Anmerkung: Intro -- Water Scarcity, Contamination and Management -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- Section 1: Water resources scarcity -- Chapter 1: Climate change implications on groundwater resources in East Khasi Hills, with special reference to greater Sh ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hydrogeology -- 3. Materials and methods -- 4. Pattern of annual rainfall at Umiam -- 5. Extreme climatic events -- 6. Predicted rainfall from climate model -- 7. Groundwater level -- 8. Groundwater recharge -- 9. Discussion -- 10. Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 2: Status of hydrogeochemistry of water quality in Mizoram: A review -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Location and extend of Mizoram -- 2. Discussion -- 3. Concluding remarks -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3: Surface and groundwater interactions: Methodology and changing chemical processes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methods/tools to identify SW-GW interactions -- 2.1. Radon -- 2.2. Stable isotopes -- 2.3. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) -- 2.4. Noble gases -- 2.5. Environmental tritium and carbon dating -- 2.6. Ions -- 2.7. Temperature -- 3. Processes evolved by the interactions of surface and groundwater -- 3.1. Physiochemical characteristics of surface and groundwater -- 3.2. Influences of groundwater contribution on surface water bodies -- 3.2.1. Eutrophication -- 3.2.2. Habitat for fish -- 3.2.3. Movement of nutrients and metals -- 3.2.4. Changes in wetland chemistry -- 3.3. Influences of surface water contribution on groundwater -- 3.3.1. Salinization -- 3.3.2. Movement of pesticides and emerging contaminants -- 4. Conclusion -- 5. Recommendation for future work -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 4: Impact of climate change on water resources -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Climate change. , 2.1. Emission of greenhouse gases -- 2.2. Excessive use of fossil fuels: For electricity, transportation and heat -- 2.3. Change in land use -- 2.4. Deforestation -- 2.4.1. Population growth -- 3. Impact of climate change -- 3.1. Global warming-rising temperatures -- 3.2. Melting of glaciers and ice sheets and rising sea levels -- 3.3. Ocean acidification -- 3.4. Frequent floods and droughts -- 4. Impact of climate change on water resources -- 4.1. Impact on ground water resources -- 4.2. Management options -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 5: Cooperative management of Himalayan rivers among the riparian states -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The hydrogeology of the IGB system -- 3. Controlling factors of material fluxes -- 4. Distribution of erosion and sedimentation -- 5. Environmental constraints -- 6. Sharing of information to check flash flood and water availability -- 7. Water management strategies and ways forward -- 7.1. Water sharing treaties for mutual cooperation -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 6: An assessment of the aquatic environment quality of the urban water bodies using system analysis methods based ... -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials -- 2.1. Study area -- 2.2. Satellite data -- 2.3. Sampling -- 3. Methods -- 3.1. Spectral indices -- 3.1.1. Normalized Difference Pond Index (NDPI) -- 3.1.2. Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI) -- 3.1.3. Normalized Difference Algae Index (NDAI) -- 3.1.4. Temperature maps of the reservoir's surfaces -- 3.2. Methods of measuring and calculating ground indicators -- 3.3. Methods of system analysis -- 3.3.1. Multi-criteria optimization method -- 3.3.2. Statistical criterion (SC) -- 4. Results and discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section 2: Contamination of water resources -- Chapter 7: Agricultural contamination -- References. , Chapter 8: Metal contamination in groundwater of Bangladesh -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. What is groundwater? -- 1.1.1. How much do we depend on groundwater? -- 1.2. What is groundwater contamination? -- 1.2.1. Sources of heavy metal contamination in groundwater natural sources -- 1.2.2. Anthropogenic sources of contamination -- 2. Metal contamination scenarios in groundwater of Bangladesh -- 3. Major contaminants occurrence in groundwater -- 3.1. Arsenic -- 4. Other contaminants -- 4.1. Manganese -- 4.2. Chromium -- 4.3. Copper -- 4.4. Cadmium -- 4.5. Lead -- 4.6. Iron -- 4.7. Zinc -- 4.8. Nickel -- 5. Dangers of contaminated groundwater -- 6. Effects of ground water contamination -- 7. Potential health problems -- 8. Environmental legislation: Bangladesh perspective -- 9. Conclusion -- Declarations -- Author contribution statement -- References -- Chapter 9: A study on impact of progressive urban expansion on groundwater quality by using graphical, statistical and WQ ... -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Research motive -- 1.2. Context of research -- 2. Study area -- 3. Methodology -- 3.1. Sampling and analytical techniques -- 3.2. Graphical representation -- 3.3. Statistical analysis -- 3.4. Water quality index -- 4. Results and discussion -- 4.1. Population growth -- 4.2. Change in land use practice -- 4.3. Interaction between urbanization and groundwater quality -- 4.4. Comparative analysis of water quality within one decade -- 4.4.1. Major ion chemistry -- 4.4.2. Spatiotemporal distribution and suitability of groundwater for drinking purpose -- Total dissolved solids (TDS) -- Total hardness -- Nitrate (NO3-) -- Fluoride (F-) -- 4.4.3. Classification and genesis of groundwater -- Soltan classification -- Piper's classification -- 4.4.4. Statistical analysis -- Principal component analysis -- 4.4.5. Water quality index (WQI) -- 5. Conclusion. , Acknowledgment -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 10: Contamination of water resources: With special reference to groundwater pollution -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Why is groundwater important? -- 3. How does groundwater become contaminated? -- 4. Types of groundwater contamination -- 4.1. Geogenic contamination -- 4.2. Anthropogenic contamination -- 5. Potential sources of groundwater contamination -- 5.1. Natural sources -- 5.2. Storage tanks -- 5.3. Septic systems -- 5.4. Improper disposal of hazardous waste -- 5.5. Landfills -- 5.6. Chemicals and road salts -- 5.7. Mining and quarrying -- 5.8. Saltwater contamination -- 5.9. Atmospheric contaminants -- 6. Pollution of groundwater -- 7. Types of groundwater pollution -- 7.1. Geogenic pollution of groundwater -- 7.2. Anthropogenic pollution of groundwater -- 7.2.1. Point-source pollution -- 7.2.2. Nonpoint-source pollution -- 8. Arsenic -- 9. Sources of arsenic in groundwater -- 10. Occurrences of arsenic in groundwater -- 11. Mobilization mechanisms of arsenic -- 12. Arsenic contamination in groundwater in India -- 13. Health effects -- 14. Remedial measures -- 14.1. Subsurface arsenic remedy -- 14.1.1. The SAR (subterranean arsenic removal) -- 14.2. Ex-situ arsenic remedy -- 14.3. Use of alternative water source -- 14.4. Tapping arsenic-free safe aquifers -- 14.4.1. Will the deep aquifers remain arsenic-free? -- 15. Conclusion -- 16. Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 11: Impact of mining on groundwater quality of India using indexing techniques and its assessment -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of indexing techniques for assessing water quality -- 2.1. Water quality index (WQI) -- 2.1.1. Effective weight percentage (Efi) -- 2.2. Heavy metal indexing -- 2.2.1. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) -- 2.2.2. Heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) -- 2.2.3. Contamination index (Cd). , 2.2.4. PCA-based metal index -- Non-standardized PCA metal index (NSPMI) -- Standardized PCA-based metal index (PMI) -- Water parameter index (WPI) -- 2.2.5. Modified heavy metal index -- Modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI) using fuzzy entropy weight method -- Heavy metal contamination index (HCI) for evaluating heavy metal contamination in groundwater -- 2.3. Calculation of risk assessment -- 2.3.1. Hazard quotient (HQ) -- 2.3.2. Hazard index (HI) -- 3. Impact assessment of mining on groundwater quality of India by indexing techniques -- 3.1. Coal mining -- 3.1.1. Brajrajnagar coal mining, Odisha -- 3.1.2. Jharia coalfields, Dhanbad, Jharkhand -- 3.1.3. Underground coal mines, Khliehriat, Jaintia hills district, Meghalaya -- 3.1.4. East Bokaro coalfield, Jharkhand -- 3.1.5. West Bokaro -- 3.1.6. North Karanpura -- 3.1.7. Coal mines in Sonebhadra and Singrauli districts, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh -- 3.1.8. Korba coalfield, Korba district, Chhattisgarh -- 3.1.9. Singrauli coal mining, Odisha -- 3.2. Copper mining -- 3.3. Limestone mining belt in the Sirmour district of Himachal Pradesh -- 3.4. Iron mining -- 3.4.1. Iron, steel industries and coal mining, Angul district, Odisha -- 3.4.2. Mining region Goa -- 3.4.3. Iron-ore mining, Odisha -- 4. Risk assessment of mining in India by hazard index and hazard quotient -- 4.1. Uranium mining -- 4.2. Coal mining -- 4.3. Copper mining -- 5. Conclusion and recommendations -- References -- Chapter 12: Recent scenario of agricultural contaminants on water resources -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nutrients -- 3. Pesticides -- 4. Heavy metals -- 5. Pathogens -- 6. Salts -- 7. Sediments -- 8. Organic matters -- 9. New generation pollutants -- 10. Conclusion -- 11. Recommendations -- References. , Chapter 13: Potential tools for identification of saltwater intrusion into the coastal aquifers: A case study from East C.