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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Volcano-Tectonic Processes. (2021)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,
    Details
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geology, Structural. ; Mineralogy. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (568 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783030659684
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology Series
    URL: https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6613122
    DDC: 551.21
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- 1 Volcanoes and Volcanic Activity -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Volcano Factory -- 1.3 Distribution of Volcanoes and Origin of Magmas -- 1.4 Composition of Magmas -- 1.5 Physical Properties of Melts and Magmas -- 1.6 Types of Volcanic Edifices -- 1.7 Volcanic Activity -- 1.8 Effusive Eruptions and Their Products -- 1.9 Explosive Eruptions and Their Products -- 1.10 Volcanic Hazard and Risk -- 1.11 What is Volcano-Tectonics? -- 1.12 Summary -- 1.13 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 2 Crustal Deformation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Stress -- 2.3 Deformation -- 2.4 Rheology of Rocks -- 2.4.1 Elastic Deformation -- 2.4.2 Plastic Deformation -- 2.4.3 Viscous Deformation -- 2.4.4 Combined Deformation Models -- 2.4.5 The Role of the Boundary Conditions -- 2.4.6 Rheology of the Crust and Magma -- 2.5 Brittle Deformation -- 2.5.1 Extension Fractures -- 2.5.2 Shear Fractures -- 2.6 Faults -- 2.7 Tectonic Regimes -- 2.7.1 Extensional Tectonics -- 2.7.2 Contractional Tectonics -- 2.7.3 Strike-Slip Tectonics -- 2.8 Summary -- 2.9 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 3 The Rise of Magma Through the Crust -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Magmatic Diapirs -- 3.2.1 Diapir Initiation -- 3.2.2 Diapir Rise -- 3.2.3 Diapir Emplacement -- 3.2.4 Diapirism and Stoping -- 3.2.5 Limitations of Diapirism as a Mechanism for Magma Transport -- 3.3 Magma-Filled Fractures -- 3.4 Dike Propagation -- 3.4.1 Solid Mechanics -- 3.4.2 Fluid Mechanics -- 3.4.3 Thermal Constrains -- 3.4.4 Seismicity Constraints -- 3.5 Dike Arrest -- 3.6 Summary -- 3.7 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 4 Magma Emplacement and Accumulation: From Sills to Magma Chambers -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 General Features -- 4.3 Sills -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Emplacement Conditions -- 4.4 Laccoliths, Bysmaliths and Lopoliths. , 4.4.1 Overview -- 4.4.2 Emplacement Conditions -- 4.5 Plutons -- 4.5.1 Overview -- 4.5.2 Tectonically-Assisted Plutons -- 4.5.3 Magma-Induced Plutons -- 4.6 Magma chambers and magma reservoirs -- 4.6.1 Overview -- 4.6.2 Development Conditions -- 4.6.3 Magma Chambers Attracting and Nucleating Dikes -- 4.7 The Plutonic-Volcanic Link -- 4.8 Summary -- 4.9 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 5 Calderas -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 General Features of Calderas -- 5.3 Structure and Evolution -- 5.4 Classification -- 5.5 Relationships to Regional Tectonics -- 5.6 Resurgence -- 5.7 Caldera Unrest -- 5.8 Long- Versus Short-Term Deformation -- 5.9 Magma Transfer and Eruptions -- 5.10 Lessons from Active Calderas -- 5.10.1 Sierra Negra -- 5.10.2 Rabaul -- 5.10.3 Recent Caldera Collapses -- 5.11 Summary -- 5.12 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 6 Volcano Flank Instability and Collapse -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 General Features -- 6.3 Anatomy of an Unstable Flank -- 6.4 Causes of Flank Instability and Collapse -- 6.4.1 Magma Emplacement (Dikes and Viscous Intrusions) -- 6.4.2 Hydrothermal Alteration -- 6.4.3 Excess Pore Pressures -- 6.4.4 Weak Layers and Basement (Volcano Spreading) -- 6.4.5 Fault Activation and Earthquakes -- 6.4.6 Weather and Climate -- 6.5 Analysis of Flank Instability -- 6.6 Sector Collapse and Eruptive Activity -- 6.7 Multi-hazards Related to Flank Instability and Collapse -- 6.8 Lessons from Unstable Volcanoes -- 6.8.1 Mount Etna -- 6.8.2 Mount St. Helens -- 6.8.3 Augustine -- 6.9 Summary -- 6.10 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 7 Shallow Magma Transfer -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Overview -- 7.3 Regional Dikes -- 7.4 Magma Transfer Through Sills -- 7.5 Circumferential Intrusions -- 7.5.1 Circumferential Eruptive Fissures -- 7.5.2 Cone Sheets -- 7.5.3 Ring-Dikes -- 7.6 Radial Dikes -- 7.6.1 Radial Dikes in Conical Volcanic Edifices. , 7.6.2 Radial Dikes in Conical Edifices with Sector Collapse -- 7.6.3 Radial Dikes in Elongated Edifices -- 7.7 Dikes Reaching the Surface -- 7.8 Summary -- 7.9 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 8 Volcano Monitoring -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 General Features -- 