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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interactive impacts of meteorological and hydrological conditions on the physical and biogeochemical structure of a coastal system
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-21), p. 5097-5127
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 17, No. 20 ( 2020-10-21), p. 5097-5127
    Abstract: Abstract. The German Bight was exposed to record high riverine discharges in June 2013, as a result of flooding of the Elbe and Weser rivers. Several anomalous observations suggested that the hydrodynamical and biogeochemical states of the system were impacted by this event. In this study, we developed a biogeochemical model and coupled it with a previously introduced high-resolution hydrodynamical model of the southern North Sea in order to better characterize these impacts and gain insight into the underlying processes. Performance of the model was assessed using an extensive set of in situ measurements for the period 2011–2014. We first improved the realism of the hydrodynamic model with regard to the representation of cross-shore gradients, mainly through inclusion of flow-dependent horizontal mixing. Among other characteristic features of the system, the coupled model system can reproduce the low salinities, high nutrient concentrations and low oxygen concentrations in the bottom layers observed within the German Bight following the flood event. Through a scenario analysis, we examined the sensitivity of the patterns observed during July 2013 to the hydrological and meteorological forcing in isolation. Within the region of freshwater influence (ROFI) of the Elbe–Weser rivers, the flood event clearly dominated the changes in salinity and nutrient concentrations, as expected. However, our findings point to the relevance of the peculiarities in the meteorological conditions in 2013 as well: a combination of low wind speeds, warm air temperatures and cold bottom-water temperatures resulted in a strong thermal stratification in the outer regions and limited vertical nutrient transport to the surface layers. Within the central region, the thermal and haline dynamics interactively resulted in an intense density stratification. This intense stratification, in turn, led to enhanced primary production within the central region enriched by nutrients due to the flood but led to reduction within the nutrient-limited outer region, and it caused a widespread oxygen depletion in bottom waters. Our results further point to the enhancement of the current velocities at the surface as a result of haline stratification and to intensification of the thermohaline estuarine-like circulation in the Wadden Sea, both driven by the flood event.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-5097-2020
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wind to zooplankton: Ecosystem‐wide influence of seasonal wind‐driven upwelling in and around the Delaware Bay
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 118, No. 12 ( 2013-12), p. 6437-6450
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 118, No. 12 ( 2013-12), p. 6437-6450
    Abstract: Upwelling near Delaware Bay is not episodic, but seasonal, May to September It sustains high primary production, but does not generate phytoplankton blooms We find that there is efficient transfer of carbon to primary consumers
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9275 , 2169-9291
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgrc.v118.12
    DOI: 10.1002/2013JC008793
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of the 2018 European heatwave and drought on coastal biogeochemistry in the German Bight
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Science of The Total Environment Vol. 892 ( 2023-09), p. 164316-
    Details
    In: Science of The Total Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 892 ( 2023-09), p. 164316-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0048-9697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164316
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498726-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121506-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seasonal variability of nitrous oxide concentrations and emissions in a temperate estuary
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2023
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 20, No. 15 ( 2023-08-07), p. 3229-3247
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 20, No. 15 ( 2023-08-07), p. 3229-3247
    Abstract: Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential 298 times that of carbon dioxide. Estuaries can be sources of N2O, but their emission estimates have significant uncertainties due to limited data availability and high spatiotemporal variability. We investigated the spatial and seasonal variability of dissolved N2O and its emissions along the Elbe Estuary (Germany), a well-mixed temperate estuary with high nutrient loading from agriculture. During nine research cruises performed between 2017 and 2022, we measured dissolved N2O concentrations, as well as dissolved nutrient and oxygen concentrations along the estuary, and calculated N2O saturations, flux densities, and emissions. We found that the estuary was a year-round source of N2O, with the highest emissions in winter when dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) loads and wind speeds are high. However, in spring and summer, N2O saturations and emissions did not decrease alongside lower riverine nitrogen loads, suggesting that estuarine in situ N2O production is an important source of N2O. We identified two hotspot areas of N2O production: the Port of Hamburg, a major port region, and the mesohaline estuary near the maximum turbidity zone (MTZ). N2O production was fueled by the decomposition of riverine organic matter in the Hamburg Port and by marine organic matter in the MTZ. A comparison with previous measurements in the Elbe Estuary revealed that N2O saturation did not decrease alongside the decrease in DIN concentrations after a significant improvement of water quality in the 1990s that allowed for phytoplankton growth to re-establish in the river and estuary. The overarching control of phytoplankton growth on organic matter and, subsequently, on N2O production highlights the fact that eutrophication and elevated agricultural nutrient input can increase N2O emissions in estuaries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-20-3229-2023-supplement
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Winter weather controls net influx of atmospheric CO2 on the north-west European shelf
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-12-27)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-12-27)