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- Teaching English as a Second Language: Improving Digital Literacy Skills -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Findings -- 4 Methods -- 4.1 Contemporary Practices -- 5 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References: -- ICT-Based Collaborative Learning Approach: Enhancing Students' Language Skills -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Need of ICT in the Teaching and Learning Process -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Warm-Up -- 4.2 Student Roles -- 4.3 Grouping Students -- 4.4 Language Focused Task -- 4.5 Monitoring Groups -- 4.6 Collecting Responses Checking for Accuracy -- 4.7 Changing Roles -- 4.8 Listening Activity Through Audio Aids -- 4.9 Collecting Responses and Checking for Comprehension -- 4.10 Changing Roles Again -- 4.11 Solving the Mystery -- 4.12 Collecting Answers -- 4.13 Final Comprehension Check -- 4.14 Wrap Up -- 5 Data Collection Procedures -- 6 Results -- 6.1 Results for the Effectiveness of CL on Students' Integrating Language Skills Through Questionnaire Are as Follows -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Modified Sierpinski Carpet Fractal Antenna for the Wireless Applications -- 1 Overview -- 2 Design of Antenna -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Simulated and Experimental Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- COVID-19 Recovery Prediction Using Regression-Based Machine Learning Approaches -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods Used -- 2.1 Linear Regression (LR) -- 2.2 Ridge Regression -- 2.3 Elastic Net -- 2.4 Support Vector Regression -- 2.5 Decision Trees -- 2.6 Random Forests -- 2.7 Extra Trees -- 2.8 Deep Learning Multilayer Perceptron -- 3 Data and Methodology -- 3.1 Data Description -- 3.2 Data Preprocessing and Visualization -- 4 Methodology Used -- 4.1 Performance Metrics -- 5 Predictions and Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References. , Regression to Forecast: An In-Play Outcome Prediction for One-Day Cricket Matches -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background and Related Works -- 3 Proposed Metric to Quantify Player Quality -- 4 Form and Batting Resource of the Team -- 5 Model to Forecast Win Probability -- 6 Model Predictions and Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Analysis of OFDMA Over AWGN and Rician Channels -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Technique -- 2.1 OFDM with AWGN Channel -- 2.2 OFDMA with Rician Channel -- 3 System Development -- 3.1 Result Analysis -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Review on Internet of Wearable Things for Pervasive E-Health Care: Energy Efficiency and Prospects -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Background of IoWT -- 3.1 Requirements -- 3.2 Application Scenarios -- 4 Energy Efficiency Improving Schemes -- 4.1 Task-Offloading -- 4.2 Duty Cycling -- 4.3 Energy-Aware Routing -- 4.4 Low-Power Embedded Design -- 4.5 Low-Power Communications -- 4.6 Adaptive Transmission Power Control -- 4.7 Compressive Sensing -- 4.8 IoWT Data Compression -- 4.9 Approximate Computing -- 4.10 Lightweight Security -- 5 Key Challenges and Future Directions -- 5.1 Challenges -- 5.2 Future Directions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- An Analysis on Tesla's Stock Price Forecasting Using ARIMA Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 ARIMA Model -- 2.2 Performance Metrics -- 3 Experimental Results and Discussion -- 3.1 ARIMA Model for Tesla Stock Price -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Multi-regressions Based-Traditional Machine Learning Approach for Energy Forecasting System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 4 Result -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Comparative Study of Various Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Energy Prediction and Consumption Using IoT Modules -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Conclusion. , References -- Emulating SoCs for Accelerating Pre-Si Validation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 HW/SW Co-Design -- 3 Experimental Platform -- 4 Profiling -- 5 Implementation Flow -- 6 Simulation Time/Speed up for Benchmark Design -- 7 Results and Discussions -- References -- Optimization of Power Flow in DC Microgrid Connected to Electric Vehicle Charging Station -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Energy Management for EV Charging -- 3 System Description -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Static Hand Gesture Prediction Using Inception V3 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Static Hand Gesture Recognition System -- 3.1 ASL Data -- 3.2 Implementation -- 4 Result -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Evaluation on Radiation Exposure in Human Eye Tissue Model with IFA -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Specific Absorption Rate -- 1.2 Inverted F Antenna -- 2 Tissue Modeling and Experimental Setup -- 2.1 Modeling Background -- 2.2 Geometry and Dimensions of IFA -- 2.3 Dielectric Properties of Eye Tissues -- 3 Results and Validation -- 3.1 Operation Characteristics -- 3.2 Far field in 3D -- 3.3 Gain and Near Field -- 3.4 SAR Comparison -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Approach for Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining on Social Media Tweets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 4.1 Word-Level Sentiment Analysis -- 4.2 Querying Sentiment Words -- 4.3 Sentence-Level Sentiment Classification -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Cloud Control Cold Storage System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Implementation of Cloud Control Cold Storage System -- 3 Simulation -- 4 Hardware Implementation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Comparative Study of Neural Networks (G/C/RNN) and Traditional Machine Learning Models on EEG Datasets -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Literature Survey -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 EEG Datasets. , 2.2 Machine Learning Models -- 3 Result -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Artificial Intelligent Models for Automatic Diagnosis of Foetal Cardiac Anomalies: A Meta-Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background Study -- 3 Literature Review -- 3.1 Medical Literatures Suggesting Technological Interventions -- 3.2 Review of Articles Related to Diagnosing Diseases Using Machine Learning/Deep Learning and Ultrasound Scan Images -- 4 Methodology -- 4.1 Phase 1: Model for Preliminary Classification and Screening -- 4.2 Phase 2: Diagnostic Model -- 5 Results and Discussions -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- DLoader: Migration of Data from SQL to NoSQL Databases -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Relational Databases -- 3.2 NoSQL Databases -- 3.3 SQL to NoSQL Transformation -- 4 Experimentation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Maximum Boost Control of Quasi-Z-Source Inverter with DSTATCOM for a Wind Energy System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Operation of Maximum Boost Control of Single-Phase Enhanced Quasi-Z-Source -- 2.1 Wind Energy System -- 2.2 Enhanced Boost Quasi-Z-Source Inverter -- 2.3 DSTATCOM -- 3 Simulation Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Design and Development of Multi-copter Drone Incorporating with Multispectral Sensor for Agricultural Application -- 1 Introduction -- 2 AIMS and Objectives -- 3 UAV System and Payload Description -- 3.1 UAV Platform -- 3.2 Sensor Platform -- 4 Proposed Methodology -- 4.1 Study Area -- 5 Process of UAV Data Collection -- 6 UAV Data Processing -- 6.1 Multispectral Calibration Reflectance Panel for Radiometric Calibration -- 6.2 Creating Toolbox for Calculating Vegetation Indices -- 6.3 Data Processing -- 7 Results and Discussions -- 7.1 Vegetation Analysis for Different Vegetation Indices -- 8 Conclusion -- References. , Mitigation of RSSI Variations Using Frequency Analysis and Kalman Filtering -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Preliminary Study -- 3.1 RSSI -- 3.2 RSSI Filtering -- 4 System Design -- 5 Experiment and Analysis -- 5.1 Setup for Experiments -- 5.2 RSSI Fluctuation -- 5.3 Analysis of Various Filters -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Approach for High Authentication in Digital Watermarking Technique -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Survey -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Exploring the Impact of Indian Revenues During COVID-19 Using Social Network Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Methods -- 3 Related Work -- 4 Proposed Work -- 5 Observation and Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Fingerprint Image Enhancement for Crime Detection Using Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Image Pre-processing -- 3.2 Image Classification -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Semantic Segmentation of Retinal Vasculature Using Light Patch-Based Dilated CNN -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dataset -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Patched Input -- 3.2 Dilated Convolution -- 3.3 Light Patch-Based Network -- 4 Result and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Study on Tools and Frameworks for Mitigating Bias in Multimodal Datasets -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Need of Identifying Bias in Datasets -- 3 Tools and Frameworks for Mitigating Bias in Datasets -- 3.1 REVISE (REvealing VIsual BiaSEs) -- 3.2 FairML -- 3.3 IBM AI Fairness 360 -- 3.4 Accenture's "Teach and Test" Methodology -- 3.5 Google's What-If Tool -- 3.6 Microsoft's Fairlearn -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Machine Learning Framework for Stagewise Classification of Alzheimer's Disease -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Dataset. , 3.2 EDA (Univariate, Bivariate, Multivariate Analysis).

