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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A New Tool on the Horizon for Forensic Dentistry
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2022-04-28), p. 5352-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 19, No. 9 ( 2022-04-28), p. 5352-
    Abstract: Teeth and bones of calvarium are important structures from a forensic point of view, as they are extremely resilient to destruction or decomposition, even under temperature variations. Radiology is inevitably an important tool in forensic investigations. Maxillofacial radiology provides a considerable amount of information for the identification of remains and evidence in case of legal matters. The advent of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the arena of maxillofacial 3D imaging has contributed immensely to forensic science such as the age estimation through teeth, analysis of bite marks, determination of race and sex, etc. The advantages of accuracy in imaging the anatomy, digitized technology favoring easier comparison of records and storage of records for a longer period, cost reduction, dose reduction, and easier portability have made it an unavoidable adjunct in forensic investigations. The aim of this paper is to review and highlight the importance of CBCT in successful forensic identification and analysis. This review is written to address the various aspects of CBCT as a recently developed technology that may be very useful in some forensic contexts, based on searches for current studies in the literature using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, to identify studies published since inception to December 2021, with no language restriction. In conclusion, CBCT is an accessible 3D imaging technology with many applications, one of them being in forensic sciences.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095352
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
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    Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Guidance Angles Measured Using Arcon and Non-Arcon Articulators and Panoramic Radiographs—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Life Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2023-06-08), p. 1352-
    Details
    In: Life, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2023-06-08), p. 1352-
    Abstract: The condylar guidance value (CGV) measurement constitutes an important part of a holistic prosthodontic treatment plan, with horizontal CGVs (HCGVs) and lateral CGVs (LCGVs) being two of the most prominently recognized. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two different types of CGV measurement protocols—articulators (both arcon and non-arcon) and panoramic radiographs. Additionally, it attempts to determine which of the mentioned methods performs better across several parameters. Several important web databases were searched using search terms derived from medical subject headings (MeSH), using keywords linked to “Arcon articulator”, “Condylar guidance angle”, “non-arcon articulator”, “Panoramic x-ray” and “Radiographic examination”, which constituted the first step in the study selection strategy. After completion, the search strategy which initially turned up to 831 papers, eventually ended up with 13 studies. The review and subsequent meta-analysis revealed that panoramic radiographs had noticeably greater efficacy in terms of the CGVs as compared to the articulators in the majority of the studies. Within the articulators, the arcon types recorded slightly higher CGVs than the non-arcon variety owing to the precision of jaw movement simulation in the former. However, further studies are required to validate these findings and establish more precise guidelines for the use of CGV measurement protocols in prosthodontic practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-1729
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/life13061352
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662250-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shade Selection in Esthetic Dentistry: A Review
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Cureus
    Details
    In: Cureus, Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2168-8184
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23331
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2747273-5
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  • 4
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    Assessing the Prevalence and Association of Pulp Stones with Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus in the Saudi Arabian Population—A CBCT Based Study
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 17, No. 24 ( 2020-12-11), p. 9293-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 17, No. 24 ( 2020-12-11), p. 9293-
    Abstract: The detection of pulp stone in a patient suffering from undiagnosed systemic diseases can be an early diagnostic indicator. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of pulp stones in the Saudi Arabian population with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. In a retrospective study, we included cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 73 patients with cardiovascular disease and 76 patients with diabetes mellitus as group I and II, respectively. Group III comprised of CBCT scan of 80 healthy controls. From a total of 229 scans, 4807 teeth were screened for pulp stones throughout the arches. A chi-square test was used for comparing the prevalence of pulp stones among the groups. Univariable and multivariable analysis was done to evaluate the independent risk indicators for pulp stones. The tooth-wise prevalence of pulp stones in group I, II, and III was found to be 16.65%, 9.01%, and 3.86%, respectively. Patient-wise (p 〈 0.01) and tooth-wise (p 〈 0.01) prevalence was recorded significantly highest in the cardiovascular group followed by the diabetic group. The control group had the least prevalence. Significantly (p 〈 0.01) higher number of pulp stones were found in cardiovascular patients with age 〉 50 years compared to other groups. Similarly, a significantly increased number of pulp stones were seen in the 1st molar (p 〈 0.05) and the maxillary jaw (p 〈 0.05) of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Subjects with cardiovascular disease and diabetes were found to have 2.94 times (p 〈 0.001; CI 1.54–3.10) and 1.81 times (p 〈 0.01; CI 0.48–2.06) higher risk of having pulp stones in comparison to healthy subjects. The first molar has 2.20 times (p 〈 0.001; CI 0.84–2.45) increased the risk of having pulp stones compared to other tooth types. Systemic disease such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus poses a higher risk for the development of pulp stones. Among the systemic disease group, patients in the cardiovascular group showed a higher risk for pulp stones and also reported the maximum number of pulp stones compared to the diabetic and healthy subjects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249293