8.3 Deformation Monitoring -- 8.3.1 Deformation Monitoring Techniques -- 8.3.2 Deformation Source Models -- 8.3.3 Deformation Forecasting Potential -- 8.4 Geophysical Monitoring -- 8.4.1 Monitoring Volcano Seismicity -- 8.4.2 Monitoring Volcano Gravity -- 8.5 Geochemical Monitoring -- 8.6 Summary -- 8.7 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 9 Unrest and Eruption Forecasting -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 General Features -- 9.3 Unrest Triggers -- 9.3.1 Magmatic Trigger -- 9.3.2 Hydrothermal Trigger -- 9.3.3 Seismic Trigger -- 9.4 Understanding Unrest -- 9.5 Assessing Volcanic Hazard and Forecasting Eruptions -- 9.6 Deterministic Forecasting -- 9.7 Probabilistic Forecasting -- 9.7.1 Long-Term Forecasting -- 9.7.2 Short-Term Forecasting -- 9.8 Summary -- 9.9 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 10 Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Plate Tectonics Frame -- 10.3 Magmatic Processes Along Divergent Plate Boundaries -- 10.4 Magmatic Processes Along Convergent Plate Boundaries -- 10.5 Magmatic Processes at Hot Spots -- 10.6 Polygenic and Monogenic Volcanism -- 10.7 Magma Versus Regional Tectonics -- 10.8 Summary -- 10.9 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 11 Volcanoes at Divergent Plate Boundaries -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Continental Rifts: The East African Rift System -- 11.2.1 The Main Ethiopian Rift -- 11.3 Transitional Rifts: Afar -- 11.4 Oceanic Rifts -- 11.4.1 Ultraslow Ridges: The Red Sea and the Southwest Indian Ridge -- 11.4.2 Slow Ridges: The Icelandic Ridge -- 11.4.3 Fast and Ultrafast Ridges: The East Pacific Rise. , 11.5 A General Model for Divergent Plate Boundaries -- 11.6 Summary -- 11.7 Main Symbols Used -- References -- 12 Volcanoes Along Convergent Plate Boundaries -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Extensional Arcs -- 12.2.1 Cascade Arc -- 12.2.2 Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand -- 12.2.3 Tyrrhenian Margin of Central Italy -- 12.3 Strike-Slip Arcs -- 12.3.1 The South Andean Volcanic Zone -- 12.3.2 Sumatra, Indonesia -- 12.4 Contractional Arcs -- 12.4.1 Northeast Honshu, Japan -- 12.4.2 The Central Andes -- 12.5 A Synthetic Model for Convergent Plate Boundaries -- 12.6 Summary -- References -- 13 Hot Spots -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Hawaii Hot Spot -- 13.3 Galapagos Hot Spot -- 13.4 Easter Island Hot Spot -- 13.5 Reunion Hot Spot -- 13.6 Canary Islands Hot Spot -- 13.7 Azores Hot Spot -- 13.8 Yellowstone Hot Spot -- 13.9 Tibesti Hot Spot -- 13.10 Comparing Hot Spot Volcanoes -- 13.11 Summary -- References -- 14 Correction to: Calderas -- Index.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Volcano-Tectonic Processes (2021)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Structural geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Remote sensing. ; Vulkanismus ; Tektonik ; Eruption ; Prognose ; Erdkruste ; Krater ; Krustenbewegung ; Vulkan ; Vulkangebiet ; Vulkanologie ; Hotspot ; Magmakammer ; Magmatismus ; Neotektonik ; Caldera ; Manteldiapir ; Intrusion ; Lagergang ; Mittelozeanischer Rücken
    Description / Table of Contents: Volcanoes and volcanic activity -- Crustal deformation -- The rise of magma through the crust -- Magma emplacement and accumulation: from sills to magma chambers -- Calderas -- Volcano flank instability and collapse -- Shallow magma transfer -- Volcano monitoring -- Unrest and eruption forecasting.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource(XXVII, 552 p. 341 illus., 337 illus. in color.)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030659684
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65968-4
    URL: https://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz175934382xcov.jpg
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65968-4
    RVK:
    TG 4330
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop (2019)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    In:  Scientific Drilling, 26 . pp. 29-46.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-02
    Description: Large calderas are among the Earth's major volcanic features. They are associated with large magma reservoirs and elevated geothermal gradients. Caldera-forming eruptions result from the withdrawal and collapse of the magma chambers and produce large-volume pyroclastic deposits and later-stage deformation related to post-caldera resurgence and volcanism. Unrest episodes are not always followed by an eruption; however, every eruption is preceded by unrest. The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), located along the eastern Tyrrhenian coastline in southern Italy, is close to the densely populated area of Naples. It is one of the most dangerous volcanoes on Earth and represents a key example of an active, resurgent caldera. It has been traditionally interpreted as a nested