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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of Lower and Upper Quarter Y Balance Test Performance in Adolescent Students with Borderline Intellectual Functioning Compared to Age- and Sex-Matched Controls
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Children Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2021-09-14), p. 805-
    Details
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2021-09-14), p. 805-
    Abstract: The Lower (YBT-LQ) and Upper (YBT-UQ) Quarter Y Balance Test are well established assessment tools for the examination of dynamic balance and shoulder mobility/stability, respectively. However, investigations on YBT-LQ/UQ performance in students with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) (i.e., intelligence quotient of 70–84 etc.) are lacking. Thus, the aim of the study was to compare YBT-LQ/UQ performance in students with and without BIF. Thirty students with BIF (age: 13.7 ± 1.2 years) and 30 age-/sex-matched students without BIF (age: 13.7 ± 1.3 years) performed the YBT-LQ and/or YBT-UQ. Normalized maximal reach distances (% leg/arm length) per reach direction and the composite score were used as outcome measures. A univariate analysis of variance was conducted to test for significant group differences. Irrespective of limb and reach direction, students with BIF compared to those without BIF showed significantly worse YBT-LQ (p ≤ 0.001–0.031; Cohen’s d = 0.57–1.26) and YBT-UQ (p ≤ 0.001–0.015; Cohen’s d = 0.68–1.52) performance with moderate to large effect sizes. Due to the poorer performance levels of students with BIF, specifically tailored interventions should be developed that have the potential to improve their dynamic balance and shoulder mobility/stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/children8090805
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of an Elastic Resistance Band Intervention in Adolescent Handball Players
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2021
    In:  Sports Medicine International Open Vol. 5, No. 02 ( 2021-08), p. E65-E72
    Details
    In: Sports Medicine International Open, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 5, No. 02 ( 2021-08), p. E65-E72
    Abstract: The objective was to investigate the effects of a 9-week elastic resistance band training within the regular handball training sessions compared to regular handball training only. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention (INT: n=16; age: 17.0 ± 0.7 years) or a control (CON: n=16; age: 16.9 ± 0.9 years) group. The INT-group performed elastic resistance band exercises (3/week) for 20–30 minutes while the CON-group conducted regular handball training only. Pre- and post-training assessments included measures of strength endurance (Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test [CKCUEST]), maximal isometric strength (MIS), and throwing velocity. Significant main effects of Test (i.e. pre- to post-training enhancements) were detected for the CKCUEST (p 〈 0.001, 0.54 ≤ ηp 2 ≤ 0.57) and throwing velocity (p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.34). We found a significant (throwing velocity: p = 0.004, ηp 2 = 0.25) and a tendency toward (MIS of the internal rotators, non-throwing arm: p = 0.068, ηp 2 = 0.12) a significant Test × Group interaction, both in favour of the INT-group. A 9-week strengthening program using elastic resistance bands combined with regular handball training is effective to improve upper extremity strength endurance, throwing velocity, and MIS of the internal rotators of the non-throwing arm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-1890
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1055/a-1541-2916
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889658-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diverging Playing Positions do not Lead to Differences in YBT-UQ Performance in Youth Handball Players
    Georg Thieme Verlag KG ; 2021
    In:  Sports Medicine International Open Vol. 05, No. 03 ( 2021-12), p. E99-E103
    Details
    In: Sports Medicine International Open, Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Vol. 05, No. 03 ( 2021-12), p. E99-E103
    Abstract: Handball playing positions can be differentiated between first line players who position themselves near the 6-m line and second line players who typically play outside the 9-m space. Handball is characterized by a high number of throwing actions that cause adaptations in the throwing shoulder. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether the specific physiological positional demands in handball lead to functional performance differences between the playing positions (N=196; goalkeepers: n=25; backcourt: n=99; pivots: n=21; winger: n=51) in terms of shoulder mobility and stability in any reach direction as assessed through the Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-UQ). Contrary to our hypothesis, the results did not show significant differences between the playing positions in shoulder mobility and stability in youth handball players, irrespective of reach arm and reach direction. The obtained effect sizes (η p 2) were solely small and ranged between 0.01 and 0.03. The adaptations following the demands of the diverging playing positions do not lead to significant differences in shoulder mobility and stability on the basis of the YBT-UQ. The overall training load of youth handball players may not be sufficient to lead to significant position-specific differences in shoulder mobility and stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2367-1890
