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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigating Failure Patterns in Machine Learning-based Object Detection Tasks in Software Development Courses
    Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. ; 2023
    In:  網際網路技術學刊 Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 1001-1008
    Details
    In: 網際網路技術學刊, Angle Publishing Co., Ltd., Vol. 24, No. 4 ( 2023-07), p. 1001-1008
    Abstract: 〈p〉Object detection, one of the popular tasks in computer vision, is to find all objects of interest in an image and determine their category and location. When people use deep learning frameworks to implement object detection networks, defects are often caused by human-introduced faults. These defects may cause different types of failures. Exploring frequent failure patterns in object detection programs can help developers detect and fix defects more effectively and efficiently. Therefore, we conducted an empirical study on failure patterns in deep learning-based object detection programs submitted in university software development courses. By exploring 101 submissions of a Yolov4 object detection task completed by 104 students, we found the most frequent 13 failure patterns in these submissions and six types of root causes of these failures. To help students and entry-level software engineers avoid possible faults in object detection programs, 13 concrete suggestions that belong to six classes are given in this paper. These results can reveal some basic laws of failures and mistakes in the development of deep learning-based object detection programs and provide guidances to assist students and entry-level developers in improving their skills in developing object detection programs. 〈/p〉 〈p〉 〈/p〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1607-9264 , 1607-9264
    Uniform Title: Investigating Failure Patterns in Machine Learning-based Object Detection Tasks in Software Development Courses
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53106/160792642023072404017
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Angle Publishing Co., Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiscale Hierarchical Architecture‐Based Bioactive Scaffolds for Versatile Tissue Engineering
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Advanced Healthcare Materials Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-07)
    Details
    In: Advanced Healthcare Materials, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-07)
    Abstract: Artificial construction from tendon to bone remains a formidable challenge in tissue engineering owing to their structural complexity. In this work, bioinspired calcium silicate nanowires and alginate composite hydrogels are utilized as building blocks to construct multiscale hierarchical bioactive scaffolds for versatile tissue engineering from tendon to bone. By integrating 3D printing technology and mechanical stretch post‐treatment in a confined condition, the obtained composite hydrogels possess bioinspired reinforcement architectures from nano‐ to submicron‐ to microscale with significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The biochemical and topographical cues of the composite hydrogel scaffolds provide much more efficient microenvironment to the rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cells and rabbit tendon stem cells, leading to ordered alignment and improved differentiation. The composite hydrogels markedly promote in vivo tissue regeneration from bone to tendon, especially fibrocartilage transitional tissue. Therefore, such calcium silicate nanowires/alginate composite hydrogels with multiscale hierarchical structures have potential application for tissue regeneration from tendon to bone. This work provides an innovative strategy to construct multiscale hierarchical architecture‐based scaffolds for tendon/bone engineering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2192-2640 , 2192-2659
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adhm.v11.13
    DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102837
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2645585-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on Periodic Pulsation Characteristics of Corn Grain in a Grain Cylinder during the Unloading Stage
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Foods Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-09-29), p. 2314-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 10 ( 2021-09-29), p. 2314-
    Abstract: The fluctuation effect of corn grain often occurs during the unloading stage. To accurately explore the periodic pulsation characteristics of corn grain during the unloading stage, a discrete model of corn grain was established, and the effectiveness of the discrete element method in simulating the corn grain unloading stage was verified by a 3D laser scanner and the “spherical particle filling method”. The grain cylinder was divided into six areas, and the periodic pulsation characteristics at different heights were explored through simulation tests. The results showed that the faster the average speed of corn grain changes in unit time, the more significant the periodic pulsation characteristics were as the height of grain unloading increased. The corn grain pulsateon in the grain cylinder exhibited gradual upward transmission and gradual amplification in the process of transmission. The average velocity decreased with increasing height. The direct cause of pulsation was the variation in the average stress between grain layers. Simulation analysis of grain unloading for different half cone angles of the grain cylinder was carried out. The change in corn grain average velocity over time in the area below 20 mm of the upper free surface was extracted. The results showed that the speed of the top corn grain increased with increasing the half cone angle, and the periodic pulsation phenomenon became more obvious with increasing the half cone angle at half cone angles of 30–65°. A half cone angle of 65–70° marked the critical state of corn grain flow changing from funnel flow to overall flow in the grain cylinder. This study provides a method for studying the periodic pulsation characteristics of different crops during the grain unloading stage and provides a technical reference for the safe design of grain unloading equipment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods10102314
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Terahertz Radiation on the Aggregation of Alzheimer’s Aβ42 Peptide
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2023-03-06), p. 5039-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 5 ( 2023-03-06), p. 5039-
