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  • 1
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    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/3882 | 16 | 2011-09-29 16:47:00 | 3882 | The Coastal Society
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: Progressive increases in storm intensities and extreme wave heights have been documented along the U.S. West Coast. Paired with global sea level rise and the potential for an increase in El Niño occurrences, these trends have substantial implications for the vulnerability of coastal communities to natural coastal hazards. Community vulnerability to hazards is characterized by the exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity of human-environmental systems that influence potential impacts. To demonstrate how societal vulnerability to coastal hazards varies with both physical and social factors, we compared community exposure and sensitivity to storm-induced coastal change scenarios in Tillamook (Oregon) and Pacific (Washington) Counties. While both are backed by low-lying coastal dunes, communities in these two counties have experienced different shoreline change histories and have chosen to use the adjacent land in different ways. Therefore, community vulnerability varies significantly between the two counties. Identifying the reasons for this variability can help land-use managers make decisions to increase community resilience and reduce vulnerability in spite of a changing climate. (PDF contains 4 pages)
    Description: National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
    Description: U.S. EPA Coastal Management Branch
    Description: U.S. Geolgocial Survey
    Description: NOAA Sea Grant
    Keywords: Atmospheric Sciences ; TCS22
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: conference_item
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-07-29
    Description: Disturbance and biotic resistance are important factors driving plant invasions but how these factors interact for plants with different modes of colonization (i.e., sexual and asexual) is unclear. We evaluated factors influencing the invasion of non-native Phragmites australis that has been rapidly expanding in brackish tidal wetlands in Chesapeake Bay. We (1) conducted a survey of naturally occurring small-scale disturbances (removal of vegetation and/or sediment deposition) across four plant communities; (2) determined the effects of small-scale disturbance and biotic resistance on P. australis seedling and rhizome emergence; and (3) tested the effects of size and frequency of small-scale disturbances on seedling emergence and survival of transplanted seedlings. The results of our study demonstrate that the invasion window for seeds is in disturbed areas in high marsh plant communities that flood less frequently; seedling emergence in undisturbed areas was negligible. Establishment of shoots from rhizome segments was low in all plant communities. Disturbance size and frequency had no significant impact on seed germination and seedling survival. Our findings provide evidence that small-scale within-wetland disturbances are important for the invasion of the non-native lineage of P. australis by seeds in brackish tidal wetlands in Chesapeake Bay. Efforts to reduce disturbances - large and small - in wetlands can be used to limit P. australis invasion by seed but invasion by rhizome is still likely to occur across many plant communities irrespective of the presence of disturbance. # doi:10.1890/14-0434.1
    Print ISSN: 1051-0761
    Electronic ISSN: 1939-5582
    Topics: Biology
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