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1055/a-1647-7174
    Language: English
    Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889658-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concurrent Validity and Test–Retest Reliability of Pressure-Detecting Insoles for Static and Dynamic Movements in Healthy Young Adults
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sensors Vol. 23, No. 10 ( 2023-05-19), p. 4913-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 10 ( 2023-05-19), p. 4913-
    Abstract: Compared to force-plates, pressure-detecting insoles have the advantage that vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) can be estimated under field rather than laboratory conditions. However, the question arises whether insoles also provide valid and reliable results compared to a force-plate (i.e., the gold standard). The study aimed to investigate the concurrent validity and test–retest reliability of pressure-detecting insoles during static and dynamic movements. Twenty-two healthy young adults (12 females) performed standing, walking, running, and jumping movements while simultaneously collecting pressure (GP MobilData WiFi, GeBioM mbH, Münster, Germany) and force (Kistler®) data twice, 10 days apart. Concerning validity, ICC values showed excellent agreement (ICC 〉 0.75), irrespective of the test condition. Further, the insoles underestimated (mean bias: −4.41 to −37.15%) most of the vGRF variables. Concerning reliability, ICC values for nearly all test conditions also showed excellent agreement, and the SEM was rather low. Lastly, most of the MDC95% values were low (≤5%). The predominantly excellent ICC values for between-devices (i.e., concurrent validity) and between-visits (i.e., test–retest reliability) comparisons suggest that the tested pressure-detecting insoles can be used under field-based conditions for a valid and reliable estimation of relevant vGRF variables during standing, walking, running, and jumping.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s23104913
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of a blocked versus an alternated sequence of balance and plyometric training on physical performance in youth soccer players
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2019-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-1847
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13102-019-0131-y
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719537-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Discriminative validity of the lower and upper quarter Y balance test performance: a comparison between healthy trained and untrained youth
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: The Lower (YBT-LQ) and Upper (YBT-UQ) Quarter Y Balance Test have been widely used for the assessment of dynamic balance and shoulder mobility/stability, respectively. However, investigations on the validity of the two tests in youth are lacking. Therefore, we performed two studies to determine discriminative validity of the YBT-LQ (study 1) and the YBT-UQ (study 2) in healthy youth. Methods Sixty-nine male soccer players (age: 14.4 ± 1.9 yrs) and 69 age-matched untrained male subjects (14.3 ± 1.6 yrs) participated in study 1 and 37 young swimmers (age: 12.3 ± 2.1 yrs) as well as 37 age−/sex-matched individuals (age: 12.5 ± 2.0 yrs) took part in study 2. Absolute (cm) and relative (% leg/arm length) maximal reach distances per reach direction and the composite score of the YBT-LQ/UQ were used as outcome measures. One-way analysis of variance and the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis (i.e., calculating the area under the curve [AUC]) were conducted to assess discriminative validity. Results Concerning the relative values, youth athletes showed significantly better YBT-LQ (study 1: p   〈  0.001, d  = 0.86–1.21) and YBT-UQ (study 2: p   〈  0.001, d  = 0.88–1.48) test performances compared to age- and sex-matched untrained subjects. Further, AUC-values indicated a chance of ≥74% (YBT-LQ) and ≥ 71% (YBT-UQ) to discriminate between youth athletes and controls. These findings were confirmed when using the absolute data for analysis. Conclusions According to our results, the YBT-LQ and the YBT-UQ seem to be useful test instruments to discriminate trained and untrained healthy youth performance for dynamic balance and shoulder mobility/stability, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2052-1847
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13102-020-00220-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2719537-5
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Bacterial Species Associated with Highly Allergenic Plant Pollen Yield a High Level of Endotoxins and Induce Chemokine and Cytokine Release from Human A549 Cells
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Inflammation Vol. 45, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. 2186-2201
    Details
