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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY :Springer,
    Keywords: Integrins. ; Ion channels. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This book explores the multifaceted regulatory interplay between integrin receptors and ion channels. The essays here explain how the extracellular matrix regulates processes as disparate as muscle excitability, synaptic plasticity and lymphocyte activation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (138 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781441960665
    Series Statement: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Series ; v.674
    DDC: 571.7/4
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- PREFACE -- ABOUT THE EDITORS... -- ABOUT THE EDITORS... -- PARTICIPANTS -- Table of Contents -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Chapter 1 Integrin Structure and Functional Relation with Ion Channels -- Introduction -- Fundamentals of Integrin Structure -- Extracellular Domains and ECM Ligand Binding -- Transmembrane and Intracellular Domains -- TM Domain Interaction -- Inside-Out Activation by Talin -- Binding to Other Membrane Proteins and Cytoskeleton -- Physiological and Pathological Implications: An Outline of Current Trends -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Ion Channels -- Introduction -- The Physiology of Ion Channels -- Biophysical Background -- Main Physiological Roles of Ion Channels -- Ion Channel Types Involved in Integrin-Mediated Signaling -- Voltage-Gated K+ Channels -- Inward Rectifying K+ Channels -- Ca2+ -Activated K+ Channels -- Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels -- Cl- Channels -- Neurotran smitter-Gated Channels -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Biochemical Methods to Study the Interactions Between Integrins and Ion Channels -- Introduction -- Yeast Two-Hybrid Screening -- Affinity-Based Screening: IP Assays -- Pull-Down Assay -- Photoaffinity Labeling Techniques for Studying Transient Protein-Protein Interaction -- Far Western Blot Analysis (Far WB) -- High-Throughput Protein-Protein Interaction Analysis, Followed by Validation of Candidate Interactors through Different Experimental Approaches -- Conclusion: Past and Future Application of Biochemical Approaches to Characterize the Interactions between Integrins and Ion Channels -- References -- Chapter 4 Optical Methods in the Study of Protein-Protein Interactions -- Introduction -- Förster Resonance Energy Transfer: The "Molecular Ruler" -- Intensity Versus Lifetime: Two Ways to Measure FRET. , Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy (TIRFM) and Imaging of Membrane Proteins -- Antibody-Based Versus Fusion Protein-Based FRET: Principles -- Antibody-Based Versus Fusion Protein-Based FRET: Advantages and Disadvantages -- Application of Optical Methods to the Study of Integrins and Ion Channels -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Integrins and Signal Transduction -- Overview of Integrin Structure -- Structural Features of the Integrin Family -- Connection between the ECM and the Actin Cytoskeleton -- Integrin Signaling -- The SFK-Fak-p130Cas Signaling -- The Focal Adhesion Kinase -- Src Family Kinases -- The p130Cas Adaptor Protein -- SFK-Fak-p130Cas as a Signaling Scaffold in Migration, Invasion and Survival -- Integrin Cross Talk with Growth Factor and Cytokine Receptors -- Cooperation between Integrins, Growth Factor/Cytokine Receptors and Their Ligands: Reciprocal Potentiation -- Integrin Signaling and Cancer -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Physical and Functional Interaction between Integrins and hERG1 Channels in Cancer Cells -- Introduction -- hERG1 Channels in Cancer Cells -- Effects of Integrin Activation on hERG1 Channels -- Integrins and hERG1 Channels form a Macromolecular Complex -- Effects of hERG1 Activation on Integrin Function and Signaling -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Coordinated Regulation of Vascular Ca2+ and K+ Channels by Integrin Signaling -- Introduction -- Regulation of L-Type Calcium Channels by Integrin Activation -- Regulation of Ca2+-Dependent Potassium Channels by Integrin Activation -- Conclusion: The Physiological Relevance of Coordinated Regulation of CaL and BK Channels by Integrins -- References -- Chapter 8 Adhesion-Dependent Modulation of Macrophage K+ Channels -- Introduction -- Inwardly Rectifying K+ (Kir) Currents. , Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Roles of Macrophage Kir Channels -- Delayed, Outwardly Rectifying K+ (Kdr) Currents -- Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Roles of Macrophage Kdr Channels -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Integrin Receptors and Ligand-Gated Channels -- Introduction -- The Functional Significance of Integrins in the Adult Brain -- Integrin and Ion Channels in Remodeling Adult Circuits and Epileptogenesis -- Integrins and Synaptic Plasticity -- Integrins and NMDA Receptors -- Integrins and AMPA Receptors -- Integrins and GABA Receptors: Further Possibilities to Modulate Synaptic Plasticity? -- Integrins and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: Not Only the Neuromuscular Junction -- Studies in Nonneural Tissue -- Studies in the Neuromuscular Junction and the Central Nervous System -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 Integrins and Ion Channels in Cell Migration: Implications for Neuronal Development, Wound Healing and Metastatic Spread -- Introduction -- Actin Cytoskeleton -- Cell Migration -- Growth Cone Motility -- The Role of Integrins in Cell Migration -- The Role of Ion Channels and Crosstalk with Integrins in Cell Migration -- K+ Channels -- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Integrins and Epithelial Migration in Electric Fields, Implications for Wound Healing -- Ca2+ Signaling and the Axonal Growth Cone -- Ca2+ Signals: Fundamentals and Role in Chemotaxis -- Growth Cone Motility -- Ion Channels as Adhesion Molecules -- The Cellular Environment and the Metastatic Process -- Invasiveness of Glial Tumors and Ion Channels -- Conclusion -- References -- INDEX.