caldera formed by collapses during the 100–200 km3 Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption at ∼39 ka and the 40 km3 eruption of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) at ∼15 ka. Recent studies have suggested that the CI may instead have been fed by a fissure eruption from the Campanian Plain, north of Campi Flegrei. A MagellanPlus workshop was held in Naples, Italy, on 25–28 February 2017 to explore the potential of the CFc as target for an amphibious drilling project within the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) and the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). It was agreed that Campi Flegrei is an ideal site to investigate the mechanisms of caldera formation and associated post-caldera dynamics and to analyze the still poorly understood interplay between hydrothermal and magmatic processes. A coordinated onshore–offshore drilling strategy has been developed to reconstruct the structure and evolution of Campi Flegrei and to investigate volcanic precursors by examining (a) the succession of volcanic and hydrothermal products and related processes, (b) the inner structure of the caldera resurgence, (c) the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the hydrothermal system and offshore sediments, and (d) the geological expression of the phreatic and hydromagmatic eruptions, hydrothermal degassing, sedimentary structures, and other records of these phenomena. The deployment of a multiparametric in situ monitoring system at depth will enable near-real-time tracking of changes in the magma reservoir and hydrothermal system.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.5194/sd-26-29-2019
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Etnean and Hyblean volcanism shifted away from the Malta Escarpment by crustal stresses (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: A fraction of the volcanic activity occurs intraplate, challenging our models of melting and magma transfer to the Earth's surface. A prominent example is Mt. Etna, eastern Sicily, offset from the asthenospheric tear below the Malta Escarpment proposed as its melt source. The nearby Hyblean volcanism, to the south, and the overall northward migration of the eastern Sicilian volcanism are also unexplained. Here we simulate crustal magma pathways beneath eastern Sicily, accounting for regional stresses and decompression due to the increase in the depth of the Malta Escarpment. We find non-vertical magma pathways, with the competition of tectonic and loading stresses controlling the trajectories' curvature and its change in time, causing the observed migration of volcanism. This suggests that the Hyblean and Etnean volcanism have been fed laterally from a melt pooling region below the Malta Escarpment. The case of eastern Sicily shows how the reconstruction of the evolution of magmatic provinces may require not only an assessment of the paleostresses, but also of the contribution of surface loads and their variations; at times, the latter may even prevail. Accounting for these competing stresses may help shed light on the distribution and wandering of intraplate volcanism
    Description: Published
    Description: 15-22
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: intraplate volcanism ; fault scarp ; dike propagation ; Malta Escarpment ; Hyblean volcanism ; Etna ; Mechanical models of magma transfer are used to backtrack the surface volcanism in Eastern Sicily. ; Our models account for regional stresses and decompression due to the deepening of the Malta Escarpment ; Both the Hyblean and Etnean volcanism has been laterally fed by a melt pooling region below the Malta Escarpment ; The Malta Escarpment played an active role in steering the shifting of Etnean and Hyblean volcanism
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    Off-rift volcanism in rift zones determined by crustal unloading (2020)
    Nature P. G.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: When continents are stretched over a long period of time, deep elongated rift valleys form at Earth’s surface and zones of ponded magma, centred beneath the rift, form at the crust–mantle boundary 1,2 . Ascending magma sometimes erupts within the rift valley 3,4 or, counterintuitively, at volcanic fields away from the rift valley that are offset by tens of kilometres from the source of magma at depth 5–8 . The controls on the distribution of this off-rift volcanism are unclear. Here we use a numerical model of magmatic dyke propagation during rifting to investigate why some dykes reach the surface outside the rift valley, whereas others are confined to the valley. We find that the location of magmatism is governed by the competition between tectonic stretching and gravitational unloading pressure, caused by crustal thinning and faulting along the rift borders. When gravitational unloading dominates over tectonic stretching forces, dykes ascending from the ponded magma are steered towards the rift sides, eventually causing off-rift eruptions. Our model also predicts the formation of stacked magma sills in the lower crust above the magma-ponding zone, as well as the along-rift propagation of shallow dykes during rifting events, consistent with observations of magmatism and volcanism in rift zones globally. We conclude that rift topography-induced stress changes provide a fundamental control on the transfer of magma from depth to the surface.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 6