    In: Inflammation, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 45, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. 2186-2201
    Abstract: Sensitization to pollen allergens has been increasing in Europe every year. Most studies in this field are related to climate change, phenology, allergens associated with different pollens, and allergic disorders. As a plant microhabitat, pollen is colonized by diverse microorganisms, including endotoxin-producing bacteria which may contribute to pollen allergy (pollinosis). Therefore, bacteria isolated from high allergenic and low allergenic plant pollen, as well as the pollen itself with all microbial inhabitants, were used to assess the effect of the pollen by measuring the endotoxins lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) concentrations and their effect on chemokine and cytokine release from transwell cultured epithelial A549 cells as a model of epithelial lung barrier. High allergenic pollen showed a significantly higher level of bacterial endotoxins; interestingly, the endotoxin level found in the bacterial isolates from high allergenic pollen was significantly higher compared to that of bacteria from low allergenic pollen. Moreover, bacterial LPS concentrations across different pollen species positively correlated with the LPS concentration across their corresponding bacterial isolates. Selected bacterial isolates from hazel pollen (HA5, HA13, and HA7) co-cultured with A549 cells induced a potent concentration-dependent release of the chemokine interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 as well as the cytokine TNF-alpha and interleukin-2 to both apical and basal compartments of the transwell model. This study clearly shows the role of bacteria and bacterial endotoxins in the pollen allergy as well as seasonal allergic rhinitis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0360-3997 , 1573-2576
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01684-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015610-8
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Sports Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2019-01-11), p. 20-
    Details
    In: Sports, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 2019-01-11), p. 20-
    Abstract: In soccer, the dominant leg is frequently used for passing and kicking while standing on the non-dominant leg. Consequently, postural control in the standing leg might be superior compared to the kicking leg and is further enhanced with increasing age (i.e., level of playing experience). Unfortunately, leg differences in postural control are associated with an increased risk of injuries. Thus, we examined differences between limbs in unipedal balance performance in young soccer players at different ages. Performance in the Lower Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-LQ) of the dominant and non-dominant leg and anthropometry was assessed in 76 young male soccer players (under-13 years [U13]: n = 19, U15: n = 14, U17: n = 21, U19: n = 22). Maximal reach distances (% leg length) and the composite scores were used for further analyses. Statistical analyses yielded no statistically significant main effects of leg or significant Leg × Age interactions, irrespective of the measure investigated. However, limb differences in the anterior reach direction were above the proposed cut-off value of 〉 4 cm, which is indicative of increased injury risk. Further, statistically significant main effects of age were found for all investigated parameters, indicating larger reach distances in older (U19) compared to younger (U13) players (except for U15 players). Although reach differences between legs were non-significant, the value in the anterior reach direction was higher than the cut-off value of 〉 4 cm in all age groups. This is indicative of an increased injury risk, and thus injury prevention programs should be part of the training of young soccer players.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4663
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/sports7010020
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704239-X
    SSG: 31
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  • 9
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    Lower Quarter Y Balance Test performance: Reference values for healthy youth aged 10 to 17 years
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Gait & Posture Vol. 80 ( 2020-07), p. 148-154
    Details
    In: Gait & Posture, Elsevier BV, Vol. 80 ( 2020-07), p. 148-154
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0966-6362
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.05.041
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500471-5
    SSG: 31
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Selective activation of lower leg muscles during maximum voluntary isometric contractions
    Elsevier BV ; 2016
    In:  Human Movement Science Vol. 50 ( 2016-12), p. 30-37
    Details
    In: Human Movement Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 50 ( 2016-12), p. 30-37
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0167-9457
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.10.002
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500475-2
    SSG: 31
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