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Road Accident Detection and Indication System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Existing Models -- 3 Proposed Model -- 4 The Design of Vehicle Crash Alert System -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Attendance System Based on Face Recognition Using Haar Cascade and LBPH Algorithm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Definition -- 3 Proposed System -- 4 Dataset and Methodology -- 5 Results and Outcome -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Different Thresholding Techniques in Image Processing : A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Thresholding -- 2.1 Global Thresholding -- 2.2 Multi-thresholding -- 2.3 Adaptive Thresholding -- 3 Choosing a Thresholding Method -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Dynamic Weighting Selection for Predictive Torque and Flux Control of Industrial Drives -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Predictive Torque and Flux Control -- 3 Proposed Dynamic Weighting Factor Selection -- 4 Simulation Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Population Index and Analysis Based on Different Geographies -- Using Distance Measurement, Social Distancing, and Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 How is Social Distancing Efficient? -- 1.2 Social Distancing -- 2 Research Background and Relevant Work -- 2.1 Pedestrian Detection and Distance Measurement -- 2.2 Object Detection -- 2.3 Social Distancing for COVID-19 -- 3 Object Detection and Distance Measurement -- 3.1 Object Detection -- 3.2 Distance Measurement Between Detected Objects -- 4 Proposed Methodology -- 4.1 Stage I: Detecting Violators -- 4.2 Stage II: Finding Busy Hours -- 5 Experiment and Result Analysis -- 5.1 YOLO Outputs -- 5.2 Database of Violations -- 5.3 Busy Hours -- 5.4 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Future Scope -- References -- On the Discriminability of Samples Using Binarized ReLU Activations -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Contributions -- 2 Metrics Used in the Experimental Setup. , 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Influence of Number of Layers -- 3.2 Influence of Sample Size and Number of Training Labels -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning Approaches-A Survey -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Different Kinds of Learning -- 2.1 Supervised Machine Learning -- 2.2 Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithm -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Skin Cancer Classification Using Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Objectives -- 4 Existing System -- 5 Proposed Approach -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Crop Yield Prediction Using Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Idea -- 4 Data Flow Diagram -- 5 Training Specifications -- 6 Performance Evaluation -- 7 Experimental Results -- 8 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Real-Time Tweets Streaming and Comparison Using Naïve Bayes Classifier -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Definition -- 3 Literature Survey -- 4 Proposed Work -- 5 Conclusion and Future Enhancement -- References -- Smart Shopping Trolley for Billing System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Objective -- 4 Problem Statement -- 5 Proposed Architecture Design -- 6 Implementation and Results -- 7 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- A Survey on IoT Protocol in Real-Time Applications and Its Architectures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Functional Overview of IOT -- 2.1 Sensing -- 2.2 Communication -- 2.3 Computation -- 2.4 Analysis -- 3 Standards -- 3.1 Application Protocols -- 3.2 Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) -- 3.3 Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) -- 3.4 Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) -- 4 AMQP and MQTT Comparative Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Safe Characteristic Signature Systems with Different Jurisdiction Using Blockchain in E-Health Records -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Existing System. , 3 Proposed System -- 4 System Design -- 5 Flow Chart Diagram -- 6 Class Diagram -- 7 Modules Description -- 7.1 Admin -- 7.2 Admin Module -- 7.3 User Module -- 7.4 Auditor -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Web-Based Trash Segregation Using Deep Learning Algorithm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed System -- 3 Implementation -- 4 Analysis and Benefits of Proposed System -- 5 System Design and Flowcharts -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Future Enhancement -- References -- Home Automation Using Face Recognition for Wireless Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Bluetooth-Based IoT Home Automation System -- 2.2 Voice Recognition-Based IoT Home Automation -- 2.3 GSM-Based Home Automation System -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Hardware Components -- 3.2 Software Requirements -- 4 Implementation Details -- 5 Result -- 6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Hybrid-Network Intrusion Detection (H-NID) Model Using Machine Learning Techniques (MLTs) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology and Proposed Framework -- 3.1 Classification Algorithms Used -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Impact of Using Partial Gait Energy Images for Human Recognition by Gait Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Gait Energy Image (GEI) -- 3.3 Principal Component Analysis -- 3.4 Experimental Setup -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Several Routing Protocols, Features and Limitations for Wireless Mesh Network (WMN): A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Limitations and Features of WMNs -- 3.1 Limitations of WMNs -- 3.2 Features of WMNs -- 4 Preliminaries on Routing Protocols for WMNs -- 4.1 Hop Counting Routing Protocols -- 4.2 Link Level Routing Protocols -- 4.3 End-to-End QoS Routing Protocols -- 5 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References. , A Deep Meta-model for Environmental Sound Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Base Models -- 3.2 The Proposed Deep Meta-model -- 4 Experimental Evaluation -- 4.1 Dataset Used -- 4.2 Performance Measures Used for Evaluation -- 4.3 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Spatial Computing: Next Big Thing of Physical and Digital World -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Role of Spatial Computing in Various Fields -- 2.1 Industry -- 2.2 Manufacturing -- 2.3 Automotive Industry -- 3 Benefits of Spatial Computing -- 4 Difference Between Spatial Computing, Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) -- 5 Spatial Computing as a Digital Era -- 6 SAR Technology -- 7 Spatial Computing With IoT -- 8 Spatial Web Technology -- 9 Conclusion -- References -- Cloud Accessing Based on IOT Oriented WSNs for Optimal Water Conservation in Farming -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Proposed System for Irrigation with IoT -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- S-Extension Patch: A Simple and Efficient Way to Extend an Object Detection Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Similarity Threshold Check (Compatibility Check) -- 3.2 Compatible Classes Selection -- 3.3 Dual-Parallel Inference Technique -- 3.4 Technique with Trackers -- 3.5 Model Architectures -- 3.6 Training Environment -- 4 Experiments and Discussions -- 4.1 Dual-Parallel Inference Technique -- 4.2 Technique with Trackers -- 5 Future Works and Llimitations -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Roles and Impact of ASHA Workers in Combating COVID-19: Case Study Bhubaneswar -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Fund Allocation to Public Healthcare and Human Development Index -- 1.2 Health Status and Global Hunger Index of India -- 1.3 Role of Anganwadis and ASHA Workers -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Research Gap. , 4 Methodology -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Challenges and Requirements for Integrating Renewable Energy Systems with the Grid -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Grid Interconnection Stages -- 3 Requirements for Compliance with Grid Code -- 4 Analysis for Integration Challenges -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Design of Progressive Monitoring Overhead Water Tank -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Architectural Details of Proposed System -- 3 Proposed System -- 3.1 Raspberry Pi Zero W -- 3.2 Arduino Uno -- 3.3 Ultrasonic Sensor -- 3.4 Flow Sensor -- 3.5 Turbidity Sensor -- 3.6 TDS Sensor -- 3.7 PH Sensor -- 3.8 Motor and Motor Driver -- 3.9 Setup -- 4 Methodology -- 5 Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- An Anchor-Based Fuzzy Rough Feature Selection for Text Categorization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Brief Review of Concepts -- 2.1 Anchor Graph -- 3 Fuzzy Rough Feature Selection -- 4 Proposed Hybrid Anchor-Based Fuzzy Rough Feature Selection (ABFRFS) -- 5 Experimental Results -- 5.1 Dataset -- 6 Evaluation Metrics -- 7 Experiments and Analysis -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Fabric Variation and Visualization Using Light Dependent Factor -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 3 Documentation of LDR Sensor After Analysis -- 4 Procedure -- 5 Experimental Section -- 6 Block Diagram -- 7 Algorithm -- 8 Results -- 9 Conclusion -- 10 Future Scope -- References -- Pulse Rate Estimation with a Smartphone Camera Using Image Processing Algorithm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Threshold Calculation -- 2.2 Centroid Point Computation -- 2.3 Computation and Estimation of Pulse Rate -- 3 Simulated Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Multilayer Perceptron Based Early On-Site Estimation of PGA During an Earthquake -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Dataset -- 3 Data Munging -- 3.1 Feature Window Population. , 3.2 MLP-Based Back Propagation Neural Network (MLP-BPNN).

