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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plant hydraulics improves and topography mediates prediction of aspen mortality in southwestern USA
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  New Phytologist Vol. 213, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 113-127
    Details
    In: New Phytologist, Wiley, Vol. 213, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 113-127
    Abstract: Elevated forest mortality has been attributed to climate change‐induced droughts, but prediction of spatial mortality patterns remains challenging. We evaluated whether introducing plant hydraulics and topographic convergence‐induced soil moisture variation to land surface models ( LSM ) can help explain spatial patterns of mortality. A scheme predicting plant hydraulic safety loss from soil moisture was developed using field measurements and a plant physiology–hydraulics model, TREES . The scheme was upscaled to Populus tremuloides forests across Colorado, USA , using LSM ‐modeled and topography‐mediated soil moisture, respectively. The spatial patterns of hydraulic safety loss were compared against aerial surveyed mortality. Incorporating hydraulic safety loss raised the explanatory power of mortality by 40% compared to LSM ‐modeled soil moisture. Topographic convergence was mostly influential in suppressing mortality in low and concave areas, explaining an additional 10% of the variations in mortality for those regions. Plant hydraulics integrated water stress along the soil–plant continuum and was more closely tied to plant physiological response to drought. In addition to the well‐recognized topo‐climate influence due to elevation and aspect, we found evidence that topographic convergence mediates tree mortality in certain parts of the landscape that are low and convergent, likely through influences on plant‐available water.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-646X , 1469-8137
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/nph.2017.213.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/nph.14098
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Relationship of Isentropic Back Trajectories with Observed Wind Direction and Synoptic Type in the North Atlantic
    American Meteorological Society ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 1989-01), p. 25-42
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 1989-01), p. 25-42
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8763 , 1520-0450
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/1520-0450(1989)028〈0025:AROIBT〉2.0.CO;2
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 1989
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Primary quantum yields of NO 2 photodissociation
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1987
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 92, No. D6 ( 1987-06-20), p. 6642-6652
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 92, No. D6 ( 1987-06-20), p. 6642-6652
    Abstract: A large discrepancy exists among recent estimates of the primary quantum efficiencies (ϕ 1 ) of nitrogen dioxide photodecomposition, NO 2 + h ν → NO + O( 3 P ), in the wavelength range from 374 to 396 nm. To resolve this problem, quantum yields of formation of NO, O 2 , and NO 2 loss have been measured for NO 2 vapor at low pressures (0.13–0.30 torr) irradiated at selected wavelengths (334.1–404.3 nm) and temperatures (273–370 K). From these data, estimates of ϕ 1 were derived which confirm the previous findings of Jones and Bayes (1973 b ): ϕ 1 increases rapidly from near zero at 424 nm to near unity for excitation at λ 〈 394 nm. The temperature and wavelength dependences of ϕ 1 appear to be in qualitative accord with the simple theory of Pitts et al. (1964) that the energy deficiency for photodissociation of NO 2 excited at λ 〉 397.9 nm (λ diss ) is made up in large part from the rotational and vibrational energy of the NO 2 molecules. Recommended values for ϕ 1 based upon a review of these data and estimates made over a period of 58 years, are given as a function of wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JD092iD06p06642
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1987
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Collection of microparticles at high balloon altitudes in the stratosphere
    Elsevier BV ; 1990
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol. 98, No. 3-4 ( 1990-6), p. 287-302
    Details
    In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier BV, Vol. 98, No. 3-4 ( 1990-6), p. 287-302
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90031-R
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1990
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Atmospheric bromine in the Arctic
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1983
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 88, No. C11 ( 1983-08-20), p. 6719-6736
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 88, No. C11 ( 1983-08-20), p. 6719-6736
    Abstract: We report the first measurements of both particulate and gas phase bromine in the Arctic troposphere. Data from continuous sampling of the Arctic aerosol over a period of 4 years (1976–1980) indicate that the bromine content in the aerosol averages 6±4 ngBr/SCM (5±3 pptm Br) for 9 months of every year. During the 3‐month period between February 15 and May 15, however, we observed an annual sharp maximum in particulate bromine with levels exceeding 100 ngBr/SCM (82 pptm Br). The Arctic aerosol showed no bromine enrichment relative to seawater except for this 3 month peak period. During the bromine maximum, enrichment factors reached 40 with average values near 10. Calculations of the amount of excess bromine in the Arctic aerosol showed that over 90% of the peak bromine had an origin other than from direct bulk seawater injection. Total levels of gas phase bromine in the Arctic troposphere found during the peak aerosol period averaged 422±48 ngBr/SCM (118±14 pptv). Total bromine content during this period averaged 474±49 ngBr/SCM with gas‐to‐particle ratios ranging from 7 to 18. A measurement under nonpeak conditions showed total bromine levels at 〈 25 ngBr/SCM. The possibility that local contamination contributed to the seasonal development of the 3‐month bromine peak was carefully considered and ruled out. Elevated particulate bromine levels, with peak values ranging from 22 to 30 ngBr/SCM, were also found at Ny‐Alesund, Spitsbergen (Norway). The apparent seasonal nature of this bromine peak suggests that the large bromine maximum observed at Barrow is not an isolated or unique phenomenon characteristic of that sampling location. The level of total bromine in the Arctic troposphere during the 3‐month maximum was found to exceed all measurements made in the natural troposphere by up to an order of magnitude. When compared to the natural background levels, the results presented in this paper indicate that the bromine concentrations in the Arctic troposphere are the highest found anywhere in the world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JC088iC11p06719
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1983
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Brominated organic species in the Arctic atmosphere
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1984
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 1984-05), p. 429-432
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 1984-05), p. 429-432
    Abstract: Measurements are reported of four gas‐phase, brominated organic species found in the Arctic atmosphere during March and April 1983. Volume mixing ratios for CH 3 Br, CH 2 BrCH 2 Br, CHBr 3 , and CH 2 Br 2 were determined by GC/MS analysis from samples taken Arctic wide, including at the geographic North Pole and during a tropopause folding event over Baffin Bay near Thule, Greenland. Methyl bromide mixing ratios were reasonably constant at 11 ± 4 pptv while the other three brominated organics showed a high degree of variability. Bromoform (2 to 46 pptv) was found to be the dominant contributor to gaseous organic bromine to the Arctic troposphere at 38 ± 10% followed by CH 2 Br 2 (3 to 60 pptv) at 29 ± 6%. Both CH 3 Br and CH 2 BrCH 2 Br (1 to 37 pptv) reservoirs contained less than 20% of the organically bound bromine. Stratospheric samples, taken during a tropopause folding event, showed mixing ratios for all four species at levels high enough to support a stratospheric total volume mixing ratio of 249 pptv Br (888 ngBr/SCM).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/GL011i005p00429
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photodecomposition of acrolein in oxygen-nitrogen mixtures
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 1987
    In:  The Journal of Physical Chemistry Vol. 91, No. 7 ( 1987-03), p. 1922-1930
    Details
    In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 91, No. 7 ( 1987-03), p. 1922-1930
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-3654 , 1541-5740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1021/j100291a048
    RVK:
    VA 5430
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association of Country Income Level With the Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Kidney International Reports Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 1514-1530
    Details
    In: Kidney International Reports, Elsevier BV, Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 1514-1530
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2468-0249
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.05.015
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Scientific Data Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-07-30)
    Details
    In: Scientific Data, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2022-07-30)
    Abstract: The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-4463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01534-9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2023-04-19), p. 355-376
    Details
    In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2023-04-19), p. 355-376
    Abstract: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0300-5771 , 1464-3685
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad012
    RVK:
    XF 4100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
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