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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    The Role of the Pediatric Dentist in the Multidisciplinary Management of the Cleft Lip Palate Patient
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 18 ( 2021-09-08), p. 9487-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 18 ( 2021-09-08), p. 9487-
    Abstract: The focus of this paper is the pediatric dental care of Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) children and the role of the pediatric dentist in the CLP team. The management of children with cleft lip and palate presents many challenges and a multidisciplinary and prepared team is always required. Affected individuals present a multiplicity of problems: effective management involves a wide range of specialities. The value of a multidisciplinary team is widely known and mentioned in the literature, but very few papers focus on the role and the importance of the pediatric dentist. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to underline the role of the pediatric dentist as a member of the cleft lip and palate team which ranges from prenatal counseling, presurgical prevention and orthopedics, to post-treatment rehabilitation and restoration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189487
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Primary Oro-Facial Manifestations of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Pediatric Age: A Bi-Institutional Retrospective Study on 45 Cases
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Children Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2020-08-19), p. 104-
    Details
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2020-08-19), p. 104-
    Abstract: Aims: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis is a rare hematologic disorder usually affecting children and most commonly involving the head and neck region. Primary oro-facial manifestations are rare, and their diagnosis is often challenging as they are numerous and often resemble common pathologies, refractory to conventional medical and/or instrumental treatments. For such reasons, the diagnosis is frequently delayed, as is the following staging and therapy onset. We retrospectively studied 45 pediatric patients affected by Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with onset in the head and neck, to examine their clinical and radiological features at the early stage. Materials and Methods: The study was a retrospective bi-institutional analysis (Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Pediatric Oncology of “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine of the University of Bari “Aldo Moro”), which enrolled 45 patients (age range 0–18 year-old) affected by Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with oro-facial onset. Data regarding clinical appearance, number, site, synchronous or metachronous occurrence, involved tissues/organs, radiographic features and clinical outcomes were collected, listed and overall differentiated by two age ranges (0–10-year-olds and 10–18-year-olds). Results: Patients were 26 males and 19 females, with an average age at the time of diagnosis of 4.8 ± 3.8 years (median = 3.9 years). The most common findings were inflamed, hyperplastic, painful and often ulcerated gingival lesions (22 cases), associated with deciduous tooth mobility and/or dislocation with bone loss in 18 cases, followed by nine single eosinophilic granulomas of the mandible and two of the maxilla. Lesions of the palatal mucosa were observed in six patients; nine patients showed on radiograms the characteristic “floating teeth” appearance in the mandible with synchronous lesions of the maxilla in six. Paresthesia was relatively un-frequent (three cases) and the pathological fracture of the mandible occurred in six. Head/neck lymph nodes involvement was associated with oral lesions in 12 cases and skull lesions in 14. Otitis (media or externa) was detected in four instances, exophthalmia in two, cutaneous rush in nine, contextual presence or subsequent onset of insipidus diabetes in eight. As for therapy, single or multiple small jaw lesions were all surgically removed; chemotherapy with vinblastine alone or associated with corticosteroids was the principal treatment in almost the 80% of cases; more than 50% of patients received corticosteroids, while only three patients received adjunctive radiotherapy. The overall mortality account for less than 9% (four of 45 cases) and recurrence observed in eight patients after therapy. Conclusions: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis may mimic several oro-facial inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Considering the potential disabling sequela following head and neck localization of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in children, especially at the periodontal tissues with teeth and alveolar bone loss, lesion recognition along with the histological examination of suspicious tissues is mandatory to achieve an early diagnosis and to prevent further organ involvement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/children7090104
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    The Characteristics of Adjacent Anatomy of Mandibular Third Molar Germs: A CBCT Pilot Study in Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2020-09-30), p. 372-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2020-09-30), p. 372-