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
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    Outcome Assessment after Reconstruction of Tumor-Related Mandibular Defects Using Free Vascularized Fibular Flap—A Clinical Study
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-01-09), p. 193-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2023-01-09), p. 193-
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the outcomes of the free vascularized fibular flap in the reconstruction of mandibular defects, and to assess the oral health impact profile of these patients before surgery and after oral rehabilitation. Patients requiring reconstruction of defects greater than 6 cm were selected for this study. The defect size and type, the size of the required skin paddle, the need for second flaps, the intraoperative complications, and the type of closure were documented. Patients were evaluated postoperatively for function, aesthetics, and donor- or reconstruction-site complications. The validated oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) questionnaires were filled before and after surgery and after dental rehabilitation. This study included 11 cases of squamous-cell carcinomas, 2 cases of malignant nerve sheath tumors, and 1 case each of malignant melanoma, ameloblastoma, giant-cell tumor, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. The analysis revealed a significant association (p = 0.030) of gender with free vascular flap complications, while no significant association (p 〉 0.05) was found when donor- and recipient- site complications, as well as the type of resection (Brown’s classification), were compared with free vascular flaps. Moreover, the total OHIP-14 scores for patients before surgery, after surgery, and after dental rehabilitation were 12.03 ± 1.34, 10.66 ± 1.41, and 08.33 ± 0.62, respectively. The oral health-related quality of life was markedly improved after the reconstruction of the mandibular defects with free vascularized fibular flap and dental rehabilitation. The overall success rate of fibular flap in our study was 72.2%, which is lower than that reported in the literature. This may be attributed to the fact that almost all of our cases included large segmental defects that extended across the midline of the mandible.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020193
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 6
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    Do learning style preferences influence the cumulative gross point average and self directed learning hours in dental students: a preliminary study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Medical Education Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Medical Education, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: Learning styles influence the outcome of the student performances based on preliminary data available. To evaluate whether the learning styles discriminate the cumulative gross point average (CGPA) scores and self-directed learning hours (SDL) in an integrated curriculum of dental students. Methods Participants in this blinded cross-sectional study were dental students enrolled in the Bachelor of Dental & Oral Surgery program at XXXX College of Dentistry. An online survey (Kolb Learning Style Inventory) was used to collect data. It has four sections: Concrete Experience (CE), Abstract Conceptualization (AC), Reflective Observation (RO), and Active Experimentation (AE). Questionnaire was distributed electronically to students of Academic level 1 to 5, selected by using non-probability quota sampling technique. In addition to learning style assessment the questionnaire also included measures to obtain data such as gender, academic level, CGPA score, and SDL hours of participants. The CGPA scores were categorized into average (3 to 3.6), good (3.7 to 4.2), excellent (4.3 to 4.7) and outstanding ( 〉  4.7) as well as SDL in to three classes as,  〈  1 h,  〉  1 but  〈  3 h and  〉  3 h. Discriminant function test was computed to assess the effectiveness of discrimination by the learning styles in GPA and SDL. Results The study's questionnaire was completed by 198 participants (43% females and 57% males). Learning styles were discriminated by excellent category of CGPA scores that presented 72.1% group membership whereas in case of outstanding category presented the least as 17% group membership. Learning styles were discriminated by  〉  2 but  〈  3 h category of SDL hours that presented 69.7% group membership. Conclusion Learning styles can be used to discriminate the student academic performances and self-directed learning hours. Among the different category of CGPA participants with outstanding performance represent a good prediction for learning styles preferences. Participants with varying SDL hours also influenced the learning styles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-6920
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03535-z
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2044473-4
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  • 7
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    The Effect of Accentuation of Curve of Spee on Masticatory Efficiency—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Children Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2023-03-04), p. 511-
    Details
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2023-03-04), p. 511-
    Abstract: Background: The appropriate alignment of the lower teeth is indicated by the Curve of Spee (COS), which can be observed in the sagittal profile view of human skulls. Graf Von Spee made the initial observation on this occlusal curvature. Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated studies that looked at how COS affected masticatory activities. Methods: The databases PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus were all searched. A total of 12 documents were ultimately picked because they met the necessary inclusion and exclusion requirements. The data was then loaded into the RevMan 5 programme for meta-analysis after being chosen for information on the sample size, variables analyzed, and various aspects of the research. Results: The Curve of Spee was found to have a noticeable impact on both the masticatory efficiency as well as dentofacial alignment in the 12 studies that we selected for the review and meta-analysis. In addition, other occlusal curvatures such as the Curve of Monson and the Curve of Wilson were found to be of vital importance on a similar level to the COS. The meta-analysis further revealed that seven of the included clinical trials had mentioned the noticeable impact on masticatory efficiency. Conclusions: This study focused on the significance of the COS on force distribution in the oral cavity as well as the necessity of COS corrections after receiving full orthodontic care. Following orthodontic treatment, the COS, along with other occlusal curves such as the Curve of Wilson and the Curve of Monson, is essential in removing strains from the condyle, as well as the maxilla and mandible, which enhances masticatory effectiveness and lessens the overall strain on a patient’s oral cavity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/children10030511
