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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Migraine, major depression and panic disorder: a prospective epidemiologic study of young adults (1992)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 12 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We examined prospectively the risk for major depression (MDD) and panic disorder in persons with prior history of migraine. A random sample of 995 young adults was interviewed in 1989 and reinterviewed in 1990. A history of migraine at baseline increased fourfold the risk for MDD during the follow-up interval. A history of any anxiety disorder exacerbated the risk for MDD in persons with migraine. Persons with a history of migraine were twelve times more likely to become cases of panic disorder than those with no history of migraine. The risk for MDD andor panic disorder was unrelated to whether or not migraine was active during the year preceding the baseline interview or in remission for more than one year. The findings suggest that migraine, major depression and anxiety disorders might share common predispositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1992.1202085.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The latent dimensionality of DIS/DSM-III-R nicotine dependence: exploratory analyses (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 91 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Decisions on DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence were based in part on latent structure analyses of field survey data on alcohol problems. Analogously, to investigate the latent structure of nicotine dependence in an epidemiological sample, we carried out a dichotomous item factor analysis of DSM-III-R symptom data gathered from 394 young adults who reported a history of sustained daily smoking. Smokers and their dependence symptoms were identified by means of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule version III revised, administered to a random sample of 1007 21–30-year-olds who were members of a health maintenance organization in the Detroit area. Comparing different latent structure models using LISCOMP software with bootstrap re-sampling, followed by multiple logistic regression, vie found that a two-factor model indicating a ‘general dependence’ and a ‘failed cessation’ dimension best accounted for the observed data. Current smoking status (persistent vs. past smoking) was associated with the two factors independently. Replication and additional research on construct, discriminant and convergent validity are needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.91458312.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of cigarette smoking: familial liability and the role of nicotine dependence (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Addiction 97 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Aims  It has been suggested that high genetic vulnerability may explain why smoking persists in spite of general acceptance of the health risks of cigarette smoking. Indeed, heritability estimates for smoking persistence range from 27% to 70%. It has also been suggested that genetic influences on smoking persistence may operate through nicotine dependence, which epidemiological studies have found to be an important risk factor for smoking persistence. We examined alternative ways that familial liability to persistence, nicotine dependence and smoking persistence may be related.Design  Cohort study.Setting  South-east Michigan, United States.Participants  A subset of 389 daily smokers informative for familial smoking characteristics from an epidemiological sample of young adults 26–35 years old (n = 979).Measurements  Nicotine dependence criteria were assessed using the NIMH-DIS revised interview and diagnosed according to the DSM-III-R. Familial smoking characteristics were assessed by subject report.Findings  Absent nicotine dependence, daily smokers with medium and high familial density of persistence were at increased risk of smoking persistence (OR = 4.2 and 7.0, respectively). However, familial density of persistence was not associated with smoking persistence among nicotine dependent daily smokers. Level of education also appeared to limit the influence of familial liability, although nicotine dependence also modified this effect.Conclusions  Nicotine dependence does not appear to be in the causal pathway from familial liability to smoking persistence, but rather modifies the association between them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00211.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DSM-III-R nicotine dependence in young adults: prevalence, correlates and associated psychiatric disorders (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction 89 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1360-0443
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: We describe the epidemiology of nicotine dependence and Us association with other substance use and psychiatric disorders. Data came from a random sample of young adults, 21–30 years of age, in the Detroit, Michigan metropolitan area. The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule was used to ascertain DSM-III-R disorders. Lifetime prevalence of nicotine dependence was 20%. Higher rates were observed in whites, persons with low education and persons who were separated or divorced. Males and females with nicotine dependence had significantly increased odds for alcohol and illicit drug disorders, major depression and one or more anxiety disorder, as compared to non-dependent smokers and non-smokers combined. Among smokers, lifetime prevalence of illicit drug disorders other than marijuana alone, major depression and any anxiety disorder were significantly higher in dependent than non-dependent people. Major depression was associated specifically with nicotine dependence, an association explained in part by neuroticism. This finding suggests that the personality trait of neuroticism might constitute a common predisposition for major depression and nicotine dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb00960.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychiatric comorbidity of smoking and nicotine dependence (1995)
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 25 (1995), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Smoking ; nicotine dependence ; psychiatric comorbidity ; major depression ; any anxiety disorder ; substance use disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Recent epidemiologic studies have revealed that comorbidity of psychiatric disorders is far more pervasive than previously suspected. Strong associations have been reported between specific substance use disorders and between any mental disorder and any substance use disorder. This report focuses on comorbidity of nicotine dependence, a substance use disorder on which little epidemiologic information is available. Data come from an epidemiologic study of approximately 1000 young adults in southeast Michigan, in which the NIMH-DIS, revised according to DSM-III-R, was used. Lifetime prevalence of nicotine dependence was 20%. Males and females with nicotine dependence had increased odds for alcohol and illicit drug disorders, major depression, and anxiety disorders, compared with nondependent smokers and nonsmokers combined. Major depression and any anxiety disorder were associated specifically with nicotine dependence. Increased odds for alcohol or illicit drug disorders were observed also in nondependent smokers, compared to nonsmokers. History of early conduct problems increased the odds for nicotine dependence among smokers. Potential mechanisms in the comorbidity of nicotine dependence are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02196920
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