In:
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2021-11-8), p. e0009887-
Abstract:
Brazil remains endemic for infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and leprosy, having a major impact on public health and the life quality of affected patients. Although the relevance of this co-infection is recognized, several aspects, such as the immune response, are not yet fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of FOXP3 + Treg cells in leprosy skin lesions and to correlate their clinical forms, laboratory characteristics (CD4, CD8, and CV), and the immune reconstitution syndrome in HIV-leprosy co-infection. Methodology/Principal findings An observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out comparing four groups of patients: those with concomitant diagnosis of leprosy and HIV infection without a leprosy reaction, those with leprosy and HIV co-infection patients with a reverse reaction (RR), those with leprosy without HIV and without reaction, and those with leprosywithout HIV and with RR. The patients were diagnosed at a dermatology outpatient clinic located in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from 2003 to 2017. In the sample studied, there was a positive correlation between FOXP3 + cell density and viral load, negative correlation with blood CD4 + (not statistically significant), significant positive correlation in CD8 count in patients with leprosy reaction, and positive relationship in patients with IRIS. The density of cells expressing FOXP3 was higher in the BL/LL forms in patients without HIV, although the difference was not statistically significant. However, the cell mean was higher in the TT/BT forms in patients co-infected with leprosy and HIV, showing contradictory results. Conclusions/Significance These findings support that higher activity of the HIV may stimulate or result in a higher expression of FOXP3-Tregs and that they may be involved in active immunosuppression observed at the infection site at the tissue level. This supports the need to expand studies on FOXP3 + Treg cells in co-infected patients.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1935-2735
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.g008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0009887.t003
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2429704-5
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