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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DP-Kmeans and Beyond: Optimal Clustering with a new Clustering Validity Index
    Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. ; 2022
    In:  電腦學刊 Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. 001-017
    Details
    In: 電腦學刊, Angle Publishing Co., Ltd., Vol. 33, No. 5 ( 2022-10), p. 001-017
    Abstract: 〈p〉The K-means clustering algorithm is widely used in many areas for its high efficiency. However, the performance of the traditional K-means algorithm is very sensitive to the selection of initial clustering centers. Furthermore, except the convex distributed datasets, the traditional K-means algorithm still cannot optimally process many non-convex distributed datasets and datasets with outliers. To this end, this paper proposes the DP-Kmeans, an improved K-means algorithm based on the Density Parameter and center replacement, which can be more accurate than the traditional K-means by dropping the random selection of the initial clustering centers and continuous updating of the new centers. Due to the unsupervised learning feature, the number of clusters and the quality of data partitions generated by the clustering algorithm cannot be guaranteed. In order to evaluate the results of the DP-Kmeans algorithm, this paper proposes the SII, a new clustering validity index based on the Sum of the Inner-cluster compactness and the Inter-cluster separateness. Based on the DP-Kmeans algorithm and the SII index, a new method is proposed to determine the optimal clustering numbers for different datasets. Experimental results on ten datasets with different distributions demonstrate that the proposed clustering method is more effective the existing ones. 〈/p〉 〈p〉 〈/p〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1991-1599 , 1991-1599
    Uniform Title: DP-Kmeans and Beyond: Optimal Clustering with a new Clustering Validity Index
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53106/199115992022103305001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Angle Publishing Co., Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New insights into the alkoxy effects on auxiliary adsorption and inhibiting charge recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells with high open circuit voltage: a theoretical investigation
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ; 2023
    In:  Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 2023), p. 8532-8543
    Details
    In: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 2023), p. 8532-8543
    Abstract: Although introducing an alkoxy group is one of the most popular methods to suppress the interfacial charge recombination process of dye-sensitized solar cells, understanding of its effects is still limited and a microscopic picture of the alkoxy effects is lacking. Two ullazine dyes with distinct alkoxy chains at the donor part are used to investigate the effects of the alkoxy group on the adsorption, dye aggregation and charge recombination process in our study. Different from the usual assumption, we find that alkoxy chains can not only play a shielding role, but can also assist dye adsorption and inhibit the charge recombination process more effectively by covering the TiO 2 surface. We also find that the existence of alkyl chains can well inhibit the aggregation of dyes and reduce intermolecular electron transfer. Furthermore, an important structural feature at the interface, the Ti–O interaction between the oxygen atom of the alkoxy group and the Ti atom of the surface is also found to contribute substantially to the interface stability. New insights into the effects of the alkoxy group on auxiliary adsorption and inhibiting charge recombination through reducing the recombination sites pave the way for rational design of sensitizers with high performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1463-9076 , 1463-9084
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1039/D2CP04867A
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476283-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476244-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1460656-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The MING proposal at SHINE: megahertz cavity enhanced X-ray generation
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Nuclear Science and Techniques Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Details
    In: Nuclear Science and Techniques, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2023-01)
    Abstract: The cavity-based X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) has promise in producing fully coherent pulses with a bandwidth of a few meV and very stable intensity, whereas the currently existing self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) XFEL is capable of generating ultra-short pulses with chaotic spectra. In general, a cavity-based XFEL can provide a spectral brightness three orders of magnitude higher than that of the SASE mode, thereby opening a new door for cutting-edge scientific research. With the development of superconducting MHz repetition-rate XFEL facilities such as FLASH, European-XFEL, LCLS-II, and SHINE, practical cavity-based XFEL operations are becoming increasingly achievable. In this study, megahertz cavity enhanced X-ray generation (MING) is proposed based on China’s first hard XFEL facility - SHINE, which we refer to as MING@SHINE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1001-8042 , 2210-3147
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s41365-022-01151-6
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2238719-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Flexible neuromorphic transistors and their biomimetric sensing application