Anmerkung: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction, Vision, and Opportunities -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 E‐Waste -- 1.3 Outline -- References -- Chapter 2 e‐Waste Management and Practices in Developed and Developing Countries* -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Overview on WEEE Management and Practices -- 2.3 International WEEE Management and Transboundary Movement -- 2.4 WEEE Management and Practices - Developed and Developing Countries -- 2.5 Developed Countries -- 2.5.1 Switzerland -- 2.5.2 Japan -- 2.5.3 Australia -- 2.6 Developing Countries -- 2.6.1 Brazil -- 2.6.2 India -- 2.6.3 South Africa -- 2.6.4 Nigeria -- 2.6.5 Taiwan -- 2.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3 e‐Waste Transboundary Movement Regulations in Various Jurisdictions* -- 3.1 Background -- 3.2 International Legislation and Transboundary Movement -- 3.3 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) -- 3.4 Regulations in Various Jurisdictions -- 3.4.1 Europe -- 3.4.1.1 France -- 3.4.1.2 Germany -- 3.4.1.3 Switzerland -- 3.4.1.4 Norway -- 3.4.2 Americas -- 3.4.2.1 United States of America -- 3.4.2.2 Canada -- 3.4.2.3 Brazil -- 3.4.3 Asia -- 3.4.3.1 Japan -- 3.4.3.2 China -- 3.4.3.3 Taiwan -- 3.4.3.4 India -- 3.4.4 Africa -- 3.4.4.1 South Africa -- 3.4.4.2 Nigeria -- 3.4.5 Australia -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Approach for Estimating e‐Waste Generation -- 4.1 Background -- 4.2 Econometric Analysis -- 4.3 Consumption and Use/Leaching/Approximation 1 Method -- 4.4 The Sales/Approximation 2 Method -- 4.5 Market Supply Method -- 4.5.1 Simple Delay -- 4.5.2 Distribution Delay Method -- 4.5.3 Carnegie Mellon Method/Mass Balance Method -- 4.6 Time‐Step Method -- 4.7 Summary of Estimation Methods -- 4.8 Lifespan of Electronic Products -- 4.9 Global e‐Waste Estimation -- References. , Chapter 5 Materials Used in Electronic Equipment and Manufacturing Perspectives* -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Large Household Appliances (LHA) -- 5.3 Small Household Appliance (SHA) -- 5.4 IT and Telecommunications Equipment -- 5.4.1 Computers and Notebooks -- 5.4.2 Monitors and Screens -- 5.4.3 Mobile Phones (MP) -- 5.4.4 Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) -- 5.5 Photovoltaic (PV) Panels -- 5.6 Lighting Equipment -- 5.7 Toys, Leisure, and Sport -- 5.8 Future Trends in WEEE - Manufacturing, Design, and Demand -- References -- Chapter 6 Recycling Technologies - Physical Separation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Dismantling -- 6.3 Comminution/Size Reduction -- 6.3.1 Shredders -- 6.3.2 Hammer Mills -- 6.3.3 High‐Voltage Fragmentation -- 6.3.4 Knife Mills -- 6.3.5 Cryogrinding -- 6.4 Particle Size Analysis -- 6.5 Size Separation/Classification -- 6.5.1 Screening -- 6.5.2 Classification -- 6.5.2.1 Centrifugal Classifier -- 6.5.2.2 Gravitational Classifiers -- 6.6 Magnetic Separation -- 6.6.1 Low‐Intensity Magnetic Separators -- 6.6.2 High‐Intensity Magnetic Separators -- 6.7 Electrical Separation -- 6.7.1 Corona Electrostatic Separation -- 6.7.2 Triboelectric Separation -- 6.7.3 Eddy Current Separation -- 6.8 Gravity Separation -- 6.8.1 Jigs -- 6.8.2 Spirals -- 6.8.3 Shaking Tables -- 6.8.4 Zig‐Zag Classifiers -- 6.8.5 Centrifugal Concentrators -- 6.8.6 Dense Medium Separation (DM Bath/Cyclone) -- 6.9 Froth Flotation -- 6.10 Sensor‐Based Sorting -- 6.11 Example Flowsheets -- References -- Chapter 7 Pyrometallurgical Processes for Recycling Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Printed Circuit Boards -- 7.3 Pyrometallurgical Processes -- 7.3.1 Smelting -- 7.3.1.1 Copper‐Smelting Processes - Sulfide Route -- 7.3.1.2 Copper‐Smelting Processes - Secondary Smelters -- 7.3.1.3 Lead‐Smelting Processes. , 7.3.1.4 Advantages and Limitations of Smelting Processes -- 7.3.2 Electrochemical Processes -- 7.3.2.1 High‐Temperature Electrolysis -- 7.3.2.2 Low‐Temperature Electrolysis -- 7.3.3 Other Pyrometallurgical Operations Used in Electronic Waste Recycling -- 7.3.3.1 Roasting -- 7.3.3.2 Molten Salt Oxidation Treatment -- 7.3.3.3 Distillation -- 7.3.3.4 Pyrolysis -- References -- Chapter 8 Recycling Technologies - Hydrometallurgy -- 8.1 Background -- 8.2 Waste Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs) -- 8.3 Photovoltaic Modules (PV) -- 8.4 Batteries -- 8.5 Light‐Emitting Diodes (LEDs) -- 8.6 Trends -- References -- Chapter 9 Recycling Technologies - Biohydrometallurgy -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Bioleaching: Metal Winning with Microbes -- 9.3 Biosorption: Selective Metal Recovery from Waste Waters -- 9.3.1 Biosorption Via Metal Selective Peptides -- 9.3.2 Chelators Derived from Nature -- 9.4 Bioflotation: Separation of Particles with Biological Means -- 9.5 Bioreduction and Bioaccumulation: Nanomaterials from Waste -- 9.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 Processing of Nonmetal Fraction from Printed Circuit Boards and Reutilization -- 10.1 Background -- 10.2 Nonmetal Fraction Composition -- 10.3 Benefits of NMF Recycling -- 10.3.1 Economic Benefits -- 10.3.2 Environmental Protection and Public Health -- 10.4 Recycling of NMF -- 10.4.1 Physical Recycling -- 10.4.1.1 Size Classification -- 10.4.1.2 Gravity Separation -- 10.4.1.3 Magnetic Separation -- 10.4.1.4 Electrical Separation -- 10.4.1.5 Froth Flotation -- 10.4.2 Chemical Recycling -- 10.5 Potential Usage -- References -- Chapter 11 Life Cycle Assessment of e‐Waste - Waste Cellphone Recycling -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Background -- 11.2.1 Theory of Life Cycle Assessment -- 11.3 LCA Studies on WEEE -- 11.3.1 Applications on WEEE Management Strategy -- 11.3.2 Applications on WEEE Management System. , 11.3.3 Applications on Hazardous Potential of WEEE Management and Recycling -- 11.4 Case Study -- 11.4.1 Goal and Scope Definition -- 11.4.1.1 Functional Unit -- 11.4.1.2 System Boundary -- 11.4.2 Life Cycle Inventory -- 11.4.2.1 Formal Collection -- 11.4.2.2 Informal Collection -- 11.4.2.3 Mechanical Dismantling -- 11.4.2.4 Plastic Recycling -- 11.4.2.5 Screen Glass Recycling -- 11.4.2.6 Battery Disposal -- 11.4.2.7 Electronic Refining for Materials -- 11.4.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment -- 11.4.4 Results -- 11.4.4.1 Feature Phone Formal Collection Scenario -- 11.4.4.2 Feature Phone Informal Collection Scenario -- 11.4.4.3 Smartphone Formal Collection Scenario -- 11.4.4.4 Smartphone Informal Collection Scenario -- 11.4.5 Discussion -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Biodegradability and Compostability Aspects of Organic Electronic Materials and Devices -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.1.1 Technological Innovation and Waste -- 12.1.2 Eco‐friendliness -- 12.1.3 Organic Electronics -- 12.1.4 Opportunities for Green Organic Electronics -- 12.2 State of the Art in Biodegradable Electronics -- 12.3 Organic Field‐Effect Transistors (OFETs) -- 12.3.1 Fundamentals -- 12.3.2 Anthraquinone, Benzoquinone, and Acenequinone -- 12.3.3 Quinacridones -- 12.4 Electrochemical Energy Storage -- 12.4.1 Quinones -- 12.4.2 Dopamine -- 12.4.3 Melanins -- 12.4.4 Tannins -- 12.4.5 Lignin -- 12.5 Biodegradation in Natural and Industrial Ecosystems -- 12.5.1 Degradation and Biodegradation -- 12.5.2 Composting Process -- 12.5.3 Materials Half‐Life Under Composting Conditions -- 12.5.4 Biodegradation in the Environment -- 12.6 Microbiome in Natural and Industrial Ecosystems -- 12.6.1 The Ruminant-Hay Natural Ecosystem -- 12.6.2 The Termite-Wood Natural Ecosystem -- 12.6.3 The Industrial Composter-Biowaste Ecosystem -- 12.6.3.1 Municipal Composting Facility. , 12.6.3.2 Engineered Composting Facility -- 12.6.4 Specialized Inoculant Adapted to Organic Matter -- 12.6.5 Specialized Inoculant Adapted to Heavy Metals -- 12.7 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 13 Circular Economy in Electronics and the Future of e‐Waste -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Digitalization and the Need for Electronic Devices -- 13.3 Recycling and Circular Economy -- 13.4 Challenges for e‐Waste Recycling and Circular Economy -- 13.5 Drivers for Change - Circular Economy -- 13.6 Demand for Recyclable Products -- 13.7 Summary -- References -- Index -- EULA.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Matrix Games with Interval Payoffs -- 1.1 Matrix Games with Interval Payoffs -- 1.2 Existing Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Interval Payoffs -- 1.3 Literature Review of Matrix Game with Interval Payoffs -- 1.4 Arithmetic Operations over Intervals -- 1.5 Flaws of the Existing Methods -- 1.6 Invalidity of Existing Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Interval Payoffs -- 1.6.1 Existing Method to Obtain Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Interval Payoffs -- 1.6.2 Mathematically Incorrect Assumptions Considered in the Existing Method -- 1.7 Minimum and Maximum of Intervals -- 1.7.1 Minimum of Intervals -- 1.7.2 Maximum of Intervals -- 1.8 Proposed Gaurika Method -- 1.8.1 Minimum Expected Gain of Player I -- 1.8.2 Maximum Expected Loss of Player II -- 1.9 Numerical Examples -- 1.9.1 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Nayak and Pal -- 1.9.2 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Li et al. -- 1.10 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 2.1 Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 2.2 Preliminaries -- 2.2.1 Some Basic Definitions -- 2.2.2 Arithmetic Operations of Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers -- 2.2.3 Comparison of Fuzzy Numbers -- 2.3 Existing Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 2.4 Literature Review of Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 2.5 Flaws of the Existing Methods -- 2.6 Invalidity of Existing Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 2.7 Proposed Mehar Method -- 2.7.1 Minimum Expected Gain of Player I -- 2.7.2 Maximum Expected Loss of Player II -- 2.8 Numerical Example -- 2.8.1 Minimum Expected Gain of Player I -- 2.8.2 Maximum Expected Loss of Player II -- 2.9 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Constrained Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 3.1 Constrained Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs. , 3.2 Existing Mathematical