    Abstract: The pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease is thought to be directly linked to the abnormal aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the nervous system as a common neurodegenerative disease. Consequently, researchers in many areas are actively looking for factors that affect Aβ aggregation. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that, in addition to chemical induction of Aβ aggregation, electromagnetic radiation may also affect Aβ aggregation. Terahertz waves are an emerging form of non-ionizing radiation that has the potential to affect the secondary bonding networks of biological systems, which in turn could affect the course of biochemical reactions by altering the conformation of biological macromolecules. As the primary radiation target in this investigation, the in vitro modeled Aβ42 aggregation system was examined using fluorescence spectrophotometry, supplemented by cellular simulations and transmission electron microscopy, to see how it responded to 3.1 THz radiation in various aggregation phases. The results demonstrated that in the nucleation aggregation stage, 3.1 THz electromagnetic waves promote Aβ42 monomer aggregation and that this promoting effect gradually diminishes with the exacerbation of the degree of aggregation. However, by the stage of oligomer aggregation into the original fiber, 3.1 THz electromagnetic waves exhibited an inhibitory effect. This leads us to the conclusion that terahertz radiation has an impact on the stability of the Aβ42 secondary structure, which in turn affects how Aβ42 molecules are recognized during the aggregation process and causes a seemingly aberrant biochemical response. Molecular dynamics simulation was employed to support the theory based on the aforementioned experimental observations and inferences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055039
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_7.xlsx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-28)
    Abstract: Branch architecture is an important factor influencing rapeseed planting density, mechanized harvest, and yield. However, its related genes and regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, branch angle (BA) and branch dispersion degree (BD) were used to evaluate branch architecture. Branch angle exhibited a dynamic change from an increase in the early stage to a gradual decrease until reaching a stable state. Cytological analysis showed that BA variation was mainly due to xylem size differences in the vascular bundle of the branch junction. The phenotypic analysis of 327 natural accessions revealed that BA in six environments ranged from 24.3° to 67.9°, and that BD in three environments varied from 4.20 cm to 21.4 cm, respectively. A total of 115 significant loci were detected through association mapping in three models (MLM, mrMLM, and FarmCPU), which explained 0.53%-19.4% of the phenotypic variations. Of them, 10 loci were repeatedly detected in different environments and models, one of which qBAD.A03-2 was verified as a stable QTL using a secondary segregation population. Totally, 1066 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between branch adaxial- and abaxial- sides from four extremely large or small BA/BD accessions through RNA sequencing. These DEGs were significantly enriched in the pathways related to auxin biosynthesis and transport as well as cell extension such as indole alkaloid biosynthesis, other glycan degradation, and fatty acid elongation. Four known candidate genes BnaA02g16500D ( PIN1 ), BnaA03g10430D ( PIN2 ), BnaC03g06250D ( LAZY1 ), and BnaC06g20640D ( ARF17 ) were identified by both GWAS and RNA-seq, all of which were involved in regulating the asymmetric distribution of auxins. Our identified association loci and candidate genes provide a theoretical basis for further study of gene cloning and genetic improvement of branch architecture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-462X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s006
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s007
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s008
    DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053459.s009
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polydopamine-coated 3D-printed β-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds to promote the adhesion and osteogenesis of BMSCs for bone-defect repair: mRNA transcriptomic sequencing analysis
    Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Materials Chemistry B Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023), p. 1725-1738
    Details
    In: Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023), p. 1725-1738
    Abstract: Cellular bioactivity and tissue regeneration can be affected by coatings on tissue-engineered scaffolds. Using mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) is a convenient and effective approach to surface modification. Therefore, 3D-printed β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds were coated with PDA in this study. The effects of the scaffolds on the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of seeded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and on new-bone formation in vivo were investigated. The potential mechanisms and related differential genes were assessed using mRNA sequencing. It was seen that PDA coating increased the surface roughness of the 3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds. Furthermore, it prompted the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of seeded BMSCs. mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PDA coating might affect the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through the calcium signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, etc. Moreover, the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, such as R-spondin 1 and chemokine c-c-motif ligand 2, was increased. Finally, both the 3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds and PDA-coated scaffolds could significantly accelerate the formation of new bone in critical-size calvarial defects in rats compared with the control group; and the new bone formation was obviously higher in the PDA-coated scaffolds than in β-TCP scaffolds. In summary, 3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds with a PDA coating can improve the physicochemical characteristics and cellular bioactivity of the scaffold surface for bone regeneration. Potential differential genes were identified, which can be used as a foundation for further research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-750X , 2050-7518
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1039/D2TB02280J
    Language: English