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    Weak Tectono-Magmatic Relationships along an Obliquely Convergent Plate Boundary: Sumatra, Indonesia (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: The tectono-magmatic relationships along obliquely convergent plate boundaries, where strain partitioning promotes strike-slip structures along the volcanic arc, are poorly known. Here it is unclear if and, in case, how the strike-slip structures control volcanic processes, distribution and size. To better define the possible tectono-magmatic relationships along strike-slip arcs, we merge available information on the case study of Sumatra (Indonesia) with field structural data. The Sumatra arc (entire volcanic belt) consists of 48 active volcanoes. Of these, 46% lie within 10 km from the dextral Great Sumatra Fault (GSF), which carries most horizontal displacement on the overriding plate, whereas 27% lie at 〉20 km from the GSF. Among the volcanoes at 〈10 km from GSF, 48% show a possible structural relation to the GSF, whereas only 28% show a clear structural relation, lying in pull-aparts or releasing bends; these localized areas of transtension (local extensional zone) do not develop magmatic segments. There is no relation between the GSF along-strike slip rate variations and the volcanic productivity. The preferred N30°-N40°E volcano alignment and elongation are subparallel to the convergence vector or to the GSF. The structural field data, collected in the central and southern GSF, show, in addition to the dextral motions along NW-SE to N-S striking faults, also normal motions (extending WNW-ESE or NE-SW), suggesting local reactivations of the GSF. Overall, the collected data suggest a limited tectonic control on arc volcanism. The tectonic control is mostly expressed by the mean depth of the slab surface below the volcanoes (130 ± 20 km) and, subordinately, local extension along the GSF. The latter, when WNW-ESE oriented (more common), may be associated with the overall tectonic convergence, as suggested by the structural data; conversely, when NE-SW oriented (less common), the extension may result from co- and post-seismic arc normal extension, as supported by the 2004 mega-earthquake measurements. Overall, the strike-slip arc of Sumatra has intermediate features between those of extensional and contractional arcs.
    Description: Published
    Description: Article 3
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    How caldera collapse shapes the shallow emplacement and transfer of magma in active volcanoes (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: Calderas are topographic depressions formed by the collapse of a partly drained magma reservoir. At volcanic edifices with calderas, eruptive fissures can circumscribe the outer caldera rim, be oriented radially and/or align with the regional tectonic stress field. Constraining the mechanisms that govern this spatial arrangement is fundamental to understand the dynamics of shallow magma storage and transport and evaluate volcanic hazard. Here we show with numerical models that the previously unappreciated unloading effect of caldera formation may contribute significantly to the stress budget of a volcano. We first test this hypothesis against the ideal case of Fernandina, Galápagos, where previous models only partly explained the peculiar pattern of circumferential and radial eruptive fissures and the geometry of the intrusions determined by inverting the deformation data. We show that by taking into account the decompression due to the caldera formation, the modeled edifice stress field is consistent with all the observations. We then develop a general model for the stress state at volcanic edifices with calderas based on the competition of caldera decompression, magma buoyancy forces and tectonic stresses. These factors control: 1) the shallow accumulation of magma in stacked sills, consistently with observations; 2) the conditions for the development of circumferential and/or radial eruptive fissures, as observed on active volcanoes. This top-down control exerted by changes in the distribution of mass at the surface allows better understanding of how shallow magma is transferred at active calderas, contributing to forecasting the location and type of opening fissures.
