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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Impact of the Surrounding Land Uses on Water Quality of Some Selected Cascade and Perennial Tanks in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka
    Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP) ; 2022
    In:  Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology Vol. 10, No. sp2 ( 2022-12-30), p. 3063-3069
    Details
    In: Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), Vol. 10, No. sp2 ( 2022-12-30), p. 3063-3069
    Abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the water quality of the inlet, irrigation outlet, and edges linked to Nuwarawewa reservoir, Mahakanadarawa reservoir, Hurulu wewa reservoir, Sangilikandarawa reservoir, and Nachchaduwa perennial reservoir in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Water samples were taken from a designated position of each inlet, irrigation output, and edges in the second inter-monsoon, northeast monsoon, and first inter-monsoon seasons. Water quality indicators such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), Na, K, Ca, Mg, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), NO3- -N, NH4+-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), and heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb, and Hg) concentrations were measured in each water sample. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistica software. Considerable temporal fluctuations in water quality indicators were detected in inlets, irrigation outflows, and edges over the research period. The findings revealed that NO3- -N, NH4+-N, and DRP in Sangilikandarawa reservoir during the northeast monsoon were close but not above the FAO (1985) maximum levels guidelines for irrigation water. pH, EC, TDS, and heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb, and Hg) in all the other tanks were within permitted values according to WHO drinking water quality standards and FAO (1985) guidelines for irrigation water. This finding further demonstrated that the consequences of surrounding land use on water pollution in inlet water canals linked to Sangilikandarawa and Nuwarawewa are greater. It could be concluded that a pollution management plan needs to be implemented in order to stop further pollution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2148-127X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v10isp2.3063-3069.5643
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2764733-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of ascomycetous fungi originally described in Sri Lanka
    Magnolia Press ; 2023
    In:  Phytotaxa Vol. 611, No. 1 ( 2023-08-31), p. 1-105
    Details
    In: Phytotaxa, Magnolia Press, Vol. 611, No. 1 ( 2023-08-31), p. 1-105
    Abstract: Despite being a biodiversity-rich country, Sri Lanka’s fungal diversity remains largely unexplored. In the 19th century, British mycologists conducted extensive research, leading to the identification of more than 1,800 fungal taxa, including ascomycetous and basidiomycetous species. However, the majority of these taxa have not been revisited since their initial description, and molecular evidence is lacking. Moreover, a significant number of fungal taxa have been deemed invalid or illegitimate, indicating the need for a nomenclatural revision. To address this knowledge gap, this review provides a comprehensive list of ascomycetous taxa (including both lichen-forming and non-lichenized) that were originally described in Sri Lanka. Names are listed according to the original names which were included in the protologue. In the cases where species have been transferred to other genera, the current names and new classifications are provided. The typification details, nomenclature status, and classification are also presented. This checklist will serve as a valuable resource for the future epitypification of old taxa, as much of the existing information is poorly documented and scattered.  
