Note: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter I -- Fundamental Principles Governing Behavioral Thermoregulation -- Andreas D. Flouris* -- Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation, Centre for Research and Technology - Thessaly, Trikala, Greece -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Thermosensation -- Central Thermosensors -- Peripheral Thermosensors -- Behavioral Thermosensors -- Conscious Behavior as a Thermoeffector -- Testing the Effectiveness of Behavioral Thermoeffector Mechanisms -- Microclimate Liquid Conditioning Garment Systems -- Hand Function -- Cognitive Performance -- Regulation of Exercise Intensity -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter II -- Reviewing the Functional Architecture of the Human Thermoregulatory System -- Andreas D. Flouris1,* and Stephen S. Cheung2 -- 1Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation, Centre for Research and Technology - Thessaly, Greece -- 2Department of Physical Education and Kinesiology, Brock University, Canada -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Life and Thermodynamics -- Thermodynamic Principles of Heat Transfer -- Temperature -- Radiation -- Conduction -- Convection -- Evaporation -- Air Temperature -- Humidity -- Calorimetry -- The Heat Balance Equation -- Thermometry -- Physiological Principles of Endothermic Thermoregulation -- Thermosensors -- Central Thermosensors -- Peripheral Thermosensors -- Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels (TRP) -- Afferent Channels -- Control of Homeostasis -- The Alternative 'Comparator Model' -- Thermoeffectors -- Thermoregulatory Aspects of Skin Vasomotor Tone -- Reflex Neural Control of BFsk -- Effects of Local Skin Warming on BFsk -- Effects of Local Skin Cooling on BFsk -- Control of Eccrine Sweat Gland Function -- Shivering -- Functional Architecture of the Endothermic Thermoregulatory System -- Hypothalamic Proportional Control with an Adjustable Set Point. , The Comparator Model -- Core Temperature Defense at a Null Zone -- The Model of Heat Regulation -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter III -- Controlling Body Temperature - The Opportunities for Highly Productive Domestic Fowl -- S. Yahav*, D. Shinder, M. Ruzal, M. Giloh and Y. Piestun -- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, ARO, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Body Temperature Development in Chickens during Embryogenesis - The Transition from Ecto to Endotherm Phase -- Controlling Tb Post Hatch - Three Differnt Strategies -- Rapid Thermal Stress Response - The Development of Hyper- or Hypothermia -- Hyperthermia Development -- Hypothermia Development -- Acclimation to the Environment - The Control of Body Temperature -- Acclimation to Ambient Temperature -- Controlling Body Temperature in a Complex Environment - Ambient Temperature and Relative Humidity -- Controlling Body Temperature in a Complex Environment - High Ambient Temperature and Ventilation -- Controlling Body Temperature in a Complex Environment - High Ambient Temperature and Ammonia Pollution -- The Epigenetic Body Temperature Adaptation Approch -- Post-hatching Thermal Manipulations -- Pre Hatching Thermal Manipulations -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter IV -- Neonatal Thermoregulation -- Robin B. Knobel* -- Duke University, School of Nursing, Durham, NC, US -- Abstract -- Neonatal Thermoregulation -- Human Temperature Regulation -- Fetal Temperature Regulation in the Fetal Period through Transition to Extra-Uterine Life -- Infant Temperature Regulation -- Developmental Properties Related to Non-shivering Thermogenesis -- Heat Transfer -- Current Recommendations: Thermal Care of the Preterm Infant -- Neonatal Hyperthermia -- Prevention of Hypothermia in the Delivery Room. , Body Temperature Control in the First Few Days of Life -- Results: Low Temperatures -- Infants did not Exhibit Peripheral Vasoconstriction -- Temperature and Caregiver Interactions -- Hypothermia -- Optimal Control Temperature for ELBW Infants -- Conclusion -- Directions for Future Research -- References -- Chapter V -- The Use of Infrared Thermography for the Investigation of Thermoregulation in Humans -- Boris G. Vainer -- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences -- Novosibirsk State University, Russia -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. IRT in Scientific Investigations -- 2.1. IRT and Three Generations of Infrared Camera -- 2.2. Human Being as a Test Subject in Biomedical IRT -- 2.3. Typical Objects under Observation at IRT-based Investigation of Body Temperature Regulation -- Major Surface Vessels -- Dry Zones between Major Vessels -- Regions of Profuse Sweating -- Separate Sweat Glands -- Regions with High Thermal Heterogeneity -- 2.4. Physiological Grounds Justifying the Use of IRT for Examination of Humans -- 2.5. Quantitative Data Acquired by IR Camera -- 2.6. Computer Simulation of Human Skin Thermal Fields -- 3. IRT-RESULTS Associated with Human Physiology -- 3.1. Vascular and Hidropoetic Mechanisms of Thermoregulation -- 3.2. Heat Dissipation Conditioned by Breath -- 3.3. Autonomic Reactions Associated with Thermoregulation -- 3.4. Regular Thermal Manifestations of the Organism at External Impacts -- 3.4.1. Steaming in Cosmetic Salon -- 3.4.2. Physical and Thermal Loadings of the Organism -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter VI -- Clinical Thermometry -- Manuel Varela*, Maria Jose Fernandez - Cotarelo -- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Mostoles -- Madrid, Spain -- 1. Historical Aspects -- 2. Measuring Body Temperature -- Thermometers -- Locations. , 3. Body Temperature Variability -- Circadian Variations -- Menstrual Variations -- Seasonal Variations -- Variations due to Aging -- Gender Aspects -- Variations due to the Sleep-wake Cycle -- Variations due to Physical Activity -- 4. Fever -- Physiopathology(Romanovsky et al., 2005, Moltz, 1993, Mackiowak, 1997b) -- 5. Clinical Significance of Fever -- Causes -- Clinical Workup -- 6. To Treat or not to Treat…: The therapeutic Dilemma -- 7. Limitations and New Approaches -- Limitations -- New Approaches -- References -- Chapter VII -- Body Temperature Rise Caused by Diagnostic Imaging: Literature Review for Safer Use -- Kiyotaka Nakagawa1, Koichi Yuki2 and Keiichiro Maniwa2 -- 1Department of Anesthesiology, & -- Medical Engeneering laboratory, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan -- Department of Anesthesia, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Saitama, Japan -- 2Department of Anesthesiology, Itabashi chuo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Ultrasonic Diagnostic Device -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- The Presence of Conductive Foreign Bodies -- The Absence of Conductive Foreign Bodies -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter VIII -- Energy Utilization in the Homeotherm Animal: The Effects of Environmental Temperature and Metabolic Behaviour Charactehristics -- M. R. Sanz Sampelayo1 and I. Prieto Gómez2 -- 1Instituto de Nutrición Animal, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC). Profesor Albareda, 1. Granada, Spain -- 2Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Jaén. Campus Las Lagunillas. Jaén, Spain -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Animals and Experimental Design -- Experimental Procedure -- Measurements and Analyses -- Statistical Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Analysis of Energy Utilization at Metabolic Level. Effects of Temperature and Animal Type. , Energy Requirements for Maintenance and Efficiencies of Energy Utilization for Energy Retention -- Protein and fat Retention according to the Metabolizable Energy Intake -- Fasting Conditions -- Intake at Satiety. Changes Associated with Reduced Environmental Temperature -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter IX -- To Warm up or to Pre-cool? The Paradox of Optimal Strategies to Undertake Prior to Exercise in the Heat -- Rob Duffield1,* and Ric Lovell2,† -- 1School of Human Movement Studies, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia, -- 2Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Warm-up Prior to Exercise in the Heat -- Performance Benefits of a Warm-up -- Power Performance -- High-intensity Performance -- Endurance Performance -- Pre-cooling prior to Exercise in the Heat -- Physiological Responses to Pre-cooling for Exercise in the Heat -- Performance Responses to Pre-cooling for Exercise in the Heat -- A Combined role For warm-up and Pre-cooling in the Heat -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter X -- The Effect of Absolute Exercise Intensity on Core Temperature Responses of Athletes with a Spinal Cord Injury -- Michael J. Price -- Department of Biomolecular and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK -- Introduction -- Methods -- Preliminary Tests -- Prolonged Exercise Tests -- Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Discussion -- Resting Energy Expenditure -- Peak Physiological Responses -- Exercise Responses -- Absolute vs. Relative Workloads -- Limitations, Considerations and Future Work -- References -- Chapter XI -- The Brain Dopaminergic System and Hyperthermia: The Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and The Parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia Syndrome. , Nicola Tambasco, Annalisa Marchio, Vincenzo Belcastro, Chiara Menichetti, Laura Pierguidi, and Aroldo Rossi.