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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reply [to “Comment on ‘A note on the recent natural gradient tracer test at the Borden site’ by R. L. Naff, T.‐C. Jim Yeh, and M.W. Kemblowski”]
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 1989-12), p. 2523-2525
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 1989-12), p. 2523-2525
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/WR025i012p02523
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bacteriophage and microsphere transport in saturated porous media: Forced‐gradient experiment at Borden, Ontario
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1997
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 1997-04), p. 639-648
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 1997-04), p. 639-648
    Abstract: A two‐well forced‐gradient experiment involving virus and microsphere transport was carried out in a sandy aquifer in Borden, Ontario, Canada. Virus traveled at least a few meters in the experiment, but virus concentrations at observation points 1 and 2.54 m away from the injection well were a small fraction of those injected. A simplified planar radial advection‐dispersion equation with constant dispersivity, coupled with equilibrium and reversible first‐order mass transfer, was found to be adequate to simulate the attachment and transport process. During the experiment a short‐duration injection of high‐ p H water was also made, which caused detachment of previously attached viruses. For simulating this detachment and associated transport, the same transport and mass‐ transfer equations were used; but all rate parameters were varied as groundwater p H changed from 7.4 to 8.4 and then back to 7.4. The physicochemical parameters obtained from fitting breakthrough curves at one sampling well were used to predict those at another well downstream. However, laboratory‐determined parameters overpredicted colloid removal. The predicted pattern and timing of biocolloid breakthrough was in agreement with observations, though the data showed a more‐disperse breakthrough than expected from modeling. Though clearly not an equilibrium process, retardation involving a dynamic steady state between attachment and detachment was nevertheless a major determinant of transport versus retention of virus in this field experiment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/97WR00025
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effectiveness of hydraulic tomography: Sandbox experiments
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2002
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2002-04)
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 38, No. 4 ( 2002-04)
    Abstract: Two sandbox experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of a sequential geostatistical inverse approach for hydraulic tomography in characterizing aquifer heterogeneity. One sandbox was packed with layered sands to represent a stratified aquifer, while the other was packed with discontinuous sand bodies of different shapes and sizes to represent a more complex and realistic heterogeneous aquifer. Parallel to the sandbox experiments, numerical experiments were conducted to assess the effects of measurement errors and uncertainties associated with laboratory data, and to diagnose the hydraulic conductivity estimates obtained from sandbox experiments. Results of this study show that our sequential inverse approach works well under realistic conditions, in spite of measurement errors and uncertainties associated with pumping rates, boundary conditions, pressure head measurements, and other parameters required by our model. The tomography was found to be ineffective if abundant head measurements were collected at closely spaced intervals in a highly stratified aquifer. On the other hand, it was found to be beneficial when pressure head measurements were limited and the geological structure was discontinuous.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2001WR000338
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comment on “Modeling of scale‐dependent dispersion in hydrogeologic systems” by J. F. Pickens and G. E. Grisak
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1987
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 1987-03), p. 522-522
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 1987-03), p. 522-522
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/WR023i003p00522
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stochastic Analysis of Unsaturated Flow in Heterogeneous Soils: 2. Statistically Anisotropic Media With Variable α
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1985
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 1985-04), p. 457-464
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 1985-04), p. 457-464
    Abstract: Steady unsaturated flow in heterogeneous soil with an arbitrarily oriented mean hydraulic gradient is analyzed using spectral solutions of the stochastic perturbation equation which describes the capillary pressure head ψ . The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is related to ψ by K = K s exp (−α ψ ), where K s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity and α is a soil parameter, and both K s and α are treated as three‐dimensional statistically homogeneous, anisotropic random fields. Analytical results are obtained for the capillary pressure head variance and the effective (mean) unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The head variance depends upon the degree of anisotropy of the ln K s covariance; when α is random, the head variance increases with mean capillary pressure head. The effective hydraulic conductivity for arbitrary orientation of the mean hydraulic gradient J is shown to have tensorial properties, but its components depend on the magnitude and direction of J and the orientation of the stratification in the soil. When α is random, the degree of anisotropy of the effective conductivity depends strongly on mean capillary pressure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/WR021i004p00457