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1179-3163 , 1179-3155
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.611.1
    DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.611.1.1
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Magnolia Press
    Publication Date: 2023
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessment of Community Dynamics of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Rhizosphere and Potential Application as Biofertilizer
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 24 ( 2022-12-09), p. 16537-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 24 ( 2022-12-09), p. 16537-
    Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have the potential to maintain the sustainability of rice cultivation via maintaining soil health. The objective of this study was to produce an AMF-based biofertilizer for the rice variety Bg350 using indigenous dominant species of AMF that are adapted to paddy wetland soil conditions in dry, wet, and intermediate zones in Sri Lanka and are co-inoculated with the bacterium Azospirillum. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the produced biofertilizer using the rice variety Bg350. Treatments were inorganic fertilizer, compost, biochar, produced AMF-biofertilizer [1 kg of ground carrier material inoculated with 50 g of AMF propagules and 20 mL of 1.5 × 108 (CFU/mL) of Azospirillum], and the control. A two-factor factorial, completely randomized design was used under sterilized and non-sterilized soil conditions with four replicates. The genera Glomus, Claroideoglomus, and Aculospora were identified as the most common AMFs in paddy soil in all investigated sites. In the 9th week of sampling, AMF root colonization was positively correlated (p = 0.028) with spore density. In Sri Lanka, for the first time, the highest AMF colonization rates in rice were recorded at 36.40% in the roots of the Bg350 from the Gampaha district. AMF root colonization increased over sampling time and was different according to the interactive effect of fertilizer application and soil condition. The biometric parameters and yield-attributing characteristics were significantly higher in the rice plants grown in sterilized soil, independent of the tested treatments. The number of grains per panicle was significantly similar (p ≤ 0.05) in the compost, AMF-biofertilizer, and inorganic fertilizer added treatments. It can be concluded that application of paddy soil adapted AMF species as a biofertilizer increased rice plant growth, productivity, and yield.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su142416537
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community Dynamics and Functioning in Diff erent Rice Cultivation Systems
    Chiang Mai University ; 2022
    In:  Chiang Mai Journal of Science Vol. 49, No. 3 ( 2022-5-31), p. 598-607
    Details
    In: Chiang Mai Journal of Science, Chiang Mai University, Vol. 49, No. 3 ( 2022-5-31), p. 598-607
    Abstract: As a main component of soil microbiota arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a benefi cial role in the agro-ecosystems. Introduction of AMF inoculum as a biofertilizer to the rice cultivation system is one of the environmentally healthy solutions that may increase crop productivity and yield, when compare to the non-AMF relationships. Within an ecosystem, both biotic and abiotic factors affect the diversity, distribution, and ecological role of AMF. Here we reviewed the effect of the variables including production area, environmental conditions, agricultural management systems, rice varieties, and different growth stages of the host on dynamics and structure of the AMF community mainly in the rice fi elds. Understanding of this co-relation is required to explore their future enrolment in agriculture. To ensure food security, identifi cation of all variables that may make indigenous AMF presence and active in different rice growing systems needs to be done in order to explore this specifi c fungus-root interaction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0125-2526 , 2465-3845
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12982/CMJS
    DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.049
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chiang Mai University
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3105953-3
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 17,1
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isolation, characterization and identification of cellulase (Endo-β-1,4-glucanase) producing bacteria from diverse locations
    University of Sri Jayewardenepura ; 2023
    In:  Vidyodaya Journal of Science Vol. 26, No. 01 ( 2023-06-26)
    Details
    In: Vidyodaya Journal of Science, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Vol. 26, No. 01 ( 2023-06-26)
    Abstract: The objective of the study was to isolate cellulase producing bacteria from natural sources and identify the bacterial isolates that produce thermostable enzyme. Bacteria were isolated from samples collected from different locations like mango leaf litter, termite gut, composting yard (municipal solid waste, compost, and soil), soil from decaying paper waste, decaying wood, and saline coastal belt soil by enrichment in broth containing 1% cellulose and subsequent culturing on plates and the purified cultures stored in slants of the solidified agar medium of the same composition as enrichment medium. Primary screening of the isolates for cellulase (Endo β-1,4-glucanase) production was done by growing them on Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) agar medium and screening using indicator dye Congo red. Secondary screening of the positive isolates showing cellulolytic Index 〉 4 was done by crude cellulase enzyme extraction