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  • 1
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    Effects of Measuring Devices and Sampling Strategies on the Interpretation of Monitoring Data for Long-Term Trend Analysis (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: A thorough and reliable assessment of changes in sea surface water temperatures (SSWTs) is essential for understanding the effects of global warming on long-term trends in marine ecosystems and their communities. The first long-term temperature measurements were established almost a century ago, especially in coastal areas, and some of them are still in operation. However, while in earlier times these measurements were done by hand every day, current environmental long-term observation stations (ELTOS) are often fully automated and integrated in cabled underwater observatories (UWOs). With this new technology, year-round measurements became feasible even in remote or difficult to access areas, such as coastal areas of the Arctic Ocean in winter, where measurements were almost impossible just a decade ago. In this context, there is a question over what extent the sampling frequency and accuracy influence results in long-term monitoring approaches. In this paper, we address this with a combination of lab experiments on sensor accuracy and precision and a simulated sampling program with different sampling frequencies based on a continuous water temperature dataset from Svalbard, Arctic, from 2012 to 2017. Our laboratory experiments showed that temperature measurements with 12 different temperature sensor types at different price ranges all provided measurements accurate enough to resolve temperature changes over years on a level discussed in the literature when addressing climate change effects in coastal waters. However, the experiments also revealed that some sensors are more suitable for measuring absolute temperature changes over time, while others are more suitable for determining relative temperature changes. Our simulated sampling program in Svalbard coastal waters over 5 years revealed that the selection of a proper sampling frequency is most relevant for discriminating significant long-term temperature changes from random daily, seasonal, or interannual fluctuations. While hourly and daily sampling could deliver reliable, stable, and comparable results concerning temperature increases over time, weekly sampling was less able to reliably detect overall significant trends. With even lower sampling frequencies (monthly sampling), no significant temperature trend over time could be detected. Although the results were obtained for a specific site, they are transferable to other aquatic research questions and non-polar regions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Geesthacht, northern Germany, 2021 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-19
    Description: The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Geesthacht (53.4112 N, 10.4032 E) at about 2 meter depth. The data was obtained between 14 April and 29 September 2021) in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4,). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions. Data on temperature were provided by from Vattenfall, Kernkraftwerk Krümel, a salinity of 0.01 was assumed. Special thanks to the colleagues from Vattenfall for the logistic and technical support. For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 5000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8. Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.
    Keywords: 2021_Geesthacht_CH4; Alfred-Wegener-Institute; DATE/TIME; dissolved methane; in situ data; MaGeCH; Methane, dissolved; Methane sensor, -4H- JENA engineering GmbH, CONTROS HydroC® CH₄; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems; MOSES
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 220976 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Heligoland, Southern North Sea, 2021 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-19
    Description: The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Heligoland (54.1833 N, 7.8667 E) at about 9-12m depth (depending on the tide). The data was obtained between 27 April and 28 October in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4,). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions, based on temperature and salinity values from UW-node Heligoland (Fischer, Philipp; Happel, Lea; Brand, Markus; Eickelmann, Laura; Lienkämper, Miriam; Bussmann, Ingeborg; Anselm, Norbert; Brix, Holger (2022): Hydrographical time series data of Helgoland, Southern North Sea, 2021. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.950173). A gap in the salinity data was replaced with the median value of the observed time span (31.66). For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 1000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8. Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.
