In:
PLOS Genetics, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 18, No. 10 ( 2022-10-13), p. e1010431-
Abstract:
It is widely stated in the literature that closed mature autophagosomes (APs) fuse with lysosomes/vacuoles during macroautophagy/autophagy. Previously, we showed that unclosed APs accumulated as clusters outside vacuoles in Vps21/Rab5 and ESCRT mutants after a short period of nitrogen starvation. However, the fate of such unclosed APs remains unclear. In this study, we used a combination of cellular and biochemical approaches to show that unclosed double-membrane APs entered vacuoles and formed unclosed single-membrane autophagic bodies after prolonged nitrogen starvation or rapamycin treatment. Vacuolar hydrolases, vacuolar transport chaperon (VTC) proteins, Ypt7, and Vam3 were all involved in the entry of unclosed double-membrane APs into vacuoles in Vps21-mutant cells. Overexpression of the vacuolar hydrolases, Pep4 or Prb1, or depletion of most VTC proteins promoted the entry of unclosed APs into vacuoles in Vps21-mutant cells, whereas depletion of Pep4 and/or Prb1 delayed the entry into vacuoles. In contrast to the complete infertility of diploid cells of typical autophagy mutants, diploid cells of Vps21 mutant progressed through meiosis to sporulation, benefiting from the entry of unclosed APs into vacuoles after prolonged nitrogen starvation. Overall, these data represent a new observation that unclosed double-membrane APs can enter vacuoles after prolonged autophagy induction, most likely as a survival strategy.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1553-7404
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.g010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s014
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s015
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s016
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s017
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1010431.s018
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2186725-2
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