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Periodontal Clinical Parameters as a Predictor of Bite Force: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2021 ( 2021-5-10), p. 1-8
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-5-10), p. 1-8
    Abstract: Objective. To investigate the correlation of periodontal parameters and bite force in different stages of periodontitis after phase I periodontal therapy. Methods. Periodontal clinical parameters such as mobility, attachment loss, gingival recession, and percentage of bone remaining were recorded at the mandibular first molar region after phase I therapy in subjects categorized according to the stage of periodontitis. Corresponding bite force was recorded at the first mandibular molar region using a bite force device after phase I therapy. ANOVA test was used to assess the significant difference among different groups. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between measured variables. Results. The ANOVA test represents that there is no statistical significant difference between the bite force in stage I, stage II, and stage III type of periodontitis. A strong positive correlation was found ( r = 0.537 ) between bite force and percentage of remaining alveolar bone support whereas negative correlation was observed in measured parameters such as mobility ( r = − 0.0181 ), attachment loss ( r = − 0.608 ), and gingival recession ( r = − 0.435 ). Conclusion. Among all periodontal clinical parameters, the percentage of remaining alveolar bone is the strong predictor of bite force and mobility; attachment loss and gingival recession cannot predict the bite force in the first molar region. Bite force is variable in different stages of periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6141 , 2314-6133
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/5582946
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-04-20), p. 1189-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 8 ( 2023-04-20), p. 1189-
    Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases, and ignoring dental health care before and after treatment can have severe long-term consequences. Additionally, this may have a negative impact on the patient’s general quality of life. Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among breast cancer patients and identify possible factors associated with the outcome. Methodology: In this observational cross-sectional study, 200 women who had received breast cancer therapy and were being followed up at a hospital made up the sample. The study was conducted between January 2021 and July 2022. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, general health, and breast cancer was recorded. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth index was used in clinical examinations to identify caries experience. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. After adjusting for confounding variables, a logistic regression analysis was used to determine the related factors. Results: The mean OHIP-14 score was 11.48 (SD 1.35). There was a 63.0% prevalence of negative impacts. Age and the time frame from cancer diagnosis were found to be significantly linked with the outcome by binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: Breast cancer survivors who were ≤55 years old and the time elapsed since diagnosis was less than 36 months had a poor OHRQoL. To lessen the negative impacts of cancer treatment and enhance quality of life, patients with breast cancer need special oral care and should be monitored before, during, and after cancer treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081189
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 10
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    Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Oral Mucosal Diseases: Reliability and Validity of Urdu Version of Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire (COMDQ)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-02-17), p. 606-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 2023-02-17), p. 606-
    Abstract: The aim of the study was to translate and validate the Urdu version of the Chronic Oral Mucosal Disease Questionnaire (COMDQ) and measure the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Pakistani patients with chronic oral mucosal disease. One hundred and twenty patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases were recruited for this study. Two types of reliability of the COMDQ were tested. First, the internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha, and second, test-retest reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Convergent validity was assessed for testing the validity of the COMDQ by examining the correlations with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and OHIP-14 using Pearson’s correlations coefficient, and a t-test was used to compare the COMDQ domains and the socio-demographic characteristics. The most prevalent chronic oral mucosal disease (COMD) among the participants was recurrent aphthous stomatitis (47.5%), and the least prevalent was oral granulomatosis (6.6%). The total mean score for COMDQ was 43.5 (SD = 18.4). It showed a high level of internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = 0.81), and test-retest reliability was also good (r = 0.85). The total score of COMDQ was strongly correlated with the total score of OHIP-14 and VAS (r = 0.86 and r = 0.83), which indicated good convergent validity. The score of pain and the functional limitation domain reported a significant difference with age (p 〈 0.021) and employment status (p 〈 0.034). The Urdu version of COMDQ is an accurate, valid, and reliable instrument that can be used to assess the OHRQoL in patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases in Pakistani and other Urdu-speaking populations of different age groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040606
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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