    Abstract: (1) Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the anatomical features of lower third molar and its adjacent anatomical connections in type I Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) patients through cone beam computed tomography (cbct). (2) Methods: The study was conducted among 25 patients, 13 patients with type I OI and 12 control patients (individuals with no disorders and no treatment); average age was 15.44 ± 2.06, 23 third molar germs for each group. The germs have been compared to the parameters using the Mann-Whitney test. A chi-square test was also used to investigate the correlation between the status case/control and tooth development stage. (3) Results: Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between cases and controls: diameter of the tooth germ in toto (U = 93.5; p 〈 0.001), tooth development stage, (U = 145; p 〈 0.01), roots length (U = 44.5; p 〈 0.01), cementoenamel junction diameter (U = 157.5; p 〈 0.05), size of the pulp chamber (U = 95.5; p 〈 0.05). Type I OI is not associated with the relationship between the germ of mandibular third molar and alveolar canal on axial plane (χ2 = 4.095; p = 0.129), and parasagittal (χ2 = 4.800; p = 0.091). The association between type I OI and relationship with the germ of mandibular third molar and alveolar canal on the coronal plane has been significant (χ2 = 9.778; p 〈 0.05) as the perforation of the lingual cortical bone in the region of mandibular third molar tooth germ (χ2 = 11.189; p 〈 0.01). (4) Conclusions: The results confirm the cbct accuracy in the evaluation of bone density in type I OI patients giving also the opportunity to study the tridimensional anatomy of germs and the adjacent anatomical structures in order to avoid any perioperative complications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040372
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Dilated Odontoma Arising in the Mandibular Third Molar Germ: Report of a Case of an Unusual Lesion in an Uncommon Site
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2021-12-02), p. 2256-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2021-12-02), p. 2256-
    Abstract: Dilated odontoma is the most severe variant of dens invaginatus. It is extremely uncommon in the posterior mandible. It is thought to originate during the morpho-differentiation stage of dental development. However, its etiology and pathogenesis remain obscure. We report here the clinical and pathologic findings of an incidentally discovered dilated odontoma arising in the left third mandibular molar germ of an 11-year-old male and a review of the pertinent literature. As dilated odontoma is not established as an independent entity in the current WHO classification of odontogenic tumors and is the result of a well-established developmental anomaly of the tooth (that is, the invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla), it should be better identified as dilated dens invaginatus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122256
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Oral Health Status of Children with Autism in Central Italy
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-03-26), p. 2247-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-03-26), p. 2247-
    Abstract: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significantly higher prevalence and caries severity compared to the average population. Knowledge about the oral health indices of children with this mental disorder is key to designing efficient plans of intervention. This paper reports the results of a study on the oral health status of children with ASD in central Italy. This is the first study of this type in Italy. The sample consists of 229 autistic children aged between 5 and 14 years, attending the Unit of Special Needs Policlinico Umberto I in Rome. Each patient received an intraoral examination to investigate decayed, missing, and filled teeth as well as periodontal status. Information on demographic attributes, dietary habits, medical history, and child’s cooperativeness at the first visit was also recorded. Of the participants, 79.26% presented signs of gingivitis and about 90% of them had plaque. Caries prevalence was 66.38%. The average of the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth in the permanent and primary dentition was 2.91. Among the factors considered, only dietary habits and the periodontal indices showed statistically significant association with caries prevalence and caries severity. Despite the selection bias, that prevents us to interpret the results presented as epidemiological evidence, our study suggests that children with ASD in central Italy represent a population at risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10072247
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Unusual Intraoral Lipoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
    International Scientific Information, Inc. ; 2020
    In:  American Journal of Case Reports Vol. 21 ( 2020-06-21)
    Details
    In: American Journal of Case Reports, International Scientific Information, Inc., Vol. 21 ( 2020-06-21)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1941-5923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.923503
    Language: English
    Publisher: International Scientific Information, Inc.