Formulation of Constrained Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 3.3 Literature Review of Constrained Matrix Games with Fuzzy Payoffs -- 3.4 Flaws of the Existing Methods -- 3.5 Proposed Vaishnavi Method -- 3.5.1 Minimum Expected Gain of Player I -- 3.5.2 Maximum Expected Loss of Player II -- 3.6 Numerical Examples -- 3.6.1 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Li and Hong -- 3.6.2 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Li and Cheng -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 4.1 Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 4.2 Preliminaries -- 4.2.1 Basic Definitions -- 4.2.2 Arithmetic Operations over Trapezoidal Vague Sets -- 4.3 Existing Mathematical Formulation of Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 4.4 Literature Review of Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 4.5 Flaws of the Existing Methods -- 4.6 Proposed Ambika Methods -- 4.6.1 Ambika Method-I -- 4.6.2 Ambika Method-II -- 4.6.3 Ambika Method-III -- 4.6.4 Ambika Method-IV -- 4.7 Numerical Examples -- 4.7.1 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Nan et al. -- 4.7.2 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Li et al. -- 4.7.3 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Nan et al. -- 4.7.4 Existing Numerical Example Considered by Nan et al. -- 4.8 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Bimatrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 5.1 The Difference-Index Based Ranking Method -- 5.2 Maximum of Trapezoidal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers -- 5.3 Flaws in the Existing Mathematical Formulation of Bimatrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 5.3.1 Mathematical Formulation of Bimatrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 5.3.2 Mathematically Incorrect Assumption Considered by Li and Yang -- 5.4 Exact Solution of Bimatrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs. , 5.4.1 Exact Mathematical Formulation of Bimatrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Payoffs -- 5.4.2 Proposed Mehar Method -- 5.4.3 Convergence of the Proposed Mehar Method -- 5.5 Numerical Example -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Future Scope -- References.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Machine Learning-Based Project Resource Allocation Fitment Analysis System (ML-PRAFS) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Outlook -- 1.2 Purpose of the Research -- 1.3 Outline of the Proposed Model -- 1.4 Organizing of the Paper -- 2 AI-Based PMP -- 2.1 Effective Utilization of Resources -- 2.2 More Effective Planning -- 2.3 Effective Cost Management -- 2.4 Project Dynamics -- 3 Framework for the Proposed Model -- 3.1 Fundamental Elements of the Model -- 3.2 Metrics for the Models -- 3.3 Data Classifiers and Training Model -- 3.4 Algorithm for the Proposed Model -- 3.5 Datasets -- 4 Test Result Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Electric Theft Detection Using Unsupervised Machine Learning-Based Matrix Profile and K-Means Clustering Technique -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Methodology -- 2.1 Matrix Profile -- 2.2 K-Means Clustering Algorithm -- 2.3 Results and Discussion -- 3 Conclusion -- References -- Placement Analysis-A New Approach to Ease the Recruitment Process -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 2.1 PAT -- 2.2 Workable -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Future Scope -- References -- Continuous Assessment Analyzer Using Django -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Existing System -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 4 Result of the Interface and Functionality -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Future Scope -- References -- Fuzzy Logic in Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Problem Statement -- 1.2 Research Goal -- 1.3 Objective -- 1.4 Scope of the Project -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Battery -- 2.3 Fuzzy Logic Controller -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Battery -- 3.2 Proteus Simulation -- 3.3 MATLAB/Simulink Simulation -- 3.4 Fuzzy Logic Designer -- 3.5 Hardware Development -- 3.6 Box Storage for the Battery Energy Storage System. , 3.7 Battery Energy Storage System Flowchart -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with Conventional Sequential Algorithm -- 4.2 Results Using Conventional Sequential Algorithm -- 4.3 Fuzzy Logic in Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Fault Classification of Cooling Fans Using a CNN-Based Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Background -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 System Overview -- 3.2 Experimental Setup -- 3.3 Fault Classification Using Image Encoding and CNN -- 4 Results and Analysis -- 4.1 Application of Convolutional Neural Network -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Violence Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 2.1 Deep Learning -- 2.2 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) -- 2.3 The Previous Studies on Action Classification Frameworks -- 3 Research Methodology -- 4 Model Design and Development -- 5 Discussions and Result -- 5.1 Analysis on VGG19 Model -- 5.2 Analysis on MobileNetV2 Model -- 5.3 Analysis on InceptionResNetV2 Model -- 5.4 Comparison of Analysis Between VGG19, MobileNetV2, and InceptionResNetV2 -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Automated Grading of Citrus suhuiensis Fruit Using Deep Learning Method -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Methodology -- 2.1 Data Acquisition -- 3 Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- The Future of Car Automation Field with Smart Driverless Technologies -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Need -- 1.2 What Would Happen When the Whole City's Car and Transportation Become Driverless? -- 2 The Five Principles of Swarm Intelligence -- 3 Major Advance Work in Real-Time Top Autonomous Car's and Its Advance Features Areas -- 3.1 Mercedes-Benz F015 Luxury in Motion -- 3.2 Volvo Cars Unified Interface for Self-driving Cars -- 3.3 Tesla Autopilot. , 3.4 Google Self-driving Car -- 4 Artificial Intelligence System in Car Automation Field -- 5 IOI-Based Car Automation System -- 6 Limitation's with Self-driving Cars and Real Practical Actual Accidents till Now -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Diagnosis and Medicine Prediction for COVID-19 Using Machine Learning Approach -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Materials and Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset Used -- 3.2 Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Automated Guided Vehicle Robot Localization with Sensor Fusion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Experiments and Result -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Implementation of Industrial Automation Water Distribution System Utilizing PLC: A Laboratory Setup -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Automation by Programmable Logic Controller -- 3 Hardware Development -- 4 Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Control of Thin McKibben Muscles in an Antagonistic Pair Configuration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Thin McKibben Muscle Platform -- 3 Control Strategy of Thin McKibben Muscle Platform -- 4 Experimental Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Defect Severity Classification of Complex Composites Using CWT and CNN -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Signal Preprocessing Using Continuous Wavelet Transform -- 3 Classification Using Convolutional Neural Network -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Detection of Mobile Phone Usage While Driving Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Methodology -- 2.1 Image Acquisition -- 2.2 Data Preprocessing -- 2.3 Proposed Methodology -- 3 Experimental Results -- 3.1 Faster R-CNN Model Results -- 3.2 Performance Evaluation Between Existing Works and Proposed Work -- 4 Conclusion -- References. , Industry Revolution 4.0 Knowledge Assessment in Malaysia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Building Skills 4.0 Through University and Enterprise Collaboration (SHYFTE) -- 3 Industry Revolution 4.0 Knowledge Assessment Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 4.1 Vision of Digital Transformation and IR4.0 Technology Importance Assessment -- 4.2 IR4.0 Skills Assessment -- 4.3 IR4 Establishment and Willingness to Adopt -- 4.4 Technology Adoption -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Practical Approaches: User Stories Domain Prediction and Keyword Extraction for Insights -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Natural Language Processing -- 1.2 Natural Language Generation -- 1.3 Named Entity Recognition -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Practical Implementation on Domain Classification and Keyword Extraction -- 3.1 Data Collection -- 3.2 Algorithm Implementation -- 3.3 Keyword Extraction -- 3.4 API Building -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- An Improved Content-Based Image Retrieval System for Tomato Leaf Disease Classification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Pre-processing -- 2.2 Feature Extraction -- 2.3 Feature Combination -- 2.4 Disease Classification -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Implementation -- 3.2 Classification -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Plant Disease Identification Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Convolutional Neural Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 System Requirements -- 3.3 Experimental Setup -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Comparative Results -- 5 Conclusion and Scope of Further Study -- References -- Recognizing Art Style Automatically in Painting Using Convolutional Neural Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 The Proposed Framework -- 3.1 Model Explanation -- 3.2 Classification Loss Function -- 