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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Pelagic habitat: exploring the concept of good environmental status
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2017
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 74, No. 9 ( 2017-12-01), p. 2333-2341
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 74, No. 9 ( 2017-12-01), p. 2333-2341
    Abstract: Marine environmental legislation is increasingly expressing a need to consider the quality of pelagic habitats. This paper uses the European Union marine strategy framework to explore the concept of good environmental status (GES) of pelagic habitat with the aim to build a wider understanding of the issue. Pelagic ecosystems have static, persistent and ephemeral features, with manageable human activities primarily impacting the persistent features. The paper explores defining the meaning of “good”, setting boundaries to assess pelagic habitat and the challenges of considering habitat biodiversity in a moving medium. It concludes that for pelagic habitats to be in GES and able to provide goods and services to humans, three conditions should be met: (i) all species present under current environmental conditions should be able to find the pelagic habitats essential to close their life cycles; (ii) biogeochemical regulation is maintained at normal levels; (iii) critical physical dynamics and movements of biota and water masses at multiple scales are not obstructed. Reference points for acceptable levels of each condition and how these may change over time in line with prevailing oceanographic conditions, should be discussed by knowledge brokers, managers and stakeholders. Managers should think about a habitat hydrography rather than a habitat geography. Setting the bounds of the habitats requires a consideration of dimension, scale and gradients. It is likely that to deal with the challenges caused by a dynamic environment and the relevance of differing spatial and temporal scales, we will need to integrate multidisciplinary empirical data sets with spatial and temporal models to assess and monitor progress towards, or displacement from GES of the pelagic habitat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsx158
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Redundancy in metrics describing the composition, structure, and functioning of the North Sea demersal fish community
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2012
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 69, No. 1 ( 2012-01-01), p. 8-22
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 69, No. 1 ( 2012-01-01), p. 8-22
    Abstract: Greenstreet, S. P. R., Fraser, H. M., Rogers, S. I., Trenkel, V. M., Simpson, S. D., and Pinnegar, J. K. 2012. Redundancy in metrics describing the composition, structure, and functioning of the North Sea demersal fish community. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 8–22. Broader ecosystem management objectives for North Sea demersal fish currently focus on restoring community size structure. However, most policy drivers explicitly concentrate on restoring and conserving biodiversity, and it has not yet been established that simply restoring demersal fish size composition will be sufficient to reverse declines in biodiversity and ensure a generally healthy community. If different aspects of community composition, structure, and function vary independently, then to monitor all aspects of community general health will require application of a suite of metrics. This assumes low redundancy among the metrics used in any such suite and implies that addressing biodiversity issues specifically will require explicit management objectives for particular biodiversity metrics. This issue of metric redundancy is addressed, and 15 metrics covering five main attributes of community composition, structure, and function are applied to groundfish survey data. Factor analysis suggested a new interpretation of the metric information and indicated that a minimum suite of seven metrics was necessary to ensure that all changes in the general health of the North Sea demersal fish community were monitored properly. Covariance among size-based and species-diversity metrics was low, implying that restoration of community size structure would not necessarily reverse declines in species diversity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsr188
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of approaches for incorporating depredation on fisheries catches into Ecopath
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 77, No. 7-8 ( 2020-12-01), p. 3153-3167
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 77, No. 7-8 ( 2020-12-01), p. 3153-3167
    Abstract: Ecosystem-based approaches are increasingly used in fisheries management to account for the direct trophic impacts of fish population harvesting. However, fisheries can also indirectly alter ecosystem structure and functioning, for instance via the provision of new feeding opportunities to marine predators. For instance, marine depredation, where predators feed on fishery catches on fishing gear, is a behaviour developed by many marine species globally. This behaviour can modify both the ecological role of predators and fisheries performance. Yet, these ecosystem-wide effects of depredation are rarely considered holistically. In this study, we explored different ways of incorporating depredation into an Ecopath trophic model. We assessed, through a subantarctic case study, how three alternative model structures can account for depredation effects on fishery catches, predator and non-commercial prey populations, as well as target fish stocks. While none adequately addresses all facets of depredation, the alternative models can to some extent capture how depredation can lead to increased fishing pressure on stocks. As structural specificities of Ecopath prevented us from representing other depredation effects such as provisioning effects for predator populations, we conclude this study with a set of guidance to effectively capture the complex effects of depredation in marine ecosystems and fisheries models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsaa219
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468003-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Contrasted spatio-temporal changes in the demersal fish assemblages and the dominance of the environment vs fishing pressure, in the Bay of Biscay and Celtic Sea
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Progress in Oceanography Vol. 204 ( 2022-06), p. 102788-
    Details
    In: Progress in Oceanography, Elsevier BV, Vol. 204 ( 2022-06), p. 102788-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0079-6611
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102788
    RVK:
    RB 10402
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
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    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The relative importance of environmental stochasticity, interspecific interactions, and observation error: Insights from sardine and anchovy landings
    Elsevier BV ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Marine Systems Vol. 125 ( 2013-09), p. 77-89
    Details
    In: Journal of Marine Systems, Elsevier BV, Vol. 125 ( 2013-09), p. 77-89
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0924-7963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.09.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483106-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1041191-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hazard warning: model misuse ahead
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2014