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2517183-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cure pediatriche in odontoiatria: problemi e soluzioni - Modulo 3: Problematiche del mascellare superiore in età evolutiva: l’inclusione del secondo molare deciduo
    Edra SpA ; 2020
    In:  Dental Cadmos Vol. 88, No. 03 ( 2020-03), p. 1-
    Details
    In: Dental Cadmos, Edra SpA, Vol. 88, No. 03 ( 2020-03), p. 1-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0011-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.19256/d.cadmos.03.2020.11
    Language: Italian
    Publisher: Edra SpA
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
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    External Root Resorption Management of an Avulsed and Reimplanted Central Incisor: A Case Report
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Dentistry Journal Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2021-06-16), p. 72-
    Details
    In: Dentistry Journal, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2021-06-16), p. 72-
    Abstract: Background: Avulsion and reimplantation of permanent teeth represent a major challenge in terms of treatment and long-term prognosis. The present study reported clinical management of external root resorption of an avulsed and reimplanted maxillary central incisor. Case report: A 9-year-old boy reported an uncomplicated crown fracture and avulsion of tooth 11 and complicated crown fracture of tooth 21 due to trauma. Reimplantation of element 11 was obtained within 30 min post-trauma and 3 days after both elements were diagnosed with necrotic pulp. In addition, tooth 11 showed early external root resorption. Both elements underwent endodontic treatment and root closure with apical plug using calcium-silicate-based cement. At 6-month follow-up root resorption appeared to be arrested. Twenty-four months after trauma the clinical results were stable, although signs and symptoms of ankylosis were observed. Conclusions: An immediate endodontic approach and use of calcium-silicate-based cement seemed to contrast the progression of root resorption of an avulsed and reimplanted central incisor after 24 months of follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-6767
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/dj9060072
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2681351-8
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Comparative Histological and Histomorphometric Results of Six Biomaterials Used in Two-Stage Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Model after 6-Month Healing
    Hindawi Limited ; 2018
    In:  BioMed Research International Vol. 2018 ( 2018-06-27), p. 1-11
    Details
    In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2018 ( 2018-06-27), p. 1-11
    Abstract: Objectives . To evaluate the performances of six different bone substitute materials used as graft in maxillary sinus augmentation by means of histological and histomorphometric analysis of bone biopsies retrieved from human subjects after a 6-month healing period. Materials and Methods . Six consecutive patients (3 males, 3 females, aged 50-72 years), healthy, nonsmokers, and with good oral hygiene, presenting edentulous posterior maxilla with a residual bone crest measuring ≤ 4 mm in vertical height and 3 to 5 mm in horizontal thickness at radiographic examination, were selected to receive sinus augmentation and delayed implant placement. Under randomized conditions, sinus augmentation procedures were carried out using mineralized solvent-dehydrated bone allograft (MCBA), freeze-dried mineralized bone allograft (FDBA), anorganic bovine bone (ABB), equine-derived bone (EB), synthetic micro-macroporous biphasic calcium-phosphate block consisting of 70% beta-tricalcium phosphate and 30% hydroxyapatite (HA- β -TCP 30/70), or bioapatite-collagen (BC). After 6 months, bone core biopsies were retrieved and 13 implants were placed. Bone samples were processed for histological and histomorphometric analysis. CT scans were taken before and after surgery. After 4 months of healing, patients were restored with a provisional fixed acrylic resin prosthesis, as well as after further 2-4 months with a definitive cemented zirconia or porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns. Results . There were no postoperative complications or implant failures. The histological examination showed that all biomaterials were in close contact with newly formed bone, surrounding the graft granules with a bridge-like network. No signs of acute inflammation were observed. The histomorphometry revealed 20.1% newly formed bone for MCBA, 32.1% for FDBA, 16.1% for ABB, 22.8% for EB, 20.3% for HA- β -TCP 30/70, and 21.4% for BC. Conclusions . Within the limitations of the present investigation, all the six tested biomaterials showed good biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties when used in sinus augmentation procedures, although the FDBA seemed to have a better histomorphometric result in terms of newly formed bone and residual graft material. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (Registration Number): NCT03496688 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2018/9430989
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8
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  • 10
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    Frenulectomy with Diode Laser Technology in Paeditric Patients: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluations. Randomized Double- Blind Clinical Trial
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2020-06-15), p. 4114-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 12 ( 2020-06-15), p. 4114-
    Abstract: Background: Ankyloglossia is an anatomical alteration of the frenulum length, volume, compactness, and insertion. It can lead to alterations in the ability to swallow and chewing, and dysfunctional coordination amongst cranio-facial muscles; these alterations are often responsible for respiratory alterations, skeletal malocclusions and dyslalia or the delay of speech. The aim of this study is to estimate the efficacy of lingual frenulectomy with diode-laser technology through a qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Methods: One hundred and twenty-five pediatric patients were recruited: 100 with a lingual pathological frenulum were randomly divided into four operating groups; the other 25 with a borderline pathological frenulum were recruited as a control group. Each patient was included in a follow-up program (T0-T1-T2-T3-T4) for a quantitative and qualitative evaluation: the first through an accurate measurement of Kotlow’s free tongue measurement (≥16), Mouth Opening with Tongue Tip to incisive papilla (MOTTIP), Maximal Intercisal Mouth Opening (MIO) and Protrusion; and the second using the Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function (ATLFF), Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool (BTAT), and grade of tongue functionality. Results: The increase of the aforementioned quantitative parameters was circa 10 mm, and all patients reacquired full functionality of the tongue. Conclusions: Diode-laser technology is efficient and innovative in the treatment of pathological lingual frenulums.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app10124114
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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