatolia collisional area and probably by the acceleration of the Aegean trench retreat. We show tomographic images from global P-wave model of Piromallo and Morelli [C. Piromallo, A. Morelli, P wave tomography of the mantle under the Alpine–Mediterranean area, J. Geophys. Res. 108 (2003) doi: 10.1029/2002JB001757.] showing that the slab beneath the Bitlis collisional belt is not continuous and that its possible rupture pursues to the west at least up to Cyprus and possibly up to the eastern end of the Hellenic trench. All these observations suggest that the plate tectonic re-organization occurred in the Late Miocene–Early Pliocene in the region results from slab break-off in the Bitlis area and from its lateral propagation to the West. This idea is tested in analogue laboratory experiments, which confirm that the break of the slab under the collisional belt may trigger, (1) the acceleration of slab retreat to the west due to the increase in slab pull force, (2) the indentation of the continent in the collisional area and (3) produce the conditions that permit the lateral escape of material towards the west and the formation of the NAF.
    Description: Published
    Description: 85-97
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Mediterranean ; subduction ; collision ; analogue experiments ; seismic tomography ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    The GROSMarin experiment: three dimensional crustal structure of the North Ligurian margin from refraction tomography and preliminary analysis of microseismic measurements (2011)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The deep structure of the North Ligurian margin and its contiguous Ligurian basin as well as the seismicity recorded in these zones are neither well understood nor precisely constrained. In order to better address these questions, there is a need for offshore instrumenting, which was realised for a duration of nearly 6 months during the GROSMarin (Grand Réseau d’Observation Sous-Marin) experiment. An array of 21 ocean bottom seismometers was deployed over the most active area of the margin and was complemented on land by mobile seismological stations that densified existing permanent networks. We also realised the acquisition of deep refraction seismic shots at sea in order to get a 3D distribution of velocities along the margin through travel time tomography. We present here a preliminary analysis of the seismicity recorded during this experiment and a tomographic model of the margin structures obtained using data from the offshore network only. Our results support the existence of a high velocity zone at the base of a domain interpreted as transitional between continental and oceanic ones, on the northern part of the deep basin. A very similar pattern is observed across the neighbouring margin of the Gulf of Lions and is most likely related to serpentinisation of the underlying mantle during late rifting and continental break-up. North of this transition zone, we observe the basinward crustal thinning of the continental crust beneath the margin that seemingly narrows eastward. To the south, our results hint at transition to the oceanic domain. In contrast, our velocity distribution does not reveal a transition along strike between transitional and oceanic domains, as previous works suggest. Some microseismic activity was recorded throughout the duration of the experiment, on land and at sea. The number of detected events and precision of location were both improved by our considering French and Italian permanent networks. The detection capabilities of our dense network still need to be fully exploited
    Description: Published
    Description: 305-321
    Description: 3.3. Geodinamica e struttura dell'interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: North Ligurian margin ; Ocean bottom seismometers ; Refraction tomography ; Velocity structure ; Crustal units ; Microseismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    New kinematic constraints of the western Doruneh fault, north-eastern Iran, from interseismic deformation analysis (2013)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We used the SBAS DInSAR analysis technique to estimate the interseismic deformation along the western part of the Doruneh fault system (DFS), northeastern Iran. We processed 90 ENVISAT images from four different frames from ascending and descending orbits. Three of the ground velocity maps show a significant interseismic signal. Using a simple dislocation approach we model 2-D velocity profiles concerning three InSAR data set relative to the western part of the DFS, obtaining a good fit to the observations. The resulting model indicates that a slip rate of ∼5mmyr−1 accumulates on the fault below 10 km depth, and that in its western sector the Doruneh fault is not purely strike-slip (left-lateral) as in its central part, but shows a significant thrust component. Based on published geological observations, and assuming that all interseismic deformation is recovered with a single event, we can estimate a characteristic recurrence interval between 630 and 1400 yr.
    Description: Published
    Description: 622-628
    Description: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Image processing; Satellite geodesy; Seismic cycle; Radar interferometry; Seismicity and tectonics; Continental tectonics: strike-slip and transform. ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Perturbation of fluvial sediment fluxes following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (2017)
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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