and assay using 1% CMC in 1N citrate buffer (pH 5.0) at different pH values (4.8- 7.0) and temperatures (35- 70℃). Cellulase activity (EA) in U/mL was calculated based on the absorbance change per min. which depends on the amount of reducing sugar produced by the enzyme catalysed conversion of CMC to reducing sugar. Isolates were characterized morphologically and biochemically and six isolates (Gram -ve: T1, MSW, C1, S2 and Gram +ve: W2, P) having significantly higher EA were selected for DNA extraction. DNA was quantified and the DNA of four isolates (MSW, S2, W2, P) were selected for sequence analysis. The 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out through PCR amplification and Blast using NCBI blast similarity search tool resulted in the identification of MSW, S2, W2 as E.coli, Sulfitobacter pontiacus, Bacillus subtilis respectively and P as Bacillus cereus and Rhodococcus erythropolis strain e1. Isolates showed significantly higher cellulase activity (EA) at pH 6.2 and at varying temperatures. Bacterial isolates P and C2 showed significantly higher activity at 40℃, MSW at 60℃ and others at 50℃ (EA ranging from 0.0054 – 0.0604 U/mL). Isolates W2, P, S2 had EA ranging from 0.006 - 0.03 U/mL at 70℃. This study showed that the cellulase producers could be grown at different temperatures (40 - 70℃) on cellulose based substrate. In this study the substrate specificity indicates that the crude enzyme is an endo- β-1,4-glucanase that plays a prominent role in initiating and sustaining the hydrolytic process and randomly cleaves cellulose into glucose and olygomeric polysaccharides. Hence by selecting samples with cellulosic substance from different locations with extreme environmental conditions like high temperature, high salinity it is possible to isolate cellulolytic bacteria producing cellulase enzymes that are stable at higher processing temperatures and other harsh conditions which is of importance in industrial applications. Keywords: Endo-β-1,4-glucanase, Cellulolytic index, Cellulase activity, Thermostable
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2792-1298
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.31357/vjs.v26i01
    DOI: 10.31357/vjs.v26i01.6413
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: University of Sri Jayewardenepura
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biofertilizers: An Emerging Trend in Agricultural Sustainability
    Chiang Mai University ; 2022
    In:  Chiang Mai Journal of Science Vol. 49, No. 3 ( 2022-5-31), p. 608-640
    Details
    In: Chiang Mai Journal of Science, Chiang Mai University, Vol. 49, No. 3 ( 2022-5-31), p. 608-640
    Abstract: using them to phase out chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers generate environmental pollution and negatively impact benefi cial organisms as well as human and animal wellbeing, causing a paradigm shift towards safer improved biofertilizers. Hence, improving the arsenal of microbial inoculants such as plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF), use of microbial consortia, use of uncommon inoculants such as extremophiles and microalgae, development of customized biofertilizers to suit the conditions of the fi elds and their geographical locations, identifying and popularizing other benefi cial aspects of biofertilizers to use them as tools for bioremediation, improved plant physiology and degradation of pesticides have become the trends of biofertilizers. However, soil application of biofertilizers has limited success yet and to be explored. Because of the interactions of soil- introduced PGPR and PGPF can be excluded by the more resilient microbiome in soil. Therefore, different strategies have to be employed to facilitate complex interactions with soil, environment and phytomicrobiomes. New molecular technologies allow for using metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metabolomics to spur development. Phytomicrobiome engineering is also used in synthetic biology also may offer new trend. These will be key in developing the next generation of biofertilizers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0125-2526 , 2465-3845
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12982/CMJS
    DOI: 10.12982/CMJS.2022.050
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chiang Mai University
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3105953-3
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 17,1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perceived Intensification in Harmful Algal Blooms Is a Wave of Cumulative Threat to the Aquatic Ecosystems
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biology Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2022-06-02), p. 852-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 6 ( 2022-06-02), p. 852-
    Abstract: Aquatic pollution is considered a major threat to sustainable development across the world, and deterioration of aquatic ecosystems is caused usually by harmful algal blooms (HABs). In recent times, HABs have gained attention from scientists to better understand these phenomena given that these blooms are increasing in intensity and distribution with considerable impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Many exogenous factors such as variations in climatic patterns, eutrophication, wind blowing, dust storms, and upwelling of water currents form these blooms. Globally, the HAB formation is increasing the toxicity in the natural water sources, ultimately leading the deleterious and hazardous effects on the aquatic fauna and flora. This review summarizes the types of HABs with their potential effects, toxicity, grazing defense, human health impacts, management, and control of these harmful entities. This review offers a systematic approach towards the understanding of HABs, eliciting to rethink the increasing threat caused by HABs in aquatic ecosystems across the world. Therefore, to mitigate this increasing threat to aquatic environments, advanced scientific research in ecology and environmental sciences should be prioritized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology11060852