    Description: Published
    Description: 257-293
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    How the differential load induced by normal fault scarps controls the distribution of monogenic volcanism (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: Understanding shallow magma transfer and the related vent distribution is crucial for volcanic hazard. Here we investigate how the stress induced by topographic scarps linked to normal faults affects the distribution of monogenic volcanoes at divergent plate boundaries. Our numerical models of dyke propagation below a fault scarp show that the dykes tend to propagate toward and erupt on the footwall side. This effect, increasing with the scarp height, is stronger for dykes propagating underneath the hanging wall side and decreases with the distance from the scarp. A comparison to the East African Rift System, Afar and Iceland shows that (1) the inner rift structure, which shapes the topography, controls shallow dyke propagation; (2) differential loading due to mass redistribution affects magma propagation over a broad scale range (10 0 –10 5 m). Our results find application to any volcanic field with tectonics- or erosion-induced topographic variations and should be considered in any volcanic hazard assessment.
    Description: Published
    Description: 7507–7512
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 9
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    Interpreting Inverse Magnetic Fabric in Miocene Dikes From Eastern Iceland (2020)
    Wiley Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-20
    Description: Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) is a valid tool to investigate magma flow direction within dikes. However, geometrically inverse magnetic fabric characterized by maximum magnetic susceptibility axis (kmax) perpendicular to the dike wall may complicate the interpretation of flow trajectories. To better understand the nature of this fabric, we present a multiscale study on 19 dikes (383 samples) in the Miocene Alftafjordur volcanic system (Iceland), where 80% of the samples show a geometrically inverse magnetic fabric. We carried out (1) AMS measurements at different magnetic fields and temperatures, along with Anisotropy of Anhysteretic Remanent Magnetization (AARM) analysis; (2) hysteresis loops and FORC diagrams; (3) thin section analysis; (4) structural fieldwork. A variable Ti‐content (0.1 〈 x 〈 0.6, Fe3‐xTixO4) titanomagnetite is the main magnetic carrier, and the contribution of the paramagnetic elongated crystals to the magnetic fabric is negligible. Single domain is not the prevailing domain state of the magnetic particles, suggesting that its occurrence cannot be the main cause for the inverse fabric. AMS analysis at different fields and temperatures along with AARM allow us to exclude any mineral phase change of the titanomagnetite across the dike. Nevertheless, kmax is parallel to a diffuse horizontal column‐like fracture pattern perpendicularly oriented with respect to the dike strike. This suggests that the Ti‐magnetite mineral orientation during dike cooling was affected by the fracture network progressively developing columnar basalts. This study demonstrates that the interpretation of AMS data on old and deep volcanic bodies is not straightforward and observations at different scales are required.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2020JB020306
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 10
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    Multiple natural hazards at volcanic islands: a review for the Ischia volcano (Italy) (2019)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-21
    Description: Volcanic islands pose several major types of natural hazards, often interconnected and concentrated in relatively small areas. The quantification of these hazards must be framed from a multi-hazard perspective whilst building on existing single-hazard analyses. Ischia is a densely inhabited volcanic island with a long eruptive history lasting more than 150 ka (last in 1302 AD) characterized by the significant asymmetric resurgence of a caldera block. Here, we review the state-of-art of the natural hazards of Ischia, aiming at building a solid base for future holistic multihazard quantifications. We frame our analysis in three steps: i) review of geological, historical and current activity; ii) review of available hazard models and analyses; iii) development of an interpretative framework for the interdependent hazards. The results highlight that volcanic activity has been quite intense and many volcanorelated hazardous phenomena have affected the island including in very recent times, both for eruptive (phreatic or magmatic eruptions) and non-eruptive (earthquakes, landslides, and tsunamis) phenomena. The effects of some of them (e.g. tsunamis, tephra) are also relevant beyond the island territory. Quantitative hazard assessments are almost absent and should be developed in the future considering the evident interconnections between hazards.To this end, we propose a conceptual interpretative multi-hazard framework that highlights the fundamental role played by the resurgent block in controlling and connecting the different hazards, in terms of both spatial distribution of the sources and temporal clustering.
    Description: Published
    Description: Article number: 5
    Description: 1V. Storia eruttiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: volcanic hazards ; Ischia ; conceptual model ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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