4 Experimental Results -- 4.1 Datasets -- 4.2 Experimental Analysis and Comparison -- 5 Conclusion. , References -- Depressive Bangla Text Detection from Social Media Post Using Different Data Mining Techniques -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Text Preprocessing -- 3.3 Feature Extraction Method -- 3.4 Supervised Learning and Classifier -- 4 Result Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Implementation of Optimized PID Controllers in Real Time for Magnetic Levitation System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Modeling of MAGLEV System -- 2.1 Brief Description of the MAGLEV Hardware Plant -- 2.2 Mathematical Model of the MAGLEV System -- 3 Optimized PID Design Algorithm -- 4 Simulation and Real-Time Results -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Anomalous Behavior Detection in Examination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Design of New Work -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- A Survey on DDoS Attacks from Compromised Devices to Enhance IoT Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Classification of DDoS Attacks -- 4 Appliance of DDoS Attacks -- 5 Artificial Intelligence in Identification of DDoS Attacks -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- A Study of Glaucoma Diagnosis Using Brain-Computer Interface Technology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Emerging Technology in Visual Field Test -- 3.1 Cambridge Glaucoma Visual Function Test -- 3.2 Visual Function Test Using Virtual Reality Goggle -- 3.3 Perimetry Analysis Using Tablet -- 3.4 Tablet Perimetry with Gaze Tracking -- 3.5 Visual Field Test Using Robot -- 4 How SSVEP-Based BCI Best for Glaucoma Diagnosis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Seafloor Habitat Mapping Using Machine Learning and Underwater Acoustic Sonar -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Data Collection -- 2.3 Data Processing -- 2.4 Machine Learning -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References. , Smart Irrigation for Enhanced Agriculture Production Using IoT.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 -- Biopolymers in Devices for Environmental Monitoring and Protection -- Abstract -- 1. Materials for Electronics and Photonics -- 1.1. Substrates and Insulators -- 1.2. Semi-Conductors -- 1.3. Conductors -- 1.4. Photonic Materials -- 2. Materials with Envisaged Use Both in Electronics and Photonics -- 3. Biopolymer-Based Materials for Preparing Components for RES and Batteries -- 3.1. membranes for Fuel Cells -- 3.2. solid Polymer Electrolyte System for Rechargeable Batteries -- 3.3. materials for Solar Cells Application -- 4. Biopolymer-Based Materials for Environment Monitoring Sensors -- 4.1. Chitosan -- 4.2. Other Polysaccharides -- 4.3. deoxyribonucleic Acid -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Biopolymers for in Vivo and in Vitro Controlled Drug Delivery -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Modification of Biopolymers -- 1.2. Modification of Chitosan -- 1.3. Modification of Alginate -- 1.3.1. Graft Polymerisation of Alginates -- 1.3.2. Acetylation of Alginates -- 1.3.3. Sulfation of Alginates -- 1.3.4. Phosphorylation of Alginates -- 1.3.5. Hydrophobic Modification of Alginates -- 1.3.6. Covalent Cross Linking of Alginates -- 1.3.7. Modification by Cell Signalling Molecule -- 1.3.8. Modification of Gelation -- 1.4. Application of Biopolymer -- 1.5. Application of Chitosan -- 1.6. Application of Alginate -- 1.7. Application of Gelatin -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Removal of Heavy Metal Ions by Adsorption through Biopolymers -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Effect of Different Heavy Metals on Environment -- 2.1. Copper -- 2.2. Cadmium -- 2.3. Lead -- 2.4. Arsenic -- 2.5. Mercury -- 3. Different Methods Used for the Removal of Heavy Metals -- 3.1. Chemical Precipitation -- 3.2. Solvent Extraction -- 3.3. Coagulation-Flocculation -- 3.4. Reverse Osmosis. , 3.5. Evaporation -- 3.6. Ultrafiltration -- 3.7. Electrodialysis -- 3.8. Flotation -- 3.9. Ion Exchange -- 3.10. Adsorption -- 3.11. Bioadsorption -- 3.11.1. Seaweeds -- 3.11.2. Alginate -- 3.11.3. Chitin and Chitosan -- 3.11.4. Chitosan/a-Alumina Composite -- 3.11.5. Manganese Copper Ferrite/Polymer (AA, MA, VA) Composite -- 3.11.6. Gum Tragacanth Based Biopolymer -- Concluding Remarks and Future Scope -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Biopolymer Drived Hydrogels and Their Diverse Applications: A Review -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Classification of Hydrogel Products -- 1.1.1. Classification Based on Source -- 1.1.2. Classification According to Polymeric Composition -- 1.1.3. Classification Based on Configuration -- 1.1.4. Classification Based on Type of Cross-Linking -- 1.1.5. Classification Based on Physical Appearance -- 1.1.6. Classification According to Network Electrical Charge -- 1.2. Hydrogel Product Sensitive to Environmental Conditions -- 1.3. Utilization of Hydrogel Products -- 1.4. Preparation of Hydrogels -- 1.4.1. Use of Crosslinkers -- 1.4.2. Use of Gelling Agent -- 1.4.3. Use of Irradiation and Freeze Thawing -- 1.4.4. Synthesis of Hydrogel in Industry -- 2. Characterization -- 2.1. Solubility -- 2.1.1. Method A -- 2.1.2. Method B -- 2.2. Swelling Measurement -- 2.2.1. Method A -- 2.2.2. Method B -- 2.2.3. Method C -- 2.3. FTIR -- 2.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) -- 2.5. Light Scattering -- 2.6. Other Techniques -- 3. Application of Hydrogels -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 -- Waste Derived Biochar Based Bio Nanocomposties: Recent Progress in Utilization and Innovations -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Biochar -- 1.2. Magnetic Biochar -- 2. Production of Biochar -- 2.1. From Agricultural Wastes -- 2.2. From Industrial Waste -- 2.3. From Household Waste -- 3. Modification of Biochar. , 3.1. Chemical Modification -- 3.2. Physical Modification -- 3.3. Slow Pyrolysis -- 3.4. Fast Pyrolysis -- 3.5. Gasification -- 4. Synthesis of Magnetic Biochar Based Material -- 4.1. In-situ Synthesis -- 4.2. Impregnation -- 4.3. Coating -- 5. Application as Adsorbent -- 5.1. Removal of Heavy Metals: Effects of Functional Groups and Mechanism -- 5.2. Removal of Dyes and Organic Pollutants: Factors and Mechanisms -- 6. Soil Enrichment and Detoxification -- 7. Porosity and Surface Area -- 8. Cation Exchange Capacity -- 9. Other Applications -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Naturally Occurring Biodegradable Polymers -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Biodegradable Polymers -- 1.2. Naturally Occurring Biodegradable Polymers -- 1.2.1. Starch -- 1.2.2. Cellulose -- 1.2.3. Pectin -- 1.2.4. Chitosan -- 1.2.5. Guar Gum -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 -- Progress from Composite Materials to Biocomposite Materials and Their Applications -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Classification of Composite Materials -- 2.1. Organic Matrix Composites (OMCs) -- 2.1.1. Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) -- 2.1.2. Carbon Carbon Composites -- 2.2. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) -- 2.3. Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) -- 2.3.1. Fibre Reinforced Composites (FRCs) -- 2.3.2. Laminar Composites -- 2.3.3. Particulate Composites -- 3. Biopolymer Based Composites -- 3.1. Starch Based Biocomposites -- 3.2. Pectin Based Biocomposites -- 3.3. Cellulose Based Biocomposites -- 3.4. Chitosan Based Biocomposites -- 3.5. Guargum Based Biocomposites -- 4. Applications of Biocomposite Materials -- 4.1. Environmental Protection -- 4.2. Optical Applications -- 4.3. Magnetic Applications -- 4.4. Biomedical Applications -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 8. , Biological Traits of Nanocomposites: Nanofertilizers, Nanopesticides, Anticancer and Antimicrobials -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Nanocomposites and Their Antimicrobial Activity -- Chitosan/Ag Nanocomposites -- Polyacrylic Acid/Silver Nanocomposite Hydrogels -- Polyaniline/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Ag Nanocomposites -- Copper-Polymer Nanocomposites -- Nanocomposite as a Potential Anticancer Agent -- Nanocomposite as a Potential Anticancer Agent -- Nanofertilizers and Nanopesticides -- References -- Chapter 9 -- Biobased-Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biopolymers -- 2.1. Polysaccharide Films -- 2.1.1. Applications of Polysaccharide Films -- 2.2. Protein Films -- 2.2.1. Applications of Protein-Based Films -- 3. Modification of Biopolymer Films towards Better Properties -- 3.1. Biopolymer Based Nanocomposites -- 3.1.1. Properties of Bio- Nanocomposite Films -- 3.1.1.1. Antimicrobial ability -- 3.1.1.2. Oxygen Inhibitors -- 4. Food Packaging Applications -- 5. Impression on Human Health -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 -- Natural Fibre Reinforced Biodegradable Composite Materials -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Natural Fibres -- 2.1. Classification of Natural Fibres -- 2.1.1. Animal Fibres -- 2.1.2. Mineral Fibres -- 2.1.3. Plant Fibres -- 2.2. Composition of Natural Fibres -- 2.3. Advantages of Natural Fibre -- 2.4. Limitations of Natural Fibres -- 2.5. Surface Modification of Natural Fibres -- 2.5.1. Graft Copolymerization -- 2.5.2. Chemical Methods -- 2.5.2.1. Alkaline Treatment -- 2.5.2.2. BenzoylationTreatment -- 2.5.2.3. SilaneTreatment -- 2.5.2.4. Acetylation Treatment -- 2.5.2.5. Isocyanate Treatment -- 2.5.2.6. Sodium Chlorite Treatment -- 2.5.2.7. Maleated Coupling Agents -- 2.5.2.8. Permanganate Treatment -- 2.5.2.9. Peroxide Treatment -- 3. Biodegradable Polymeric Materials. , 4. Natural Fibre Reinforced Biopolymer Based Composites -- References -- Chapter 11 -- Bio-Inspired Polymer Composites: Robust Biomedical Application Podium -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biopolymer Oriented Smart Drug Delivery Systems -- 3. Biopolymer-Nanocomposites for Drug Delivery -- 4. Situate Explicit or Selective Targeting -- 5. Biopolymer Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles -- 6. Magnetic Nanoferrites Based Hyperthermia -- 6.1. Nanoferrites as Fascinating Carrier for Targeted Drug Delivery -- 6.2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- 6.3. Functionalized Magnetic Nano-Ferrites in Bio-Sensing -- References -- Chapter 12 -- Biopolymer Modifications Using Ionic Liquids for Industrial and Environmental Applications -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biopolymers -- Pectin -- Chitosan -- Xylan -- Galactoglucomannan -- Lignin -- 3. Modification of Biopolymers -- Plasticization -- Physical blending -- 4. Need for Modification of Biopolymers -- 5. Ionic Liquids Modified Biopolymers -- Modification Types of Ionic Liquids -- Modification of Cellulose in Ionic Liquids -- Modification of Chitosan in Ionic Liquids -- 6. Synthetic Approaches of Modified Biopolymers -- Synthetic Approaches for Polymer-Protein Hybrid Structures -- 7. Applications of Biopolymers -- Medical Applications -- Agricultural Applications -- Packaging -- Cellulose-Based Packaging Materials -- Food Industry -- Environmental Applications -- 8. Environmental Benefits of Biopolymers -- Conclusion -- References -- Editor Contact Information -- Index -- Blank Page.