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isolation of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms and the Formulation of Biofertilizer for Sustainable Processing of Phosphate Rock
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Life Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 782-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-14), p. 782-
    Abstract: As phosphorus (P) bioavailability is limited in arable lands, chemical fertilizers are being used by farmers to increase crop production. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) increase the bioavailability of sparingly soluble inorganic and organic soil phosphorus. Therefore, the current study was an effort to evaluate the phosphate-solubilizing efficiency of PSMs using tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and Eppawala rock phosphate (ERP). The efficiency of phosphate solubilization by a series of identified isolates was compared using TCP (5 g L−1) and ERP (5 g L−1) as a P source in Pikovskava’s broth. Twelve microbial isolates that showed a higher efficiency in phosphate solubilization were selected for the production of the biofertilizer. The isolate F10 in ERP broth was characterized by the highest significant level of available phosphorus (896.98 ± 10.41) mg L−1, followed by F5 (Aspergillus sp.) in TCP broth 991.43 ± 1.37 mg L−1. A pot trial was carried out by using Capsicum annuum L. as the test plant in two soil conditions: sterilized soil and non-sterilized soil with six treatments and four replicates. The significantly highest plant height, leaf length, and width were shown by chili plants treated with the formulated biofertilizer. Therefore, the application of native PSMs appeared to be an efficient method of solubilizing sparingly soluble P compounds into plant-available forms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life13030782
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Potential of Microbial Solubilization of Rock Phosphate for Use in Sustainable Agriculture: Does Biochar Application Enhance Microbial Solubilization?
    Sciencedomain International ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Advances in Microbiology Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2018-02-12), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: Journal of Advances in Microbiology, Sciencedomain International, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2018-02-12), p. 1-8
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2456-7116
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/JAMB
    DOI: 10.9734/JAMB/2018/32544
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of an Antimicrobial Topical Skin Cream with Using Wood Apple (Limonia acidissima L.) Pulp Against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans
    Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP) ; 2023
    In:  Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-28), p. 292-295
    Details
    In: Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-02-28), p. 292-295
    Abstract: Skin inhabiting microbes mostly non-pathogenic and commensals on the skin. Among them Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans often responsible for symptomatic skin infections. Cellulites, impetigo, ecthyma, red lesions and candidiasis are some of the common microbial skin diseases caused by skin pathogens. Wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) is an underutilized fruit in Sri Lanka and, all parts of this plant have medicinal value. Considering the high therapeutic value, the aqueous extract of wood apple pulp was used. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and antifungal activity against Candida albicans was evaluated by using the standard well diffusion method. Above tested bacterial and fungal species were suspended in 3 mL of sterile distilled water separately and 108 CFU/mL population count was prepared. Aliquots of 100 µL of each suspension were inoculated and uniformly spread on Muller Hinton agar plates separately in triplicates. Wells were filled aseptically placing 50 µL of wood apple extracts, antimicrobial compounds specifically as the positive control for bacteria and fungi and sterile distilled water as the negative control. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 24 - 48 hours and the diameter of the growth inhibition zones around the wells were measured. Furthermore, minimum inhibition concentrations of each extract were also evaluated. Comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Pairwise Comparisons. The antimicrobial topical skin cream was prepared using 0.5 g mL-1 of wood apple pulp with sterile distilled water, mixed with the formulated standard ingredients. The results revealed that the aqueous extracts of wood apple pulp concentrations range from 0.15 g mL-1 to 1g mL-1 showed the antimicrobial potential of above skin pathogens variably ranged inhibition zone diameter 16 mm to 34 mm. The antimicrobial effect of the formulated cream against these pathogens was repeatedly tested. Further testing procedures needed to be followed before recommending wood apple topical antimicrobial skin cream as a marketable product.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2148-127X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v11i2.292-295.5641
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2764733-X
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