Note: Front Cover -- Frontiers of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Biology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- INTRODUCTORY SPEECH -- CHAPTER 1. INDICATIONS OF A COMMON REACTION MECHANISM OF ENZYMES CATALYZING THE HYDROLYSIS OF PYROPHOSPHATE BONDS -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. HIGHLIGHTS IN THE STUDY OF ENZYMIC AMINO GROUP TRANSFER: METABOLIC ROLE, STRUCTURE AND CATALYTIC MECHANISM OF TRANSAMINASES -- HISTORIC INTRODUCTION -- PRINCIPAL METABOLIC FUNCTIONS OF NH2 GROUP TRANSFER -- THE COEETZYMS FUNCTION OF PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. THE ROLE OF SECONDARY SPECIFICITY IN CATALYSIS BY PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. ENZYME HAVING COVALENTLY BOUND FLAVINS -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASES -- INTRODUCTION -- STRUCTURES OF GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASES -- RELATIONSHIP OF REACTIVE RESIDUES -- ORIGIN OF GAPS OR ADDITIONS IN HOMOLOGOUS PROTEINS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES IN OLIGOSACCHARIDE BIOSYNTHESIS AND THEIR USE IN STRUCTURE - FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF GLYCOPROTEINS -- INTRODUCTION -- PURIFICATION AND SOME ENZYMATIC PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY PURIFIED GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES -- THE RECIPROCAL ACTIONS OF GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES -- GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES AS REAGENTS FOR MODIFICATION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES IN GLYCOPROTEINS -- GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES AS REAGENTS FOR MODIFICATION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES ON CELL SURFACES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8. ENZYMES FOR SPLITTING AND SYNTHESIZING THE GLYCOSIDIC LINKAGES IN CARBOHYDRATE DETERMINANTS OF GLYCOPROTEINS -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 9. A VALINOMYCIN ANALOGUE CONTAINING ONLY NATURALLYOCCURRING AMINO ACIDS -- INTRODUCTION -- INTERACTIONS WITH IONS -- SOLUTION CONFORMATIONS OF FREE AND COMPLEXED FORMS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN IONOPHORES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. TOXIC COMPONENTS FROM BUTHUS EUPEUS AND LUCOSA SINGORIENSIS VENOMS -- INTRODUCTION -- SCORPION NEUROTOXINS -- TOXIC COMPONENT OF THE TARANTULA VENOM -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11. PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONSTITUENT POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS OF RICIN D -- CHAPTER 12. RECOGNITION OF PEPTIDE HORMONES AND KININS: MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13. SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE- FUNCTIONAL STUDIES ON HEME PEPTIDE MODELS OF NATURAL OXYGEN-BINDING HEMOPROTEINS -- INTRODUCTION -- SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDE FRAGMENTS -- SYNTHESIS OF HEME PEPTIDE COMPLEXES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14. PROTEINS OF THE COTTONSEED -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 15. INSULIN-DEPENDENT CYTOPLASMIC REGULATOR SEPARATION, IDENTIFICATION AND INVESTIGATION OF INSULIN-LIKE ACTION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF PROINSULIN -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 17. MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE-BOUND STEROID HYDROXYLATING SYSTEMS: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 18. ANALYSIS OF LOCAL ENVIRONMENT OF HISTIDINE RESIDUES IN PROTEINS BY HYDROGEN-TRITIUM EXCHANGE REACTION -- INTRODUCTION -- EFFECT OF NEIGHBORING CHARGED GROUPS ON pKa OF HISTIDINE -- FACTORS AFFECTING REACTIVITY OF THE IMIDAZOLE RING OF HISTIDINE IN PROTEINS -- PROCEDURE OF TRITIUM EXCHANGE TITRATION FOR PROTEINS -- ANALYSIS OF LOCAL ENVIRONMENT AROUND INDIVIDUAL HISTIDINE RESIDUES IN PROTEINS -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 19. THE CONFORMATIONS OBSERVED IN THE N TERMINAL A CHAIN RESIDUES OF INSULIN -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 20. GLOBULAR PROTEINS AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS -- INTRODUCTION -- X-RAY STUDY OP LEGHAEMOGLOBIN -- X-RAY STUDY OF ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE -- ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF PROTEIN MOLECULES ASSOCIATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 21. COMPLEMENTATION OF PROTEIN CRYSTAL STRUCTURES BY NMR STUDIES IN SOLUTION -- INTRODUCTION -- SPECTRAL RESOLUTION -- THROUGH-SPACE CONNECTIVITIES BETWEEN NEARBY PROTONS -- INTERNAL FLEXIBILITY IN GLOBULAR PROTEINS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 22. STUDIES OF ACID PROTEASE STRUCTURES BY MOLECULAR REPLACEMENT METHOD -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 23. DRUG METABOLISM AND THE FUNCTION OF CYTOCHROME P-450 -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 24. CHANGES IN RAT LIVER GLYCOLYTIC REACTIONS DURING FLUOROACETATE POISONING -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 25. CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF THURINGIENSIN, A NATURAL ANALOGUE OF ATP -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 26. PROBLEMS OF STUDIES OF SPECIFIC CELL AUTOREGULATORS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SUBSTANCES PRODUCED BY SOME ACTINOMYCETES) -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 27. BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF RECENT DISCOVERIES IN THE MARINE STEROL FIELD -- INTRODUCTION -- IMPLICATIONS TO MEMBRANE BIOLOGY -- FURTHER BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 