In:
Angewandte Chemie, Wiley, Vol. 135, No. 35 ( 2023-08-28)
Abstract:
Aqueous electrolytes typically suffer from poor electrochemical stability; however, eutectic aqueous solutions—25 wt.% LiCl and 62 wt.% H 3 PO 4 —cooled to −78 °C exhibit a significantly widened stability window. Integrated experimental and simulation results reveal that, upon cooling, Li + ions become less hydrated and pair up with Cl − , ice‐like water clusters form, and H⋅⋅⋅Cl − bonding strengthens. Surprisingly, this low‐temperature solvation structure does not strengthen water molecules’ O−H bond, bucking the conventional wisdom that increasing water's stability requires stiffening the O−H covalent bond. We propose a more general mechanism for water's low temperature inertness in the electrolyte: less favorable solvation of OH − and H + , the byproducts of hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions. To showcase this stability, we demonstrate an aqueous Li‐ion battery using LiMn 2 O 4 cathode and CuSe anode with a high energy density of 109 Wh/kg. These results highlight the potential of aqueous batteries for polar and extraterrestrial missions.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0044-8249
,
1521-3757
DOI:
10.1002/ange.v135.35
DOI:
10.1002/ange.202307212
Language:
English
Publisher:
Wiley
Publication Date:
2023
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