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  • 1
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    Long-Term Dynamic Monitoring of Medieval Masonry Towers (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-21
    Description: The aim of the paper is to present and discuss the results of an ambient vibration monitoring campaign conducted in the old town of Lucca, over the period 2015–2018. Despite the low level of the ambient vibrations in the historic center, using high-sensitivity instrumentation allowed the authors to measure and study the dynamic behavior of two medieval masonry towers: the San Frediano belfry and the Clock Tower. The main results of the dynamic identification of the towers are summarized, together with the variation over time of their dynamic properties. Some insights on the towers' response to the anthropic activities in the historic center are also presented. Finally, a finite element simulation is performed with the aim of assessing the influence of temperature variations on the towers' natural frequencies; good agreement is found between numerical and experimental results. The paper provides the scientific and technical community with a detailed report on a singular experiment in the field of architectural heritage.
    Description: Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Lucca (TITANIO project, 2016–2018) and the Region of Tuscany and MIUR (MOSCARDO project, FAR-FAS 2014, 2016–2018)
    Description: Published
    Description: Article 9
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: vibration monitoring campaign ; dynamic identification ; seismometric monitoring of buildings
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Editorial: Urban Vibrations & Their Effects Upon Built Heritage: Measurements, Characterization, & Simulations (2021)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Editorial for the special issue on Urban Vibrations & Their Effects Upon Built Heritage: Measurements, Characterization, & Simulations
    Description: The numerous sources of vibration that can be recorded in the urban environment both at ground or at the top level of buildings represent a complex and largely unexplored field, whose interpretation could provide valuable information about the buildings’ structural behavior. Urban vibrations may excite constructions in many different ways, generating discomfort, structural damage, and fatigue-related issues affecting their structural health. The characterization of such urban vibrations, and their use for dynamic identification and structural health monitoring, launched an emerging, new cross-disciplinary field known as urban seismology, which engages seismologists, structural engineers, and numerical analysts. The research contributions collected in this special issue deal with this emerging topic.
    Description: Published
    Description: 588758
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: dynamic identification, structural health monitoring, cultural heritage, ambient vibrations, environmental effects, operational modal analysis, finite element analysis, model updating ; state of health monitoring of buildings
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Long-Term Seismometric Monitoring of the Two Towers of Bologna (Italy): Modal Frequencies Identification and Effects Due to Traffic Induced Vibrations (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: The rise of human activities and the constant increase of vehicles traffic in the cities, and in particular of heavy vehicles such as buses and trucks, causes continues ambient vibrations that can detrimentally affect the conservation of built artifacts, especially historical constructions. The effects of urban vibrations on buildings and monuments are far from being fully investigated. In general, peak levels of traffic-induced vibrations are rarely high enough to be the main cause of heavy structural damages. On the other hand, they contribute to the process of deterioration by adding extra stresses—through fatigue damage accumulation occurring as a result of long periods of exposure to low levels of vibration—or by contributing to soil densification—which can lead to the settlement of building foundations. As such, the estimation of threshold levels above which traffic-induced vibrations may cause damages to monumental buildings requires specific studies including long-time monitoring campaigns. Data from experimental campaign can, indeed, be used to extract information on the variation of dynamic properties of buildings, thus providing valuable pieces of information for a complete knowledge to plan effective preservation interventions. The present work aims to identify the effects of traffic induced urban vibrations on the two Towers of Bologna, particularly prone to fatigue-related damages and close to a high transit of vehicles, through a preliminary analysis of data from several dynamic monitoring campaigns conducted during the last years.
    Description: Published
    Description: id 85
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: dynamic identification, structural health monitoring, masonry towers, ambient vibrations, traffic induced effects ; structural health of historical buildings
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Sesame Project - Deliverable D04-04 - Report of the WP04 H/V Technique : Empirical Evaluation - Homogeneous Data Set of Noise and Earthquake Recordings at Many Sites (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: In this Report the homogeneous data set of earthquake and noise recordings at many sites that is generated under the framework of the SESAME Project (Site Effects Assessment Using Ambient Excitations, EC- RGD, Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME), Task A (H/V technique), Work Package 04 (WP04– H/V Technique: Empirical Evaluation), is presented. Three main topics are included in the Report: (a) The Standard Information Sheet (SIS) structure, (b) The SESAME Ascii Format (SAF) files, and (c) The SESAME SIS-database. The SIS compiled in this sub-task and SAF format adopted for all data, constitute a homogeneous data set to be processed for further scientific results in the framework of the WP04. In addition, the SIS-database is going to facilitate data selection and management.
    Description: European Commission – Research General Directorate Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME
    Description: Published
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: database, earthquakes, noise ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 5
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    Ambient Vibrations of Age-old Masonry Towers: Results of Long-term Dynamic Monitoring in the Historic Centre of Lucca (2020)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-14
    Description: The paper presents the results of an ambient vibration monitoring campaign conducted on the so-called “Clock Tower” (Torre delle Ore), one of the best known and most visited monuments in the historic centre of Lucca. The vibrations of the tower were continuously monitored from November 2017 to March 2018 using high-sensitivity instrumentation. In particular, four seismic stations provided by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia and two three-axial accelerometers developed by AGI S.r.l., spin-off of the National Institute for Astrophysics, were installed on the tower. The measured vibration level was generally very low, since the structure lies in the middle of a limited traffic area. Nevertheless, the availability of two different types of highly sensitive and accurate instruments allowed the authors to follow the dynamic behaviour of the tower during the entire monitoring period and has moreover provided cross-validation of the results.