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1985
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stochastic Analysis of Unsaturated Flow in Heterogeneous Soils: 3. Observations and Applications
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1985
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 1985-04), p. 465-471
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 1985-04), p. 465-471
    Abstract: Results of stochastic theory for flow in heterogeneous soils are analyzed by comparisons with laboratory experiments and field observations, and through applications examples. The two key theoretical results are (1) the variability of capillary pressure or moisture content increases when mean capillary pressure increases and (2) the anisotropy ratio (horizontal/vertical) of effective (mean) unsaturated hydraulic conductivity increases when mean capillary pressure increases or mean moisture content decreases. Comparisons with the field data on moisture content and capillary pressure variability show trends similar to those predicted by the theory. Calculations of hydraulic conductivity anisotropy based on two actual soils show that the variations in soil texture produce large changes in anisotropy as the mean capillary pressure changes. Several previously reported field observations and laboratory experiments support the theoretical finding of a capillary pressure dependent hydraulic anisotropy for unsaturated flow. The importance of this anisotropy effect in applications involving groundwater recharge, irrigation, surface runoff generation, and waste isolation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/WR021i004p00465
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1985
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Upscaled flow and transport properties for heterogeneous unsaturated media : UPSCALED FLOW AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2002
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2002-05), p. 11-1-11-12
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 38, No. 5 ( 2002-05), p. 11-1-11-12
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000WR000072
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 5564-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hydraulic tomography: Development of a new aquifer test method
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2000
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 36, No. 8 ( 2000-08), p. 2095-2105
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 36, No. 8 ( 2000-08), p. 2095-2105
    Abstract: Hydraulic tomography (i.e., a sequential aquifer test) has recently been proposed as a method for characterizing aquifer heterogeneity. During a hydraulic tomography experiment, water is sequentially pumped from or injected into an aquifer at different vertical portions or intervals of the aquifer. During each pumping or injection, hydraulic head responses of the aquifer at other intervals are monitored, yielding a set of head/discharge (or recharge) data. By sequentially pumping (or injecting) water at one interval and monitoring the steady state head responses at others, many head/discharge (recharge) data sets are obtained. In this study a sequential inverse approach is developed to interpret results of hydraulic tomography. The approach uses an iterative geostatistical inverse method to yield the effective hydraulic conductivity of an aquifer, conditioned on each set of head/discharge data. To efficiently include all the head/discharge data sets, a sequential conditioning method is employed. It uses the estimated hydraulic conductivity field and covariances, conditioned on the previous head/discharge data set, as prior information for next estimations using a new set of pumping data. This inverse approach was first applied to hypothetical, two‐dimensional, heterogeneous aquifers to investigate the optimal sampling scheme for the hydraulic tomography, i.e., the design of well spacing, pumping, and monitoring locations. The effects of measurement errors and uncertainties in statistical parameters required by the inverse model were also investigated. Finally, the robustness of this inverse approach was demonstrated through its application to a hypothetical, three‐dimensional, heterogeneous aquifer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000WR900114
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029553-4
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Numerical Model for Water Flow and Chemical Transport in Variably Saturated Porous Media
    Wiley ; 1993
    In:  Ground Water Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 1993-07), p. 634-644
    Details
    In: Ground Water, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 1993-07), p. 634-644
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0017-467X , 1745-6584
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gwat.1993.31.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.1993.tb00597.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066386-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inexpensive Access Tube Installation of Tensiometers Below a Flowing Stream
    Wiley ; 1997
    In:  Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 1997-08), p. 76-77
    Details
    In: Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 3 ( 1997-08), p. 76-77
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1069-3629
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6592.1997.tb00587.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2181890-3
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