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- 1 -- Graphene and Graphene/TiO2 Nanocomposites for Renewable Dye Sensitized Solar Cells -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Historical overview of DSSCs -- 2.1 Material Selection for DSSCs -- 3. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) -- 3.1 Electronic properties of rGO based bilayer systems -- 3.2 Thermal conductivity of rGO -- 3.3 Optical properties of rGO -- 3.4 Electrochemical performance of rGO -- 4. TiO2-rGO NC material -- 4.1 TiO2-rGO NC material's properties -- 4.2 Formation mechanism of TiO2-rGO NC material -- 4.4 Preparation of TiO2-rGO NC -- 4.4.1 Sol-Gel synthesis -- 4.4.2 Solution mixing synthesis -- 4.4.3 In-Situ growth synthesis -- 5. Conclusion -- 6. Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 -- Carbon Based Nanomaterials for Energy Storage -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Carbonaceous nanomaterials -- 2.1 Origin -- 2.2 Fullerenes -- 2.3 Carbon nanotubes -- 2.4 Graphene -- 2.5 Nitrogen doped carbon nanomaterial -- 2.6 Carbon gels -- 3. Energy storage system -- 3.1 Electrochemical storage system -- 3.1.1 Binder free electrodes -- 3.1.2 Super capacitors -- 3.1.3 Lithium-ion batteries -- 3.2 Nanomaterials as electrodes -- 3.3 Hydrogen storage system -- 3.4 Thermal energy storage -- 3.5 Nanomaterials as Fuel cells -- 3.6 Capture of carbondioxide and methane -- 4. Conclusion and future development -- References -- 3 -- Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Capped Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes and their Composites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and method -- 2.1 CNT -- 2.2 Polymer -- 2.3 Simulation strategy -- 3. Total potential energies and inter-atomic forces -- 4. Stiffness of SWCNTs -- 4.1 Modeling of SWCNTs -- 4.2 Geometry optimization -- 4.3 Dynamics -- 4.4 Mechanical properties -- 5. Results and discussion -- 6. Polymer/CNT Composites -- 6.1 Molecular model of polymer matrix -- 6.2 Elastic moduli of polymer. , 6.3 PMMA/CNT composite system -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- 4 -- Fullerenes and its Composites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fullerenes -- 2.1 Types of fullerenes -- 2.1.1 Nanotubes -- 2.1.2 Mega tubes -- 2.1.3 Bucky ball clusters -- 2.1.4 Polymers -- 2.1.5 Nano onion -- 2.1.6 Linked "ball and chain" dimers -- 3. Structure of fullerene -- 3.1 Bucky ball structure -- 3.2 Cylindrical structure -- 4. Synthesis -- 4.1 Arc discharge vaporization of graphite -- 4.2 Low - pressure Benzene/Oxygen diffusion flame method -- 4.3 Combustion process -- 4.4 Laser ablation -- 4.5 Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) -- 4.6 Chemical synthesis of fullerene -- 5. Properties -- 5.1 Physical properties -- 5.2 Size -- 5.3 Solubility -- 5.4 Chemical properties -- 5.5 Optical properties -- 5.6 Mechanical properties -- 5.7 Vibrational properties -- 5.8 Electrical properties -- 5.9 Magnetic properties -- 5.10 Lubricating properties -- 6. Composites of fullerenes -- 7. Applications -- 7.1 Fullerenes as wires -- 7.2 Medicinal applications -- 7.3 Fullerenes in organo photovoltaics -- 7.4 Fullerenes as hydrogen gas storage -- 7.5 Fullerenes as sensors -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 -- Graphene Oxide Composites and their Potential Applications -- 1. Supercapacitors or electrochemical capacitors -- 2. Lithium-ion batteries -- 3. Glucose sensors -- 4. H2O2 sensors -- 5. Photodegradation of organic pollutants -- 6. Cancer therapy -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment: -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- 6 -- Bioceramics, Carbonaceous Composite and its Biomedical Applications -- 1. Introduction (Types of implant materials) -- 1.1 Stainless Steel -- 1.2 Cobalt-Chromium Alloys -- 1.3 Titanium Alloys -- 1.4 Commercially Pure Titanium (CP Ti) -- 1.5 Tantalum -- 1.6 Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) -- 1.7 Ceramics -- 1.8 Composite Materials -- 1.9 Trabecular Metal. , 1.10 Bioabsorbable Materials -- 1.11 Silicone -- 2. Features of an ideal medical implants material -- 3. History of bioceramics origin -- 4. Bioceramics and its early uses -- 5. Overview of bioceramics applications -- 6. Subdivision of bioceramics -- 6.1 Bioinert -- 6.1.1 Alumina (Al2O3) -- 6.1.2 Zirconia (ZrO2) -- 6.2 Bioactive -- 6.2.1 Synthetic hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] -- 6.2.3 Bioactive glass (e.g. 45S5 Bioglass) -- 6.2.4 Apatite-wollastonite (A-W) glass-ceramic -- 6.3 Bioresorbable -- 6.4 Porous ceramics -- 7. Ceramic Materials for Artificial Joints -- 8. Coatings for medical implants -- 8.1 Carbon coating -- 8.2 Hydroxyapatite coating -- 9. Failure of metals used for biomedical devices -- 9.1 Corrosion -- 9.2 Fatigue and fracture -- 9.3 Wear -- 9.4 Metal ions release -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 -- Purification of Industrial Effluent by Ultrafiltration Ceramic Membrane based on Natural Clays and Starch Powder -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Characterization of the starting materials -- 2.1 Chemical composition of the powder -- 2.2 Particle size distribution (PSD) of the kaolin powder used in the tubular support elaboration -- 2.3 Phase identification -- 2.4 Thermal analysis -- 3. Support elaboration and characterization -- 3.1 Tubular porous support elaboration -- 3.2 Support characterization -- 4. Ultrafiltration layer deposition and characterization -- 4.1 Ultrafiltration layer deposition -- 4.2 Characterization of the slip -- 4.3 Membrane characterization -- 4.3.1 SEM analysis and pore size distribution -- 4.3.2 Water permeability -- 5. Application to the treatment of the industrial wastewater -- 5.1 Wastewater characteristics -- 5.2 Ultrafiltration treatment -- 5.3 Wastewater characterization -- 5.4 Membrane regeneration -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 -- Environmental Detoxification Using Carbonaceous Composites. , 1. Introduction -- 2. Carbon based materials -- 2.1 Fullerenes -- 2.2 Carbon Nanotubes -- 2.3 Graphene based material -- 3. Engineered carbon nanomaterials (ECNM) -- 4. Removal of ionic pollutants -- 5. Removal of organic pollutants -- 6. Removal of air pollution -- 7. Properties -- 8. Photocatalysis and sorbents -- 9. Carbonaceous nanomaterials as sorbents -- 10. Composite filters -- 11. Renewable energy -- 12. Antimicrobials agents -- 13. Sensor based on carbon nanomaterials -- Conclusion -- References -- 9 -- Recent Innovation and Advances in Utilization of Graphene Oxide Based Photocatalysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Graphene oxide (GO) -- 2.1 Synthesis of GO from graphite powder/flakes -- 3. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) -- 3.1 RGO synthesis -- 3.2 Thermal reduction -- 3.3 Chemical reduction -- 3.4 Photoreduction of GO -- 3.5 Solvothermal method -- 3.6 Green reduction strategies -- 4. Chemical modification or functionalization -- 5. Utilization and application of GO and RGO -- 5.1 Role in photocatalysis -- 5.2 Role of GO/RGO in the photocatalytic hydrogen generation and oxidation reduction processes -- 6. Mode of biomedical application -- 7. Future perspective and exploration -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- 10 -- A Critical Review on Spectroscopic Characterization of Sustainable Nanocomposites Containing Carbon Nano Fillers -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Carbon nano-fillers -- 1.2 Polymer nanocomposites -- 2. Characterization of nanomaterials -- 2.1 X-ray diffraction -- 2.2 Raman spectroscopy -- 2.3 Scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy -- 2.3.1 Principle of scanning tunneling microscopy -- 2.3.2 Transmission electron microscopy -- 2.3.3 Examples of STM and TEM -- 2.4 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy -- 2.4.1 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. , 2.4.2 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy -- 2.4.3 Examples of measurements of XPS and FTIR -- 2.5 UV-Visible spectroscopy -- 2.6 Other techniques -- 3. Future trend -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 -- Biochar and its Composites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biochar structure and composition -- 3. Biomass conversion methodology -- 4. Biochar production -- 4.1 Pyrolysis -- 4.2.1 Materials required for pyrolysis process -- 4.2.2 Working principle -- 4.2.3 Factors influencing the process of pyrolysis -- 4.3 Biomass gasification -- 4.3 Hydrothermal carbonisation -- 5. Biochar characterization -- 5.1 Physical characterization -- 5.2 Chemical characterization -- 6. Biochar composites -- 7. Environmental impacts of biochar -- 8. Applications -- 8.1 Biochar as sorbents -- 8.2 Biochar in agriculture -- 8.3 Carbon sequestration -- Conclusion -- References -- back-matter -- Keyword Index.