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 71, No. 14 ( 2022), p. 147301-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 71, No. 14 ( 2022), p. 147301-
    Abstract: Biological perception system has the unique advantages of high parallelism, high error tolerance, self-adaptation and low power consumption. Using neuromorphic devices to emulate biological perceptual system can effectively promote the development of brain-computer interfaces, intelligent perception, biological prosthesis and so on. Compared with other neuromorphic devices, multi-terminal neuromorphic transistors can not only realize signal transmission and training learning at the same time, but also carry out nonlinear spatio-temporal integration and collaborative regulation of multi-channel signals. However, the traditional rigid neuromorphic transistor is difficult to achieve bending deformation and close fit with the human body, which limits the application range of neuromorphic devices. Therefore, the research of flexible neuromorphic transistor with good bending characteristics has become the focus of recent research. Firstly, this review introduces the research progress of many kinds of flexible neuromorphic transistors, including device structure, working principle and basic functions. In addition, the application of the flexible neuromorphic transistor in the field of bionic perception is also introduced. Finally, this review also gives a summary and simple prospect of the above research fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.71.20220308
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evolvement law of a macroscopic traffic model accounting for density-dependent relaxation time
    World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd ; 2017
    In:  Modern Physics Letters B Vol. 31, No. 31 ( 2017-11-10), p. 1750291-
    Details
    In: Modern Physics Letters B, World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd, Vol. 31, No. 31 ( 2017-11-10), p. 1750291-
    Abstract: In this paper, a modified macroscopic traffic flow model is presented. The term of the density-dependent relaxation time is introduced here. The relation between the relaxation time and the density in traffic flow is presented quantitatively. Besides, a factor R depicting varied properties of traffic flow in different traffic states is also introduced in the formulation of the model. Furthermore, the evolvement law of traffic flow with distinctly initial density distribution and boundary perturbations is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0217-9849 , 1793-6640
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1142/S0217984917502918
    RVK:
    UA 5534.B
    Language: English
    Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Box-Behnken Response Surface Method to Optimize Amine Liquid Purification Process Based on Ion Exchange
    International Science Group Inc. ; 2023
    In:  World Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering
    Details
    In: World Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, International Science Group Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.57237/j.wjese
    DOI: 10.57237/j.wjese.2023.01.004
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Science Group Inc.
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lycojapomines A–E: Lycopodium Alkaloids with Anti-Renal Fibrosis Potential from Lycopodium japonicum
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2022
    In:  Organic Letters Vol. 24, No. 25 ( 2022-07-01), p. 4684-4688
    Details
    In: Organic Letters, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 24, No. 25 ( 2022-07-01), p. 4684-4688
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1523-7060 , 1523-7052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01877
    RVK:
    VA 6250
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501522-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The DIRECT consortium and the REST-meta-MDD project: towards neuroimaging biomarkers of major depressive disorder
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychoradiology Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-06-09), p. 32-42
    Details
    In: Psychoradiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2022-06-09), p. 32-42
    Abstract: Despite a growing neuroimaging literature on the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), reproducible findings are lacking, probably reflecting mostly small sample sizes and heterogeneity in analytic approaches. To address these issues, the Depression Imaging REsearch ConsorTium (DIRECT) was launched. The REST-meta-MDD project, pooling 2428 functional brain images processed with a standardized pipeline across all participating sites, has been the first effort from DIRECT. In this review, we present an overview of the motivations, rationale, and principal findings of the studies so far from the REST-meta-MDD project. Findings from the first round of analyses of the pooled repository have included alterations in functional connectivity within the default mode network, in whole-brain topological properties, in dynamic features, and in functional lateralization. These well-powered exploratory observations have also provided the basis for future longitudinal hypothesis-driven research. Following these fruitful explorations, DIRECT has proceeded to its second stage of data sharing that seeks to examine ethnicity in brain alterations in MDD by extending the exclusive Chinese original sample to other ethnic groups through international collaborations. A state-of-the-art, surface-based preprocessing pipeline has also been introduced to improve sensitivity. Functional images from patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia will be included to identify shared and unique abnormalities across diagnosis boundaries. In addition, large-scale longitudinal studies targeting brain network alterations following antidepressant treatment, aggregation of diffusion tensor images, and the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuromodulation approaches are underway. Through these endeavours, we hope to accelerate the translation of functional neuroimaging findings to clinical use, such as evaluating longitudinal effects of antidepressant medications and developing individualized neuromodulation targets, while building an open repository for the scientific community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2634-4416