    Description: This research has been partially supported by the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Lucca (TITANIO project, 2016-2018) and the Region of Tuscany and MIUR (MOSCARDO project 2016-2018, FAR-FAS 2014). These supports are gratefully acknowledged.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5-21
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: masonry towers ; long-term monitoring ; vibration sources ; operational modal analysis ; environmental effects ; seismology for engineering
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Manuale d'uso dei programmi per lo scaricamento e l'analisi semi-automatica dei dati registrati da stazione sismiche per lo studio degli effetti di sito (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-09
    Description: The report describes the method used in retrieving data and selecting a dataset of earthquakes from the recordings of the seismic stations used by the INGV Rome team involved in site effects studies. The report describes also the programs used for the spectral analyses both on earthquakes and seismic ambient noise.
    Description: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
    Description: Published
    Description: 6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremoto
    Keywords: Site Effects ; Spectral ratio tecniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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  • 7
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    Preface Special Issue: Lessons from the past: the evolution of seismic protection techniques in the history of builings (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-09
    Description: “Grecae magnificentiae vera admiratio extat templum Ephesiae Dianae CXX annis factum a tota Asia. In solo id palustri fecere, ne terrae motus sentiret aut hiatus timeret, rursus ne in lubrico atque instabili fondamenta tantae molis locarentur, calcatis ea substravere carbonibus, dein velleribus lanae”. With these words, Gaius Plinius Secundus, better known as Pliny the Elder, in his Naturalis Historia (XXXVI, §95), described the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, one of the largest temples built by Greeks and one of the seven wonders in the ancient world. Recent historic studies allowed pointing out that the foundations were composed by a continuous stone plate separated from a thin layer of marshland by means of a layer of clay mixed with charcoal and ashes [Carpani, 2017]. Nowadays those layers are interpreted as a pioneering base isolation system.
    Description: Published
    Description: SE345
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: engineering seismology ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Experimental and numerical investigations on the seismic behaviour of the San Frediano bell tower in Lucca (2020)
    INGV
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-09
    Description: This paper presents a study on the seismic response of the San Frediano bell tower in Lucca. The tower’s ambient vibrations were con− tinuously monitored for about one year, from October 2015 to October 2016. During this monitoring campaign, many seismic events were recorded on the tower and the most relevant turned out to be the Amatrice earthquake, which struck Central Italy on 24 August 2016. The paper begins with a review of the experimental results obtained. Then, a finite element numerical model of the tower is presented and validated via model updating, by assuming the tower’s constituent materials to be unable to withstand tensile stresses. The exper− imental records of the Amatrice earthquake are also included in the analysis to assess the dynamic behaviour of the finite element model under ambient vibrations. Finally, a numerical simulation is performed of the tower subjected to the Lunigiana earthquake, recorded in Fivizzano (Tuscany) on 21 June 2013: the results of the dynamic analysis are presented and discussed.
    Description: Published
    Description: SE342
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: seismic monitoring ; operational modal analysis ; nonlinear dynamics ; finite element modelling ; masonry towers
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Assessment of Ground Motion in Palermo, Italy, during the 6 September 2002 Mw 5.9 Earthquake Using Source Scaling Law (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-03
    Description: The 6 September 2002 Mw 5.9 earthquake caused damage typical of intensity VI on the European Macroseismic Scale to the city of Palermo, 40–50 km southwest of the epicenter. In distinct contrast with the ground accelerations expected for that intensity (30–60 Gal, approximately), the analog accelerographs around Pa- lermo and in the northern coast of Sicily were not triggered, indicating a level of shaking lower than the 10-Gal threshold, at least on the vertical component. To shed light on the apparent contradiction, we estimated ground accelerations of the main- shock in Palermo by using the aftershock seismograms recorded at eight broadband stations in the city on different geological formations. Rock stations in the region were used to compute seismic moment, local magnitude, corner frequency, and stress drop for the events of the sequence. The observed ground motions of mainshock and aftershocks result in a substantially constant (100 bars) stress drop scaling over the seismic-moment interval 1019 M0 1025 dyne cm. To assess the mainshock ground motion in Palermo, we applied this source scaling law to the aftershock seismograms in the city by using three different techniques: random series generation, random summation of empirical Green’s functions, and amplitude scaling through spectral ratios between stations. For each of the stations that recorded aftershocks in Palermo, the three methods yield consistent results. Simulated horizontal accelerations of the mainshock vary from 14 Ⳳ 2 Gal on the stiffest formation (Oligo-Miocene Numidian Flysch) up to 51 Ⳳ 14 Gal on Holocene sea and lacustrine soft deposits. Accelera- tions assessed for the vertical component show a smaller variation, ranging from 11 Ⳳ 4 to 21 Ⳳ 4 Gal, respectively. The minimum average value of the vertical components and the maximum of the horizontal components agree fairly well with the threshold of not triggered accelerographs and ground accelerations statistically corresponding to the maximum felt intensity, respectively. This study indicates that, during the 6 September 2002 earthquake, a large (a factor of 3–4) variability of horizontal ground motion did really occur in Palermo as an effect of local geology.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2342–2363
    Description: 3T. Sorgente sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Sesame Project - Deliverable D08-02 - WP02 H/V technique : experimental conditions - Final report on Measurement Guidelines (2012)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In the following we report the final results for WP02-Measurement Guidelines. This work was conducted under the framework of the SESAME Project (Site Effects Assessment Using Ambient Excitations, EC-RGD, Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME), Task A (H/V technique), Work Package 02 (WP02 – Measurement Guidelines).
    Description: European Commission – Research General Directorate Project No. EVG1-CT-2000-00026 SESAME
    Description: Published
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: open
    Keywords: noise measurements ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.10. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: report
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