    Abstract: Shelf seas play an important role in the global carbon cycle, absorbing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and exporting carbon (C) to the open ocean and sediments. The magnitude of these processes is poorly constrained, because observations are typically interpolated over multiple years. Here, we used 298500 observations of CO 2 fugacity (fCO 2 ) from a single year (2015), to estimate the net influx of atmospheric CO 2 as 26.2 ± 4.7 Tg C yr −1 over the open NW European shelf. CO 2 influx from the atmosphere was dominated by influx during winter as a consequence of high winds, despite a smaller, thermally-driven, air-sea fCO 2 gradient compared to the larger, biologically-driven summer gradient. In order to understand this climate regulation service, we constructed a carbon-budget supplemented by data from the literature, where the NW European shelf is treated as a box with carbon entering and leaving the box. This budget showed that net C-burial was a small sink of 1.3 ± 3.1 Tg C yr −1 , while CO 2 efflux from estuaries to the atmosphere, removed the majority of river C-inputs. In contrast, the input from the Baltic Sea likely contributes to net export via the continental shelf pump and advection (34.4 ± 6.0 Tg C yr −1 ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56363-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Video_2.AVI
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-22)
    Abstract: One key challenge of marine monitoring programs is to reasonably combine information from different in situ observations spread in space and time. In that context, we suggest the use of Lagrangian transport simulations extending both forward and backward in time to identify the movements of water bodies from the time they were observed to the time of their synopsis. We present examples of how synoptic maps of salinity generated by this method support the identification and tracing of river plumes in coastal regions. We also demonstrate how we can use synoptic maps to delineate different water masses in coastal margins. These examples involve quasi-continuous observations of salinity taken along ferry routes. A third application is the synchronization of measurements between fixed stations and nearby moving platforms. Both observational platforms often see the same water body, but at different times. We demonstrate how the measurements from a fixed platform can be synchronized to measurements from a moving platform by taking into account simulation-based time shifts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.666653
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.666653.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.666653.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.PDF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-7-13)
    Abstract: The ability to make measurements of phosphate (PO 4 3– ) concentrations at temporal and spatial scales beyond those offered by shipboard observations offers new opportunities for investigations of the marine phosphorus cycle. We here report the first in situ PO 4 3– dataset from an underwater glider (Kongsberg Seaglider) equipped with a PO 4 3– Lab-on-Chip (LoC) analyser. Over 44 days, a 120 km transect was conducted in the northern North Sea during late summer (August and September). Surface depletion of PO 4 3– ( & lt;0.2 μM) was observed above a seasonal thermocline, with elevated, but variable concentrations within the bottom layer (0.30–0.65 μM). Part of the variability in the bottom layer is attributed to the regional circulation and across shelf exchange, with the highest PO 4 3– concentrations being associated with elevated salinities in northernmost regions, consistent with nutrient rich North Atlantic water intruding onto the shelf. Our study represents a significant step forward in autonomous underwater vehicle sensor capabilities and presents new capability to extend research into the marine phosphorous cycle and, when combined with other recent LoC developments, nutrient stoichiometry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.698102
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.698102.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-5)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-4-5)
    Abstract: Marine uptake of carbon dioxide reduces the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Continental shelf seas are essential for carbon uptake from the atmosphere, but are also highly variable environments, for which uncertainties of carbon budget estimates are large. Recent studies indicate that their carbon sink capacity is weakening. A way to reduce the uncertainty of carbon budgets is to increase our observational capacity, for example through FerryBox installations on Ships-of-Opportunity. Here, we compare FerryBox observations in the North Sea for the fall seasons of 2019 and 2020. We show that short-lived mesoscale events can be characterized when the sampling resolution is adequately high, and that these events cause changes in essential environmental variables on the same magnitude as seasonal cycles. Whether advective or biological in origin, these events rapidly lowered seawater p CO 2 by 8–10% and influenced the carbon uptake capacity. We demonstrate the importance of resolving and integrating the variability of these smaller features in regional carbon budget assessments and advocate for the tuning of models in order to capture this small-scale variability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.827075
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2022.827075.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In situ response of bay productivity to nutrient loading from a small tributary: The Delaware Bay-Murderkill Estuary tidally-coupled biogeochemical reactor
    Elsevier BV ; 2015
    In:  Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Vol. 160 ( 2015-07), p. 33-48
    Details
    In: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 160 ( 2015-07), p. 33-48
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.03.027
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466742-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 763369-5
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anomalous Biogeochemical Response to a Flooding Event in the Delaware Estuary: A Possible Typology Shift Due to Climate Change
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2012
    In:  Estuaries and Coasts Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2012-7), p. 943-958
    Details
    In: Estuaries and Coasts, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2012-7), p. 943-958
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1559-2723 , 1559-2731
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12237-012-9490-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2229170-2
    SSG: 12
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