    Keywords: 2021_Heligoland_CH4; Alfred-Wegener-Institute; DATE/TIME; dissolved methane; in situ data; MaGeCH; Methane, dissolved; Methane sensor, -4H- JENA engineering GmbH, CONTROS HydroC® CH₄; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems; MOSES
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 200282 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Grain size analysis at the Harzhorn site (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Archaeological and geoarchaeological research at the germanic-roman battlefield Harzhorn, Ldkr. Northeim.; Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320; DEPTH, soil; electrical conductivity; Event label; GEPRIS; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-002-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-002-013; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-002-025; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-002-057; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-002-074; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-004; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-011; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-019; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-026; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-032; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-038; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-045; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-056; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-065; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-077; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-007-098; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-010; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-017; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-023; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-032; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-044; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-055; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-065; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-099; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-115; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-127; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-139; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-033-154; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-031; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-073; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-110; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-135; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-154; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-175; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-193; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-211; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-238; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-009; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-019; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-032; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-042; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-056; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-069; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-084; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-098; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-112; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-133; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-150; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-177; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-203; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-253; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-023-END; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-015; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-031; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-048; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-100; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-100X; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-127; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-026-138; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-012; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-022; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-036; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-046; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-056; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-074; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-097; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-041-108; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-010; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-025; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-044; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-066; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-076; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-083; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-095; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-105; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-042-156; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-003; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-015; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-026; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-038; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-050; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-048-063; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-010; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-020; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-030; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-040; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-050; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-057; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-064; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-072; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-050-081; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-034; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-132; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-142; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-041; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-070; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-083; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-099; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-123; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-149; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-120; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-150; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-172; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-200; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-231; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-001; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-002; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-003; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-004; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-005; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-006; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-176; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-187; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-204; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-219; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-234; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-244; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-254; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-265; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-108-280; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-080; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-100; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-125; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-140; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-155; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-347; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-363; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-394; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-411; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-428; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-448; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-484; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-525; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-576; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-113-666; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-030; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-049; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-068; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-098; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-122; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-164; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-211; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-256; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-Muenz-END; Harzhorn_site_HZH-W-001-000; Harzhorn_site_HZH-W-001-002; Harzhorn_site_HZH-W-001-003; Harzhorn_site_HZH-W-001-004; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-001; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-002; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-003; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-004; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-006; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-007; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-008; Harzhorn_site_HZH-X-005-009; Harzhorn, Lower Saxony, Germany; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; loss on ignition; Lower Saxony; pH; Sample ID; Size fraction; Soil; SOILS; Soil sample
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 18370 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Soil samples analysis with pH, EC, loss on ignition at the Kahlberg site (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Archaeological and geoarchaeological research at the germanic-roman battlefield Harzhorn, Ldkr. Northeim.; Conductivity, electrical; DEPTH, soil; electrical conductivity; Event label; GEPRIS; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; Kahlberg_site_KB_100-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_100-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_100-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_1-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_10-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_10-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_10-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_10-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_10-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_1-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_11-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_11-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_11-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_12-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_12-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_12-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_12-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_15-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_15-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_15-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_15-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_15-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_17-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_17-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_17-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_17-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_17-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-5; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_20-6; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_22-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_22-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_22-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_22-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_22-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_3-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_3-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_3-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_3-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_4-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_4-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_4-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_4-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_5-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_5-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_N_6; Kahlberg_site_KB_O_26-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_O_26-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_O_26-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_O_26-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_13-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_13-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_13-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_13-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_14-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_14-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_14-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_14-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_14-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_16-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_16-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_16-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_16-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_16-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_18-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_18-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_18-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_18-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_19-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_19-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_19-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_19-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_19-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_2-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_2-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_21-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_21-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_21-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_2-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_23-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_23-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_23-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_24-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_24-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_25; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_27-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_27-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_27-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_S_27-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_100-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_100-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_7-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_7-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_7-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_7-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_8-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_8-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_8-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_8-3; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_8-4; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_9-0; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_9-1; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_9-2; Kahlberg_site_KB_W_9-3; Kahlberg_site_KB1; Kahlberg_site_KB10; Kahlberg_site_KB2; Kahlberg_site_KB3; Kahlberg_site_KB4; Kahlberg_site_KB5; Kahlberg_site_KB6; Kahlberg_site_KB7; Kahlberg_site_KB8; Kahlberg_site_KB9; Kahlberg, Lower Saxony, Germany; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; loss on ignition; Loss on ignition; Lower Saxony; pH; pH meter (Hanna instruments), measured in distilled water; pH meter (Hanna instruments), measured in KCl; Sample ID; Soil; SOILS; Soil sample
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 590 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    Soil samples analysis with pH, EC, loss on ignition at the Kahlberg site trench (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Archaeological and geoarchaeological research at the germanic-roman battlefield Harzhorn, Ldkr. Northeim.; Conductivity, electrical; DEPTH, soil; electrical conductivity; Event label; GEPRIS; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; Kahlberg_site_KB01; Kahlberg_site_KB02; Kahlberg_site_KB03; Kahlberg_site_KB04; Kahlberg_site_KB05; Kahlberg_site_KB06; Kahlberg_site_KB07; Kahlberg_site_KB08; Kahlberg_site_KB09; Kahlberg_site_KB10; Kahlberg_site_KB11; Kahlberg_site_KB12; Kahlberg_site_KB13; Kahlberg_site_KB14; Kahlberg_site_KB15; Kahlberg_site_KB16; Kahlberg_site_KB17; Kahlberg_site_KB18; Kahlberg_site_KB19; Kahlberg_site_KB20; Kahlberg_site_KB22; Kahlberg_site_KB23; Kahlberg_site_KB24; Kahlberg_site_KB25; Kahlberg_site_KB26; Kahlberg_site_KB27; Kahlberg_site_KB28; Kahlberg_site_KB29; Kahlberg_site_KB30; Kahlberg_site_KB31; Kahlberg_site_KB32; Kahlberg_site_KB33; Kahlberg_site_KB34; Kahlberg_site_KB35; Kahlberg_site_KB36; Kahlberg_site_KB37; Kahlberg_site_KB38; Kahlberg_site_KB39; Kahlberg_site_KB40; Kahlberg_site_KB41; Kahlberg_site_KB43; Kahlberg_site_KB44; Kahlberg_site_KB45; Kahlberg_site_KB46; Kahlberg_site_KB47; Kahlberg_site_KB48; Kahlberg_site_KB49; Kahlberg_site_KB50; Kahlberg_site_KB51; Kahlberg, Lower Saxony, Germany; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; loss on ignition; Loss on ignition; Lower Saxony; pH; pH meter (Hanna instruments), measured in distilled water; pH meter (Hanna instruments), measured in KCl; Profile; Sample ID; Soil; SOILS; Soil sample
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 294 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Cuxhaven, northern Germany, 2021 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-19
    Description: The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Cuxhaven (53.8771 N, 8.7048 E) taken at about 2-7m depth (depending on the tide). The data was obtained between 11 April and 28 August 2021 in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions, based on temperature and salinity values from COSYNA Container Cuxhaven. For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 1000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8 Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. Due to heavy biofouling the external pump of the sensor failed, resulting in data gaps. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.