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2702241-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2705149-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influencing Factors Analysis and Simulation Calibration of Restitution Coefficient of Rice Grain
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2021-06-24), p. 5884-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2021-06-24), p. 5884-
    Abstract: It is difficult to determine the coefficient of restitution accurately due to the small size, light weight, and complex influencing factors of rice grain. In the study, the experimental principle of restitution coefficient was described by the impact method, and the restitution coefficients of four typical rice varieties in Northeast China were measured. According to the orthogonal experiment, the primary and secondary factors affecting the restitution coefficient of rice grain were collision material, spring compression (initial collision velocity), moisture content, and rice variety. A single factor test was carried out for the significant factors, and the results showed that: The restitution coefficient of rice grain to a Q235 steel plate, plexiglass plate, seed plate, and rubber plate decreased in turn, and the restitution coefficient gradually decreased with the increase of spring compression (initial collision velocity), and with the increase of water content. The restitution coefficient was obtained by a bench test and simulation test, and the results were 0.429 and 0.423, respectively. The reason for the error was discussed and analyzed, which effectively verified the validity of the measurement of the restitution coefficient of small grain size. This study provides a method for the determination of the restitution coefficient of small grain, and provides a reference for the optimization design of threshing and a cleaning device of the combine harvester and high-speed precision seeder.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app11135884
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multiscale Hierarchical Architecture‐Based Bioactive Scaffolds for Versatile Tissue Engineering (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2022)
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Advanced Healthcare Materials Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-07)
    Details
    In: Advanced Healthcare Materials, Wiley, Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-07)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2192-2640 , 2192-2659
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adhm.v11.13
    DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202270080
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2645585-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fabrication of Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Scaffolds with Engineered Microscale Vasculatures
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Advanced Functional Materials Vol. 31, No. 27 ( 2021-07)
    Details
    In: Advanced Functional Materials, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 27 ( 2021-07)
    Abstract: Precise fabrication of microscale vasculatures (MSVs) has long been an unresolved challenge in tissue engineering. Currently, light‐assisted printing is the most common approach. However, this approach is often associated with an intricate fabrication process, high cost, and a requirement for specific photoresponsive materials. Here, thermoresponsive hydrogels are employed to induce volume shrinkage at 37 °C, which allows for MSV engineering without complex protocols. The thermoresponsive hydrogel consists of thermosensitive poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) and biocompatible gelatin methacrylate (GelMA). In cell culture, the thermoresponsive hydrogel exhibits an apparent volume shrinkage and effectively triggers the creation of MSVs with smaller size. The results show that a higher concentration of GelMA blocks the shrinkage, and the thermoresponsive hydrogel demonstrates different behaviors in water and air at 37 °C. The MSVs can be effectively fabricated using the sacrificial alginate fibers, and the minimum MSV diameter achieved is 50 µm. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells form endothelial monolayers in the MSVs. Osteosarcoma cells maintain high viability in the thermoresponsive hydrogel, and the in vivo experiment shows that the MSVs provide a site for the perfusion of host vessels. This technique may help in the development of a facile method for fabricating MSVs and demonstrates strong potential for clinical application in tissue regeneration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-301X , 1616-3028
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.v31.27
    DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202102685
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029061-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039420-2
    SSG: 11
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Image2.TIF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology Vol. 11 ( 2023-5-18)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-5-18)
    Abstract: Introduction: The repair and regeneration of growth plate injuries using tissue engineering techniques remains a challenge due to large bone bridge formation and low chondrogenic efficiency. Methods: In this study, a bilayer drug-loaded microspheres was developed that contains the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, Bevacizumab, on the outer layer and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a cartilage repair factor, on the inner layer. The microspheres were then combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to create a composite hydrogel with good injectability and biocompatibility. Results: The in vitro drug-release profile of bilayer microspheres showed a sequential release, with Bevacizumab released first followed by IGF-1. And this hydrogel simultaneously inhibited angiogenesis and promoted cartilage regeneration. Finally, in vivo studies indicated that the composite hydrogel reduced bone bridge formation and improved cartilage regeneration in the rabbit model of proximal tibial growth plate injury. Conclusion: This bilayer microsphere-based composite hydrogel with sequential controlled release of Bevacizumab and IGF-1 has promising potential for growth plate injury repair.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-4185
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181580
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181580.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181580.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719493-0
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