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkac005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3076092-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving bowel preparation for colonoscopy with a smartphone application driven by artificial intelligence
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  npj Digital Medicine Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-03-14)
    Details
    In: npj Digital Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2023-03-14)
    Abstract: Optimal bowel preparation is a prerequisite for a successful colonoscopy; however, the rate of inadequate bowel preparation remains relatively high. In this study, we establish a smartphone app that assesses patient bowel preparation using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction system trained on labeled photographs of feces in the toilet and evaluate its impact on bowel preparation quality in colonoscopy outpatients. We conduct a prospective, single-masked, multicenter randomized clinical trial, enrolling outpatients who own a smartphone and are scheduled for a colonoscopy. We screen 578 eligible patients and randomize 524 in a 1:1 ratio to the control or AI-driven app group for bowel preparation. The study endpoints are the percentage of patients with adequate bowel preparation and the total BBPS score, compliance with dietary restrictions and purgative instructions, polyp detection rate, and adenoma detection rate (secondary). The prediction system has an accuracy of 95.15%, a specificity of 97.25%, and an area under the curve of 0.98 in the test dataset. In the full analysis set ( n  = 500), adequate preparation is significantly higher in the AI-driven app group (88.54 vs. 65.59%; P   〈  0.001). The mean BBPS score is 6.74 ± 1.25 in the AI-driven app group and 5.97 ± 1.81 in the control group ( P   〈  0.001). The rates of compliance with dietary restrictions (93.68 vs. 83.81%, P  = 0.001) and purgative instructions (96.05 vs. 84.62%, P   〈  0.001) are significantly higher in the AI-driven app group, as is the rate of additional purgative intake (26.88 vs. 17.41%, P  = 0.011). Thus, our AI-driven smartphone app significantly improves the quality of bowel preparation and patient compliance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2398-6352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00786-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2925182-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_1.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Endocrinology Vol. 14 ( 2023-7-11)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Endocrinology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-7-11)
    Abstract: This prospective cohort study was aimed at investigating the associations between cord blood metabolic factors and early-childhood growth, further elucidating the relationships between cord blood metabolites and overweight and obesity in early life. Methods A total of 2,267 pairs of mothers and offspring were recruited in our study. Cord blood plasma was assayed for triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), C-peptide, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C (HbA1c) levels. Data of anthropometric measurements were collected from offspring at birth, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the correlations between cord blood metabolic factors and weight Z-scores, body mass index (BMI) Z-scores, and weight gains at the early stage of life. Forward stepwise logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the associations between cord blood metabolic factors and early-childhood overweight and obesity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were applied to determine the optimal cutoff points for cord blood metabolic factors in predicting early-childhood overweight and obesity. Results After adjustments for covariates, cord blood TG concentrations and TG/TC ratios were negatively associated with weight Z-scores from birth to 18 months. Cord blood C-peptide and HbA1c levels were inversely associated with weight Z-scores at 6 months and 18 months. Cord blood TG concentrations and TG/TC ratios were negatively correlated with BMI Z-scores up to 18 months. Cord blood C-peptide levels and HbA1c levels were inversely correlated with BMI Z-scores at 18 months. Cord blood TG, TG/TC ratios, C-peptide, and HbA1c had negative correlations with weight gains from birth to 6 months, but the correlations attenuated as time went on. Increase in cord blood TG and HbA1c levels and TG/TC ratios were significantly associated with decreased risks of overweight and obesity at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Conclusions Cord blood metabolic factors were significantly associated with early-childhood growth patterns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-2392
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164747
    DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164747.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2592084-4
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