    Keywords: 2021_Cuxhaven_CH4; Alfred-Wegener-Institute; DATE/TIME; dissolved methane; Hereon; in situ data; MaGeCH; Methane, dissolved; Methane sensor, -4H- JENA engineering GmbH, CONTROS HydroC® CH₄; Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems; MOSES
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 95767 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Area-wide soil parameters of the germanic-roman battlefield site Harzhorn, Northeim (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Description: Within the framework of the DFG-funded project Archaeological and geoarchaeological investigations at the germanic-roman battlefield site Harzhorn (Northeim, Lower Saxony, Germany), more than 630 samples of the topsoil were taken in relatively high spatial density in order to investigate the relationship between soil parameters and the conservation status of iron objects. The Harzhorn incident took place around the year 235 CE on a Muschelkalk ridge (Harzhorn site) and a neighbouring hill (Kahlberg site) consisting of Jurassic limestone. Upper Buntsandstein and Quaternary loess also occur in some areas. During previous archaeological excavations, the very heterogenuous preservation of iron finds, such as arrow heads, pilae, or shoe nails, was noticed and a correlation with the surface geology/soil properties was assumed. In order to investigate into this relationship, soil samples were taken across the areas at a relatively high density. The sampling was carried out in 2018, the laboratory analyses in the Laboratory for Physical Geography of the Institute for Geographical Sciences at Freie Universität Berlin were finished in 2019. At the Harzhorn site, the vast majority of archaeological finds were discovered at a depth between 15 - 20 cm. As we were interested in the area-wide in situ soil conditions to evaluate the soil aggressiveness, the soil samples at the Harzhorn site were taken at a depth of 15 cm. At the Kahlberg site, the vast majority of archaeological finds were discovered at a depth between 25 - 30 cm. Thus, at the Kahlberg site the soil samples were taken at a depth of 25 cm. Additionally, in the course of archaeological excavations, we sampled 8 profiles at different depths at the Kahlberg site. All samples were analysed with regard to: pH value (Hanna instruments pH meter, measured in KCl), Electric conductivity (Hanna instruments EC meter, measured in distilled water), and loss on ignition (550°C + 880°C). On a selected number of samples grain size analyses were carried out (laser particle sizer LS 13320 PIDS Beckman Coulter).
    Keywords: electrical conductivity; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; loss on ignition; Lower Saxony; pH; Soil
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Grain size analysis at the Kahlberg site trench (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Archaeological and geoarchaeological research at the germanic-roman battlefield Harzhorn, Ldkr. Northeim.; Beckman Coulter Laser diffraction particle size analyzer LS 13 320; DEPTH, soil; electrical conductivity; Event label; GEPRIS; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; Kahlberg_site_KB01; Kahlberg_site_KB02; Kahlberg_site_KB03; Kahlberg_site_KB04; Kahlberg_site_KB05; Kahlberg_site_KB06; Kahlberg_site_KB07; Kahlberg_site_KB08; Kahlberg_site_KB09; Kahlberg_site_KB10; Kahlberg_site_KB11; Kahlberg_site_KB12; Kahlberg_site_KB13; Kahlberg_site_KB14; Kahlberg_site_KB15; Kahlberg_site_KB16; Kahlberg_site_KB17; Kahlberg_site_KB18; Kahlberg_site_KB19; Kahlberg_site_KB20; Kahlberg_site_KB22; Kahlberg_site_KB23; Kahlberg_site_KB24; Kahlberg_site_KB25; Kahlberg_site_KB26; Kahlberg_site_KB27; Kahlberg_site_KB28; Kahlberg_site_KB29; Kahlberg_site_KB30; Kahlberg_site_KB31; Kahlberg_site_KB32; Kahlberg_site_KB33; Kahlberg_site_KB34; Kahlberg_site_KB35; Kahlberg_site_KB36; Kahlberg_site_KB37; Kahlberg_site_KB38; Kahlberg_site_KB39; Kahlberg_site_KB40; Kahlberg_site_KB41; Kahlberg_site_KB43; Kahlberg_site_KB44; Kahlberg_site_KB45; Kahlberg_site_KB46; Kahlberg_site_KB47; Kahlberg_site_KB48; Kahlberg_site_KB49; Kahlberg_site_KB50; Kahlberg_site_KB51; Kahlberg, Lower Saxony, Germany; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; loss on ignition; Lower Saxony; pH; Profile; Sample ID; Size fraction; Soil; SOILS; Soil sample
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5782 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Soil samples analysis with pH, EC, loss on ignition at the Harzhorn site (Lower Saxony, Germany) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-23
    Keywords: Archaeological and geoarchaeological research at the germanic-roman battlefield Harzhorn, Ldkr. Northeim.; Conductivity, electrical; DEPTH, soil; electrical conductivity; Event label; GEPRIS; Germany; Grain size data; Harzhorn; Harzhorn_site_HZH1; Harzhorn_site_HZH10; Harzhorn_site_HZH11; Harzhorn_site_HZH12; Harzhorn_site_HZH13; Harzhorn_site_HZH14; Harzhorn_site_HZH15; Harzhorn_site_HZH16; Harzhorn_site_HZH17; Harzhorn_site_HZH18; Harzhorn_site_HZH19; Harzhorn_site_HZH2; Harzhorn_site_HZH20; Harzhorn_site_HZH3; Harzhorn_site_HZH4; Harzhorn_site_HZH5; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X1; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X2; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X3; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X6; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X7; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X8; Harzhorn_site_HZH-5-X9; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Boden1; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-17; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-37; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-60; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-N-60-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-N-60-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-N-60-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-S-60-14; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-S-60-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-S-60-44; Harzhorn_site_HZH-Grat1-S-60-60; Harzhorn_site_HZH-LOESS; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-64; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P3; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P5; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P6; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P7; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P8; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-101-P9; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-110; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-135; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-154; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-175; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-193; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-211; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-238; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-31; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-105-73; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-20; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-108; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-143; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-167; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-35; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-66; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-112-94; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-40; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-11-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-20; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-40; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-13-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-21; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-40; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-14-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-113; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-122; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-13; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-130; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-140; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-150; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-166; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-180; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-195; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-214; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-45; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-57; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-74; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-12; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-130; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-163; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-185; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-28; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-49; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-86; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-74; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-28-99; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-125; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-54; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-66; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-73; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-80; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-2-99; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-98; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-X22; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-29-X7; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-109; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-127; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-155; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-17; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-173; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-179; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-193; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-217; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-28; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-38; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-45; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-62; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-74; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-81; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-31-94; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-115; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-127; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-139; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-154; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-17; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-23; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-32; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-44; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-55; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-65; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-33-99; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-16; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-26; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-33; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-39; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-47; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-59; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-77; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-84; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-X0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-X12; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-X20; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-X44; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-34-X8; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-40-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-40-15; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-40-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-40-42; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-40-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_1-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-16; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-39; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-55; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-70; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5_2-86; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-1; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-23; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-30; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-40; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-58; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-5-84; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-110; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-16; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-42; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-50; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-66; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-6-82; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-11; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-19; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-26; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-32; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-38; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-45; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-56; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-65; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-77; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-7-98; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-10; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-18; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-25; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-35; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-40; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-47; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-67; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-8-81; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-16; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-23; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-23M; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-23top; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-37; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-63; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-63top; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X1; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X2; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X3; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X5; Harzhorn_site_HZH-N-9-X6; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-136; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-172; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-202; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-222; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-237; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-251; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-261; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-270; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-278; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-288; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-34; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-380; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-399; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-420; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-447; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-462; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-477; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-492; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-507; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-512-K; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-586; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-59; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-96; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-100-END; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-110; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-122; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-132; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-142; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-29; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-69; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-102-94; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-123; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-149; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-41; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-70; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-83; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-104-99; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-100; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-120; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-150; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-172; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-200; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-231; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-27; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-51; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-65; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-106-81; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-0; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-23; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-36; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-46; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-62; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-84; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-98; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-1; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-2; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-3; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-4; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-Hang-5; Harzhorn_site_HZH-S-107-
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2550 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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