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2014-10-01), p. 2300-2306
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 71, No. 8 ( 2014-10-01), p. 2300-2306
    Abstract: The use of modelling approaches in marine science, and in particular fisheries science, is explored. We highlight that the choice of model used for an analysis should account for the question being posed or the context of the management problem. We examine a model-classification scheme based on Richard Levins' 1966 work suggesting that models can only achieve two of three desirable model attributes: realism, precision, and generality. Model creation, therefore, requires trading-off of one of these attributes in favour of the other two: however, this is often in conflict with the desires of end-users (i.e. mangers or policy developers). The combination of attributes leads to models that are considered to have empirical, mechanistic, or analytical characteristics, but not a combination of them. In fisheries science, many examples can be found of models with these characteristics. However, we suggest that models or techniques are often employed without consideration of their limitations, such as projecting into unknown space without generalism, or fitting empirical models and inferring causality. We suggest that the idea of trade-offs and limitations in modelling be considered as an essential first step in assessing the utility of a model in the context of knowledge for decision-making in management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fst215
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 29056-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploitation and depredation rates determine viability of depredation-impacted fisheries
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Ecological Modelling Vol. 483 ( 2023-09), p. 110444-
    Details
    In: Ecological Modelling, Elsevier BV, Vol. 483 ( 2023-09), p. 110444-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0304-3800
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110444
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 191971-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000879-X
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Qualitative modelling and indicators of exploited ecosystems
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Fish and Fisheries Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2009-09), p. 305-322
    Details
    In: Fish and Fisheries, Wiley, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2009-09), p. 305-322
    Abstract: Implementing ecosystem‐based fisheries management requires indicators and models that address the impacts of fishing across entire ecological communities. However, the complexity of many ecosystems presents a challenge to analysis, especially if reliant on quantification because of the onerous task of precisely measuring or estimating numerous parameters. We present qualitative modelling as a complementary approach to quantitative methods. Qualitative modelling clarifies how community structure alone affects dynamics, here of exploited populations. We build an array of models that describe different ecosystems with different harvesting practices, and analyse them to predict responses to various perturbations. This approach demonstrates the utility of qualitative modelling as a means to identify and interpret community‐level indicators for systems that are at or near equilibrium, and for those that are frequently perturbed away from equilibrium. Examining the interaction of ecological and socio‐economic variables associated with commercial fisheries provides an understanding of the main feedbacks that drive and regulate exploited ecosystems. The method is particularly useful for systems where the basic relationships between variables are understood but where precise or detailed data are lacking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-2960 , 1467-2979
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/faf.2009.10.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00323.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Emerging monitoring technologies to reduce illegal fishing activities at sea and prevent entry of fraudulent fish into markets
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems Vol. 7 ( 2023-5-19)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2023-5-19)
    Abstract: National and global priorities are increasingly focused on the concurrent marine fisheries challenges of food security, illegal fishing, and declining fisheries resources. Molecular genetics and electronic monitoring technologies can advance solutions to these challenges, particularly in fisheries surveillance and seafood traceability, and a growing number of studies continues to validate the utility of these tools. What is needed next is guidance to support their wider, more conventional adoption and implementation, either complementary to or in the absence of government policies. Here, we synthesize discussion held during the Borchard Foundation Colloquium held in July 2022 in Missillac, France on modernizing global fisheries with emerging technologies. Our aim is to provide perspectives to scientists, resource managers, and policy makers of emerging monitoring technologies, summarize the utility of these technologies in fisheries, and conclude with how the objective to modernize global marine fisheries is a prime opportunity to engage fresh talent in a new era of fisheries innovation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2571-581X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1166131
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2928540-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating gear efficiency in a combined acoustic and trawl survey, with reference to the spatial distribution of demersal fish
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2010
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 67, No. 4 ( 2010-05-01), p. 668-676
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 67, No. 4 ( 2010-05-01), p. 668-676
    Abstract: Doray, M., Mahévas, S., and Trenkel, V. M. 2010. Estimating gear efficiency in a combined acoustic and trawl survey, with reference to the spatial distribution of demersal fish. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 668–676. Few analyses have been performed to estimate the efficiency of trawls targeting demersal fish using the ratio of catches and acoustic densities. In summer 2006, acoustic and fishing data were collected simultaneously over 3 d by three fishing vessels equipped with identical pelagic trawls in the Bay of Biscay. Variography identified moderate spatial autocorrelation in the acoustic backscatter at a mean scale of 3 km, a scale slightly smaller than the mean haul length (3.5 km), indicating that fish horizontal availability did not influence trawl efficiency. Acoustic backscattering densities expressed as nautical area scattering coefficients (NASCs) recorded in the trawled layer were compared with equivalent NASC (ENASC) values calculated from the species composition in the trawl, fish-length structure, and available relationships between target strength and fish length. Estimates of trawl efficiency for hake-dominated trawls were computed as the slopes of the relationships ENASC = 0.008 NASC and ENASC = 0.18 NASC0.31 for trawls made by day and night, respectively. For the whole demersal community, the relationships were ENASC = 0.022 NASC and ENASC = 0.17 NASC0.33 for trawls made by day and night, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsp277
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 29056-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21,3
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