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Contents -- Artificial Neural Network and Partial Pattern Recognition to Detect Malware -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Signature-Based Malware Detection -- 2.2 Behavior-Based Malware Detection -- 2.3 Heuristic-Based Malware Detection -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Opcode Extraction -- 3.2 Feature Selection -- 3.3 Constructing Feature Vector -- 3.4 Feature Classifier -- 3.5 Training the Model -- 3.6 Testing -- 4 Dataset Used -- 5 Results -- References -- Epidemiology and Forecasting of Cholera Incidence in North India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Data Collection -- 2.2 Application of Software Used for Data Analysis -- 2.3 Methods -- 3 Epidemiological Features -- 3.1 Agent -- 3.2 Mode of Transmission (Vibrio) -- 3.3 Environmental Factors -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Novel Approach for Improving Routing Efficiency and Minimizing Propagation Mean Delay for DADCQ Protocol in VANET -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Literature Review -- 2 Application Distance Method for 1D and 2D Networks -- 2.1 Analysis of Spatial Distribution in VANET -- 2.2 Adaption of Node Distribution Pattern for 1D and 2D Uniform Distributions -- 3 Reduction of Fading and It's Analysis in the Network -- 4 Design of Quadrant-Based Threshold -- 5 Analysis of Routing Efficiency and It's Improvement for DADCQ Protocol in VANET -- 6 Analysis and Minimizing Mean Delay for DADCQ Under Eavesdropping and DDoS Attacks -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Human Computer Interaction as a Mode of Improvement in Human Lifestyle -- References -- New Fast and Efficient Techniques for Image Denoising Using VQ, PCA, SVD, Soft Thresholding and Wiener Filter -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Proposed Techniques -- 2.1 Vector Quantization -- 2.2 PCA -- 2.3 PCA for Denoising -- 2.4 SVD -- 2.5 Soft Thresholding [15, 16] -- 2.6 Wiener Filter [17]. , 3 Results and Analysis -- 4 Complexity Analysis of Proposed LBGPCASTW and LBGSVDSTW with LPGPCA -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Elicitation and Analysis of Security Requirements and Patterns for IoT Based Health Monitor -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Design and Functioning of Health Monitor Using IOT -- 4 Security Requirements Elicitation -- 5 Identification of Security Requirement Patterns for Security in Requirements Phase -- 6 Security Requirements Patterns Analysis and Its Impact on Security Objectives of IoT Health Monitor -- 7 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Classification of Remote Sensing Images Based on K-Means Clustering and Artificial Bee Colony Optimization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Classification Methods -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Internet of Things and Its Applications: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Elements of IoT -- 4 Framework-Architecture -- 5 Analysis, Monitoring, and Reporting -- 6 Case Studies-Applications -- 7 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References -- Smart KYC Using Blockchain and IPFS -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 IPFS -- 1.2 DLT -- 2 Present Versus Proposed System -- 3 Proposed Architecture -- 3.1 Document Submission -- 3.2 Notary Verification -- 3.3 Third Party Verification -- 4 Benefits of the System -- 5 Future Aspects -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Lexical Analysis and Mathematical Modelling for Analysing Depression Detection of Social Media Reviews -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Study -- 3 Our Proposed Model -- 4 Result Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Future Enhancement -- References -- Application of Neural Networks and Lifting Wavelet Transform for Long Term Solar Radiation Power Prediction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of Basics -- 2.1 Recurrent Neural Networks -- 2.2 Wavelet Transforms. , 2.3 Construction of Second Generation Wavelets (Lifting Scheme) [7] -- 2.4 Multi-resolution Analysis (MRA) [18] -- 3 Construction of Lifting Wavelet Transform -- 4 Experiment -- 4.1 Solar Radiation Prediction with Neural Networks -- 4.2 Modeling of NARX Neural Network -- 4.3 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Modeling Sustainable Mobility Using Fuzzy Logic: An Application to Selected Indian States -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Development of Sustainable Mobility Indicators -- 2.2 Normalization, Weighting and Mathematical Integration -- 2.3 Integrating the Sub-indices with Fuzzy Logic -- 3 Study Areas and Data Collection -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Shravya-A Framework for Enunciation of Sanskrit Shlokas and Phrases -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 2.1 Sandhi Vicched -- 2.2 Enunciation-Shloka Generation -- 3 Shravya -- 3.1 Sandhi Vicched Module -- 3.2 Shloka Audio Generation -- 3.3 Training -- 3.4 Esting -- 4 Conclusion -- 5 Future Scope -- References -- Energy-Efficiency in WSN Based on SCMC Protocol -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Proposed System Architecture -- 3.2 Proposed Design Goal -- 3.3 Dynamic Cluster Formation -- 4 Experimental Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Extending Bidirectional Language Model for Enhancing the Performance of Sentiment Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Work -- 3.1 Word Embedding Using Bidirectional Language Model -- 3.2 Sentiment Analysis Approach -- 4 Result Analysis -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Energy-Efficiency Driven Strategy for Resource Aggregation Based on Future Resource-Usage Inference in a Cloud Computing Environment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Problem Formulation -- 4 Proposed Model -- 5 Implementation Details -- 6 Evaluation with Assessment. , 6.1 Simulation Details -- 6.2 Result Analysis -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- A Comparison of Deep Learning Algorithms for Plant Disease Classification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Survey -- 2.1 Dataset -- 3 Model Architecture -- 3.1 LeNet -- 3.2 AlexNet -- 3.3 Inception V3 -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Active Learning Using Margin Sampling Strategy for Entity Recognition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Corpus Details -- 4 Feature Extraction and Classifier Used -- 5 Active Learning Algorithm Steps -- 6 Result and Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Design of QoS and Energy Efficient VM Consolidation Framework for Cloud Data Centers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 CloudSim VM Consolidation -- 4 Proposed VM Consolidation System -- 4.1 Novel Load Detection Algorithm -- 4.2 VM Selection Algorithm -- 4.3 PSO Based VM Placement -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Cyberbullying Detection on Multiple SMPs Using Modular Neural Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Model -- 3.1 Dataset Preprocessing -- 3.2 Architecture -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Lightweight Two-factor Authentication Protocol and Session Key Generation Scheme for WSN in IoT Deployment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Revisiting Amin and Biswas's Algorithm -- 4 Proposed Protocol -- 4.1 System Setup and Initialization Phase -- 4.2 User Registration Phase -- 4.3 Login Phase -- 4.4 Authentication and Session Key Generation Phase -- 5 Analysis of the Proposed Protocol -- 5.1 Prevents All Session Hi-Jacking Due to Sensor Capture Attack -- 5.2 Preventing Gateway Impersonation Attack [23, 27] -- 5.3 Avoiding Sensor Node Impersonation Attack [27] -- 6 Conclusion and Future Scope -- References. , An Empirical Evaluation of Correlation Based Feature Selection for Tweet Sentiment Classification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Evaluation Methods and Model -- 2.1 Dataset -- 2.2 Data Preprocessing -- 2.3 Feature Selection Methods -- 2.4 Sentiment Classification -- 3 Experimental Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Automatic Traffic Sign Detection and Classification of Indian Traffic Signage's Based on Multi-feature Fusion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Preprocessing and Segmentation -- 3.2 Feature Extraction Methods -- 3.3 Feature Fusion -- 3.4 Classification -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Extended Local Ternary Pattern for Face Anti-spoofing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Proposed Method -- 3.1 Spoofing Detection Using ELTP -- 4 Results and Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Enhancing Data Security in Cloud Computing Using Threshold Cryptography Technique -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Statement -- 3 Literature Survey -- 3.1 Existing Systems -- 3.2 Proposed System -- 4 Objectives -- 5 Methodology and Assumptions -- 6 Implementation -- 7 Security and Performance Analysis -- 7.1 Data Confidentiality -- 7.2 Entity Authentication -- 7.3 Data Integrity -- 7.4 Data Access Control -- 7.5 Performance Analysis -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Multi-resolution Hierarchical Clustering by Vector Quantization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principles and Methodology -- 2.1 The Proposed Clustering Algorithm for Vector Quantization -- 2.2 Complexity Analysis -- 3 Multi-resolution Clustering -- 4 Experiment and Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Certificate Verification System Using Blockchain -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Blockchain -- 1.2 Ethereum -- 1.3 Smart Contract -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Proposed System -- 3.1 Process -- 4 Conclusion -- References. , IoT Based Automatic Plant Watering System Through Soil Moisture Sensing-A Technique to Support Farmers' Cultivation in Rural India.