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 4 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Action potentials generated by voltage-dependent Ca2+ conductances were studied at 25°C with the perforated-patch technique, in freshly dispersed adult rat sensory neurons perfused with Na-free solutions containing tetraethylammonium. Brief depolarizing currents from membrane potentials negative to –75 mV always elicited long (〉100 ms) plateau spikes which had different thresholds in different neurons: a low threshold around –60/–50 mV and a high-threshold at –30/–20 mV. Stimulations from potentials positive to –55 mV, on the contrary, elicited spikes originating only in the high threshold region and sensitive to 25 μM Cd2+, designated high-threshold spikes. In neurons which showed spikes with low threshold, addition of 25 μM Cd2+ disclosed a smaller and shorter regenerative response, the low-threshold spike. Moreover, the classical ‘anode-break’ stimulation from –50/–60 mV uncovered isolated low-threshold spikes, indicating a time- and voltage-dependent de-inactivating process. From the properties of the low (LVA) and high (HVA) voltage-activated Ca2+ currents, recorded under the same extracellular conditions, a Hodgkin–Huxley model was derived and used to reconstruct all the features of the recorded spikes. The model was also able to simulate experimental blocking of LVA channels by amiloride, modulation of HVA channels by baclofen and induced oscillatory firing. This agreement between the behaviour of recorded spikes and their mathematical description led us to conclude that the LVA and HVA Ca2+ currents underlie the low- and high-threshold Ca2+ spikes, respectively. Furthermore, our data suggest that complex behaviour known to be typical of central nervous system neurons is also present in sensory peripheral neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The voltage-dependent K+ channels belonging to the ether-à-go-go family (eag, erg, elk) are widely expressed in the mammalian CNS. Their neuronal function, however, is poorly understood. Among the elk clones, elk2 is the most abundantly expressed in the brain. We have characterized the human ELK2 channel (HELK2) expressed in mammalian cell lines. Moreover, we have detected helk2 mRNA and ELK2-like currents in freshly dissociated human astrocytoma cells. HELK2 was inhibited by Cs+ in a voltage-dependent way (Kd was 0.7 mm, at −120 mV). It was not affected by Way 123398 (5 µm), dofetilide (10 µm), quinidine (10 µm), verapamil (20 µm), haloperidol (2 µm), astemizole (1 µm), terfenadine (1 µm) and hydroxyzine (30 µm), compounds known to inhibit the biophysically related HERG channel. The crossover of the activation and inactivation curves produced a steady state ‘window’ current with a peak around −20 mV and considerably broader than it usually is in voltage-dependent channels, including HERG. Similar features were observed in the ELK2 clone from rat, in the same experimental conditions. Thus, ELK2 channels are active within a wide range of membrane potentials, both sub- and suprathreshold. Moreover, the kinetics of channel deactivation and removal of inactivation was about one order of magnitude quicker in HELK2, compared to HERG. Overall, these properties suggest that ELK2 channels are very effective at dampening the neuronal excitability, but less so at producing adaptation of action potential firing frequency. In addition, we suggest experimental ways to recognize HELK2 currents in vivo and raise the issue of the possible function of these channels in astrocytoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Clustered attacks of epileptic episodes originating from the frontal lobe during sleep are the main symptoms of autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE, MIM 600513). Despite the clinical homogeneity, three forms of ADNFLE have been associated with chromosomes 20 (ENFL1; ref. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: CNG channels Gating H5 Pore loop Scanning cysteine mutagenesis Sulfhydryl-specific reagents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels from the bovine rod, the pore loop "P-loop", connecting the S5 and S6 transmembrane segments, is formed by the residues R345–S371 (here named R1–S27). It determines channel selectivity and contributes to gating. We have studied its topology, by testing the accessibility to Cd2+ of serially substituted cysteine residues. Channels were expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The accessibility of V4C, S6C, T16C, I17C, T20C, P22C and S27C from the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane was tested by applying 1–100 µM Cd2+ to the inner face of inside-out patches, at negative membrane potentials. Under these conditions, the effect of Cd2+ on wild-type channels was negligible. The accessibility of the same residues from the external side of the membrane was tested by measuring CNG current inhibition persisting after wash-out of Cd2+ applied to outside-out patches. T16C and I17C channels were strongly inhibited by Cd2+ from the inside, in the presence of cGMP. The K d for T16C block was 16 µM. Thus the T16 and I17 residues participate directly in channel function and are accessible from the cytoplasmic side when the channels are open. In contrast, V4C, T20C and P22C residues were only inhibited when 100 µM Cd2+ was applied externally, suggesting that V4C, T20C and P22C face the outer side of the P-loop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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