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  • 1
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    Association of the toxigenic dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii With spirolide accumulation in cultured mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) From Northwest Mexico (2018)
    Frontiers
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers, 5, pp. 1-14
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-16
    Description: Spirolides are polyether cyclic imines considered as “fast acting toxins.” Long-term human health consequences of spirolide ingestion are uncertain, and hence regulatory limits for human consumption have not been established. Nevertheless, monitoring these toxins in shellfish is essential because they can interfere with detection by mouse bioassay of lipophilic regulated toxins. Todos Santos Bay (TSB), in the northwest of the Baja California Peninsula, is an important shellfish cultivation and fish-farming area in Mexico. The toxin analog 13-desmethyl spirolide C has been reported in cultivated mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from TSB, but the causative species associated with accumulation of this toxin has not been previously identified. We assessed the occurrence of Alexandrium ostenfeldii, the unique known producer of spirolides, by inverted light microscopy and by PCR with species-specific oligonucleotides designed for the ITS and 18S rDNA. We determined the presence and abundance of this species at the surface and at the thermocline from samples collected over two annual sampling periods (2013–2014 and 2016–2017). During the 2013–2014 period, A. ostenfeldii was found in 50% of the samples analyzed by light microscopy. The highest cell abundance occurred in October 2013. During 2016–2017 the dinoflagellate was present in low cell abundances and was detected in only 20.9% of the samples. Cells of this species were usually found when sea surface temperature ranged from 17 to 20 C. We also evaluated spirolide accumulated in cultivated mussels from TSB by tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The only spirolide detected was 13-desmethyl spirolide C, found mainly during the 2013–2014 sampling period, with the highest concentration in June 2014. During winter, toxin concentration was at or below the detection limit. During 2016–2017,spirolides were below the detection limit, coinciding with the absence of the causative species. Cell abundance of A. ostenfeldii and spirolide concentration in mussels did not present a clear correlation. This study represents the first record of A. ostenfeldii in TSB and provides evidence that this species is the primary origin of spirolides accumulated in mussels.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Nota sobre la presencia del dinoflagelado desnudo Kofoidinium velelloides Pavillard (Kofoidiniaceae, Dinophyceae) en el Caribe mexicano (2015)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Entre los dinoflagelados, el género Kofoidinium incluye la especie K. velelloides, más tres especies morfológicamente relacionadas. La mayor parte de las especies de este género son poco conocidas así como también se desconoce su diversidad real y distribución geográfica. En México, K. pavillardii y K. velelloides han sido previamente registradas tanto en el Pacífico mexicano como en el Golfo de México. Este trabajo documenta la presencia del dinoflagelado desnudo K. velelloides en una laguna costera del estado de Quintana Roo, norte del Caribe mexicano. Las mayores abundancias se registraron en los meses de enero (874 céls L-1) y febrero (360 céls L-1), posiblemente debido a factores hidrológicos favorables. En el presente estudio se registra por primera vez a K. velelloides en la costa del Caribe mexicano
    Description: Among the dinoflagellates, the genus Kofoidinium includes K. velelloides, plus three more morphologically related species. The majority of the species of the genus Kofoidinium are poorly known as well as their real diversity and geographic distribution is also unknown. In Mexico, K. pavillardii and K. velelloides have been previously recorded in the Mexican Pacific as well as in the Gulf of Mexico. This paper documents the presence of the unarmoured dinoflagellate K. velelloides in a coastal lagoon in the state of Quintana Roo, northern Mexican Caribbean. The highest abundances were recorded during January (874 cells L-1) and February (360 cells L-1), likely due to favorable hydrologic factors. This present study records K. velelloides for the first time in the Mexican Caribbean coast
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Kofoidinium ; Unarmored dinoflagellates ; Dinoflagelado atecado ; Kofoidinium ; Laguna Chakmochuk ; Caribe mexicano
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.100-107
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