28. PROBLEMS OF REGULATION, SYNTHESIS AND METABOLISM OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 29. SOME NEW RESULTS IN THE TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF ESTROGENS -- INTRODUCTION -- TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF 11-KETOESTRANES -- THE APPLICATION OF COUPLING REACTION OF TR1SUBST1TUTED BORANES WITH DIAZOKETONES -- A NEW SHORT AND EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF ESTRANES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 30. SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TO 14-HYDROXYSTEROIDS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 31. NEW PHYTOECDYSONES -- PHYTOECDYSONES OF SERRATULA SOGDIANA Bge. -- PHYTOECDYSONES OF RNA PONTICUM INTEGRIFOLIUM -- PHYTOECDYSONES OF SILENE PREMIXTE -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 32. THE PROBLEM OF DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ENDOGENOUS SUBSTANCES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 33. EXTANT FLORA WITH RESPECT TO ITS CHEMISTRY -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 34. HORMONE-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS: A STUDY OF THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF RECEPTOR STIMULATION IN ISOLATED FAT CELLS BY THE PARTIAL AGONIST CORTICOTROPIN-(5-24)-ICOSAPEPTIDE -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- A CHEMICAL MODEL FOR ß-TYPE RECEPTOR STIMULATION WITH ACTH AND FOR PARTIAL AGONISM -- A BIOLOGICAL MODEL OF PARTIAL AGONISM -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 35. MESSENGER RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS (INFORMOSOMES) -- 1. DISCOVERY OF mRNA-PROTEIN COMPLEXES -- 2. RNA-BINDING PROTEINS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS -- 3. INTERRELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CLASSES OF MESSENGER RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS -- 4. FUNCTIONS OF THE PROTEIN COMPONENT OF MESSENGER RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS -- 5. EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION FACTORS AS RNA-BINDING PROTEINS -- 6. OMNIA MEA MECUM PORTO -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 36. SELECTION OF mRNA INITIATION SITES FOR PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN PROKARYOTES -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 37. THE RIBOSOMAL PEPTIDYL TRANSFERASE CENTER. POSSIBLE BASES FOR THE COMMON ACTION OF PEPTIDE BOND FORMATION INHIBITORS OF BACTERIAL AND EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES -- PROTEIN INVOLVEMENT IN THE RIBOSOMAL PEPTIDYL TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY -- THE NATURE OF THE RECOGNITION SITE(s) FOR ANTIBIOTICS THAT INTERFERE WITH THE PEPTIDYL TRANSFERASE OF BOTH BACTERIAL AND EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 38. AMINOACYL-tRNA SYNTHETASES: APPROACHES TO THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE ACTIVE CENTERS -- INTRODUCTION -- SUBSTRATE GROUPS ESSMTIAL FOR THE INTERACTION WITH AMINOACYL-tRNA SYNTHETASES -- CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF ARSases -- AFFINITY LABELLING OF ARSases -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 39. DIVERSITY OF SUGAR PUCKER IN THE NUCLEIC ACIDS -- INTRODUCTION. , RING PUCKER IN THE DOUBLE HELIX -- POLYNUCLEOTIDE CHAINS MAY TURN CORNERS WITH CHANGES IN RING PUCKER -- INTERCALATION CHANGES DOUBLE HELIX CONFORMATION -- CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY IN YEAST tRNA Phe -- CHANGES IN POLYNUCLEOTIDE DIRECTION -- Phe INTERCALATION IN YEAST tRNA -- DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 40. THREE LEVELS OF CHROMATIN STRUCTURE -- Concluding Remarks -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 41. BIOSYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NORMAL AND MUTANT E. COLI RNA POLYMERASE -- INTRODUCTION -- THE EFFECT OF MUTATIONAL CHANGES III RNA POLYMERASE ON ITS INTERACTION WITH DNA -- THE EFFECT OF RNA POLYIMRASE CHANGES DURING BACRTERIOPHAGE DEVELOPMENT ON ITS INTERACTION WITH DNA -- THE SYNTHESIS OF RNA POLYMERASE SUBUNITS -- THE EVOLUTIONARY VARIABILITY OF RNA POLYMERASE SUBUNITS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 42. ISOLATION, CLONING AND STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF EUKARYOTIC GENES -- INTRODUCTION -- MULTIPLE STRUCTURAL GENES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER AND THEIR PROPERTIES -- STUDIES ON CERTAIN DNA SEQUENCES IN MOUSE GENOME -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 43. PRIMARY ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE OF CHROMATIN -- INTRODUCTION -- PRIMARY ORGANIZATION OF THE NUCLEOSOME CORE -- FUNCTIONAL STATES OF NUCLEOSOME CORES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 44. POLYALKYLATING RNA COMPLEMENTARY TO SELECTED DNA AS A TOOL FOR GENE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 45. EFFECTIVE SOLID PHASE METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF OLIGODEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDES -- INTRODUCTION -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 46. E. COLI RNA-POLYMERASE INTERACTIONS WITH THE SUBSTRATES AND TEMPLATE THE PRIMARY STRUCTURES OF THE PHAGE 434 PROMOTERS -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 47. THE USE OF ULTRAVIOLET-INDUCED POLYNUCLEOTIDE-PROTEIN CROSSLINKS IN STUDIES OF NUCLEOPROTEIN STRUCTURE -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 48. STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF THE ELONGATION FACTOR G FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI.