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  • 1
    In: Journal of Modern Oncology, Consilium Medicum, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2019-03-15), p. 12-23
    Abstract: Aim. The aim of the study is to examine the efficacy and safety of eribulin in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (BC) in Russian clinical practice. Materials and methods. The analysis included 459 patients with advanced BC from 44 federal and municipal medical clinics in Russia and received at least 2 courses of treatment with eribulin in accordance with the registered indications for drug. The average age of women was 56 years (between 29 and 81 years), 83% of patients had HER2-negative tumor subtype (49.9% - luminal BC and 33.1% - triple-negative BC) HER2-positive biological tumor subtype was registered in 17% of patients. Visceral metastases were diagnosed in 73% of patients and three-zone and multiple zone metastases were diagnosed in 41.6% of cases. The median number of prior lines of therapy in patients with disseminated disease was 2; anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy was applied in 94.3% of patients, and 38.1% of patients were recived CT plus capecitabine. Standard treatment regimen with eribulin was cotinuing (1.4 mg/m² as a 2-5-minute intravenous infusion administrated on days 1, 8 of a 21-day cycle) until disease progression, unacceptable toxic effects, or impossibility of the drug administration for any other reason. We estimated the efficacy and safety of treatment with eribulin in Russian patients with HER2-negative BC. Results. Objective response rate was achieved in 20.5% of cases, complete response rate was in 3.2%, partial - 17.3%, and the stable disease rate was marked in 52.7% of women, and in 19.7% of these cases was prolonged more than 6 months. The frequency of objective response was higher in luminal BC group compared with triple-negative BC: 23.5% vs 15.8%; tumor growth control 76.9% vs. 67.8%, respectively; p
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-1442 , 1815-1434
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Consilium Medicum
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Modern Oncology, Consilium Medicum, Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 2019-06-15), p. 17-24
    Abstract: Aim. Eribulin is an active cytostatic, associated with a wide range of mechanisms of antitumor effects, but eribulin efficiency and safety in patients with breast cancer (BC), associated with cerebral metastases are still poorly understood. Materials and methods. We analyzed the combined Russian experience of eribulin application in BC patients associated with brain metastases; the analysis included 459 Russian women with advanced BC who had received at least 2 course of eribulin during the period from 2014 to 2018; 35 of 459 patients had brain metastases (40.0% - luminal HER2-negative subtype, 31.4% - triple negative subtype and 28.6%h - HER2-positive BC). The median age was 52 years (39 - 80 years of age). In most cases, the patient had two or more metastatic brain lesions (68.6%; the median was - 3); brain radiotherapy was used in 62.8% of patients before eribulin treatment and in 5.8% of patients was held stereotactic radiation therapy during eribulin chemotherapy. We analyzed the efficiency of eribulin application (the therapy continued until disease progression, the development of unacceptable toxicity, or impossibility to apply the drug for any other reason). Results. The results showed that clinical efficacy (objective response rate + stabilization of disease lasting for more than 6 months) was 48.6%: partial response - in 20% of patients and stabilization of disease - 62.9%; tumor growth control was in 82.9%. Median PFS in all group of patients with brain metastases was 4.1 months and was similar to median PFS in patients who received radiotherapy before eribulin treatment or without eribulin - 4.1 vs 3.47 months; p=0.798. Conclusions. The application of eribulin in BC patients with brain metastasis are absolutely justified, the drug demonstrates the efficiency in a retrospective analysis in a Russian population. The determination of the optimal algorithm for the treatment of patients with metastatic BC associated with brain metastasis requires a multidisciplinary approach and further research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-1442 , 1815-1434
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Consilium Medicum
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Modern Oncology, Consilium Medicum, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2021-05-19), p. 82-87
    Abstract: Relevance. Breast cancer (BC) is among the most common cancers and the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Much attention is paid to the problem of its hormoneresistance; however, the issues of using prognostic markers and predictors in routine cancer clinical practice remain unresolved. Aim. Study and analysis of prognostic significance of clinical and biological factors and parameters of the hormonal profile in patients with primary inoperable HER2-negative breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and methods. The study included 162 patients with locally advanced primary inoperable HER2-negative breast cancer. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 58 patients with early disease progression within 6 to 12 months after radical surgical treatment. Group 2 included 104 patients with no disease progression within 2 years after radical surgical treatment. In all cases, diagnosis was verified histologically and immunohistochemically. Levels of prolactine, progesterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone and cortisol were measured by RIA. The blood plasma values in 20 healthy donors were used as reference one. The data were processed using the Statistica 7.0 and MedCalc (version 9.3.5.0) programs. All patients received combination antitumor treatment according to clinical guidance. Results. An analysis of the overall (OS) and event-free (EFS) survival in group 1 showed that the median EFS in patients with luminal B BC was 9 months, with triple-negative BC (TNBC) 8 months. 6-month EFS in luminal B subtype was 87.5%, in TNBC 79.4%, p=0.37985. 1-year EFS was 1.721.7% regardless of the biological subtype. The median OS in luminal B BC was 25 months, in TNBC 26 months. 1-year OS in luminal B BC 100%, in TNBC 93.9%, p=0.138. 2-year OS in luminal B BC 54.2%, in TNBC 55.9%, p=0.697. 3-year survival in luminal B BC 37.5%, in TNBC 41.2%, p=0.639. An analysis of OS and EFS in group 2 showed that the median EFS was not reached for all biological subtypes. 3-year survival in the group was 100% regardless of the biological subtype. The median OS was not reached for all biological subtypes. 3-year OS in the group was 100%. An analysis of the hormonal profile in the treatment dynamics showed decreased levels of estradiol in all groups of patients (by 1.6 times). In group 1, progesterone was decreased by 2.1 times, testosterone by 2.4 times and LH by 2.1 times in all BC subtypes (p0.05). Patients of group 2 showed 2 times reduced cortisol and 3 times reduced prolactin in all BC subtypes, while LH levels were elevated by 1.6 times in luminal A and B BC. Conclusion. Aggressive course was observed similarly in triple-negative cancer as well as in luminal cancer with primary hormone resistance. Studying of pituitary and sex hormones and cortisol have a great clinical significance in patients with all biological subtypes of BC. This should be taken into account when predicting the course of the disease and developing further treatment options.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-1442 , 1815-1434
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Consilium Medicum
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. e15613-e15613
    Abstract: e15613 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer. More than 60% of all cases of CRC are colon cancer (CC). The role of individual units of the immune system in the development of this tumor is ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to characterize local populations and subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in colorectal cancer with different tumor locations. Methods: The study included 50 CC (adenocarcinoma) patients aged 35-86 years, women n = 26 (52%). Stage I tumors were registered in 4 patients (8%), stage II 25 (50%), stage III 21 (42%). 20 patients (40%) had right-sided CC (group 1), 9 (18%) left-sided CC (group 2), and 21 (42%) sigmoid CC (group 3). All patients received surgical treatment. Cell suspensions were obtained from tumor (TT) and peritumoral tissues (PT) (1-3 cm from the tumor), and then processed with an antibody panel in accordance with the manufacturer instructions (Becton Dickinson, USA) to identify the main populations and subpopulations of leukocytes and lymphocytes. The relative number of major populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes was determined on the BD FACSCanto flow cytometer. Results: A decrease in lymphocytic infiltration was noted left-sided tumors and sigmoid tumors compared to right-sided CC, by 46% and 51%, respectively. The percentage of CD3+ cells was almost the same regardless of the colon tumor location, and the number of main populations of T lymphocytes differed: in group 3, the content of CD4+ cells was 21% higher, and CD8+ cells were 22% lower compared with group 1, while group 2 had no differences. Group 2 differed in the tumor infiltration with both NK and NKT lymphocytes, which were higher by 25% and 22%, respectively, than in group 1. An increase in NK cells was noted in the sigmoid colon (group 3), and the relative number of NKT lymphocytes decreased. A common feature of TT in groups 2 and 3 was an increase in the content of B lymphocytes by 98% and 133%, respectively. PT of group 2 showed a decrease by 72%, 33%, 66%, and 46% in the relative number of lymphocytes, CD4+, NKT and B lymphocytes compared with group 1, together with an increased content of NK and CD8+ lymphocytes. PT in patients of group 3 had a decrease in the number of total and NK lymphocytes by 46% and 26%, respectively, and a significant increase by 85% in the content of CD8+ cells, with no changes in CD3+, CD4+ cells, B and NKT lymphocytes. Conclusions: The local immune status of CRC patients demonstrated a number of differences: right-sided tumors were characterized by a higher T-lymphocytic infiltration with the same tendency in the perifocal tissues, while left-sided and sigmoid tumors showed higher B-lymphocytic infiltration, which can help in the disease prognosis and choice of treatment strategy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Modern Oncology, Consilium Medicum, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2021-11-19), p. 369-402
    Abstract: Lung cancer has the highest morbidity rate among all malignant tumors in men and the highest mortality rate in men and women in Russia. In total, 49 145 new cases of lung cancer were registered (diagnosed) in Russia in 2019. The majority of cases are related to exogenic carcinogens and mainly tobacco smoke. For several decades surgical resection with preoperative cytotoxic therapy was an optimal approach for maximal cure rate. This year recommendations were updated with new strategies including adjuvant anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab following completion of chemotherapy in PD-L1 positive patients and osimertinib for EGFR mutated cases. For this moment available data suggest the increase in disease free survival. Strategic approach to treatment for inoperable patients varies according to the status of driver mutations. New approach includes pretreatment option of testing for a wide spectrum of alterations with NGS based panels. Significant changes were incorporated into treatment of ALK mutated NSCLC with two new options of brigatinib for TKI naive patients and lorlatinib for those who progress on second generation drugs. Treatment strategy for patients without activating mutations is based on PD-L1 status. Tsis year recommendations included atezolizumab as a new monotherapy option for patients with high depression of PD-L1. Also treatment options for pembrolizumab, nivolumab and atezolizimab were widened with prolonged treatment schedules.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1815-1442 , 1815-1434
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Consilium Medicum
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 15_suppl ( 2020-05-20), p. e18564-e18564
    Abstract: e18564 Background: IGF-1 and IGF-2 are powerful mitogenic factors with anti-apoptotic effect. Their overproduction leads to neoangiogenesis and metastasis. Monitoring the level of these factors can serve as a potential predictive tool. The purpose of the study was to study blood levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity depending of the efficacy of chemotherapy (CT) and cetuximab. Methods: The study included 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity T3-4N0-1M0, stage III-IV. The main group (n = 30) received 2 CT cycles with cetuximab: cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 , intravenously, day 1, 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m 2 /day, intravenously, 96-hour continuous infusion, in combination with cetuximab 400 mg/m2 on day 1 in a loading dose, then 250 mg/m2 on days 8 and 15. The control group (n = 20) received 2 CT cycles: intravenous cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 on day 1, intravenous 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m 2 /day, 96-hour continuous infusion on days 1-4. Results were compared with the values in 20 non-cancer donors. Levels of IGF-1 (mcg/L) and IGF-2 (ng/mL) were measured in the blood serum by ELISA using standard test systems (Mediagnost, Germany). Statistical analysis of results was performed using the Statistica 6.0 program (Stat-Soft, 2001). Results: Before treatment, levels of IGF-1 and IGF-2 in patients were lower than in donors by 53.5% and 20.3%, respectively. In patients with partial regression after CT, IGF-1 levels significantly increased by 33% (p 〈 0,05), compared to the values before treatment, while IGF-2 was both within donor and initial values and the IGF-1/IGF-2 ratio was similar to the initial level but 33.3% lower than in donors. The patients in the main group with partial regression normalized IGF-1 levels increasing it compared to initial values – by 87%. IGF-2 levels did not differ statistically significantly from the initial values and were 32.5% lower than in donors. The IGF-1/IGF-2 ratio was 58% higher than before treatment. Conclusions: CT and cetuximab normalized blood levels of IGF-1 in oral cancer patients with partial tumor regression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 15_suppl ( 2018-05-20), p. e14506-e14506
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 15_suppl ( 2019-05-20), p. e15081-e15081
    Abstract: e15081 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common pathology in the world; the annual incidence rate reaches 1 million cases, and the annual mortality rate exceeds 500,000. The target therapy of EGFR with monoclonal drugs improves the survival of patients with this pathology. However, the effectiveness of therapy depends on the presence of mutations in genes involved in the EGFR signaling cascade, in particular KRAS. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of somatic mutations in the KRAS gene in tumor samples of patients from the South Russia diagnosed with colorectal cancer, as well as to analyze the effect of point mutations G12A, G12C, G12D, G12R, G12S, G12V and G13D on tumor metastasis. Methods: 744 patients diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma were examined for mutations in 12th and 13th codons of KRAS. Somatic mutations in the KRAS gene were detected with reagent kit Biolink (Russia) using FFPE DNA samples of tumor tissues. Statistical analysis was performed using the method of binary logistic multiple regression and χ2-test. Results: Mutations in the KRAS gene were found in 32% of patients in the pooled sample; the most common mutation was the replacement of G12D in the KRAS gene (36%). Less common detectable mutations in the KRAS gene were G13D (18%), G12V (16%), G12A (10%), G12C (8%), G12S (10%), G12R (2%). Metastatic CRC was found in 86% of carriers of the wild-type allele and in 88% of carriers of the mutant allele. The presence of a G12V substitution almost 6 times increased the risk of metastasis in patients with CRC (OR = 5.89; 95% CI: 0.8-43.45; p = 0.049). Conclusions: Mutations in the KRAS gene were found in 32% of patients with CRC in the South of Russia. A significant association of G12V replacement with a high risk of metastasis was established. Further study of somatic mutations in the KRAS gene will allow to choose the most effective therapeutic strategies in the presence of one or another of the studied mutations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. e19564-e19564
    Abstract: e19564 Background: Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) develop abnormalities in the structural and functional organization of the immune system leading to immune deficiency. Chemotherapy (CT) in patients after SARS-CoV infection is associated with a more severe disease course affecting the treatment results. The cytokine-producing activity (CPA) of blood cells is poorly studied, while it determines the effectiveness of antitumor and anti-infective functions of the immune system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CPA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients receiving treatment for NHL after COVID-19. Methods: The study included 8 patients with large B-cell NHL with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection in past medical history. All patients received from 3 to 4 chemotherapy cycles. K2EDTA blood samples obtained before and after 3-4 CT cycles were divided into 2 parts after dilution with a sterile nutrient medium solution: part 1, to assess spontaneous CPA; part 2, with addition of a sterile mitogen (phytohemagglutinin 4 μg, concanavalin A 4 μg, and lipopolysaccharide 2 μg) to assess stimulated CPA. The samples were incubated for 24 hours at 37 0 C, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-4, IL-2, TNF- α, INF-ɣ, INF-α were determined in the obtained plasma. The stimulation coefficient (SC) was calculated as the ratio of stimulated CPA to spontaneous CPA. Results: 3-4 CT cycles in patients after COVID-19 was accompanied by an elevation of spontaneous CPA of the blood cells IL-6, INF-ɣ, TNF-α, IL-8, compared to the initial levels, by 678%, 127%, 64% and 57%, respectively. The ability of cells to spontaneous production of IL-10 and INF-α decreased by 30% and 100%. The mitogen-induced CPA of mononuclear cells in relation to IL-10, IL-6, IL-2, IL-1β and INF-α increased by 300%, 130%, 92%, 52% and 52%, respectively. Stimulated CPA in relation to INF-ɣ decreased by 21% compared to initial levels. As a result of the revealed CPA changes, SC in NHL patients after COVID-19 receiving CT increased, compared to the initial levels, by 465%, 92% and 48% respectively for IL-10, IL-2, IL-1β, as well as the appearing ability to INF-α production. SC for IL-6, INF-ɣ, TNF-α, and IL-8 decreased by 70%, 66%, 33% and 27% respectively. Conclusions: Certain features of spontaneous and mitogen-activated CPA of blood mononuclear cells were revealed in NHL patients after COVID-19, indicating a change in the functional activity of immune cells which could affect the development of the disease and the effectiveness of the therapy. The data obtained require additional studies and can be used to assess the condition of patients, as well as to predict the therapy efficacy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 10
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 15_suppl ( 2018-05-20), p. e14505-e14505
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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