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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Poster presentation
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  Europace Vol. 13, No. Supplement 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. i47-i82
    Details
    In: Europace, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 13, No. Supplement 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. i47-i82
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1099-5129 , 1532-2092
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq492
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002579-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MOLECULAR ASSESSMENT OF INOCULUM EFFICACY AND PROCESS REPRODUCIBILITY IN COMPOSTING USING ARISA
    American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) ; 2003
    In:  Transactions of the ASAE Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2003)
    Details
    In: Transactions of the ASAE, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2003)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-0059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.13031/2013.13568
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Intestinal Microbiota Influences Campylobacter jejuni Colonization and Extraintestinal Dissemination in Mice
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 81, No. 14 ( 2015-07-15), p. 4642-4650
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 81, No. 14 ( 2015-07-15), p. 4642-4650
    Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of human foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. The interactions between this pathogen and the intestinal microbiome within a host are of interest as endogenous intestinal microbiota mediates a form of resistance to the pathogen. This resistance, termed colonization resistance, is the ability of commensal microbiota to prevent colonization by exogenous pathogens or opportunistic commensals. Although mice normally demonstrate colonization resistance to C. jejuni , we found that mice treated with ampicillin are colonized by C. jejuni , with recovery of Campylobacter from the colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in recovery of C. jejuni from ampicillin-treated mice inoculated with a C. jejuni virulence mutant (Δ flgL strain) compared to recovery of mice inoculated with the C. jejuni wild-type strain or the C. jejuni complemented isolate (Δ flgL / flgL ). Comparative analysis of the microbiota from nontreated and ampicillin-treated CBA/J mice led to the identification of a lactic acid-fermenting isolate of Enterococcus faecalis that prevented C. jejuni growth in vitro and limited C. jejuni colonization of mice. Next-generation sequencing of DNA from fecal pellets that were collected from ampicillin-treated CBA/J mice revealed a significant decrease in diversity of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) compared to that in control (nontreated) mice. Taken together, we have demonstrated that treatment of mice with ampicillin alters the intestinal microbiota and permits C. jejuni colonization. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers using mice to investigate C. jejuni colonization factors, virulence determinants, or the mechanistic basis of probiotics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00281-15
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Adaptation of Akkermansia muciniphila to the Oxic-Anoxic Interface of the Mucus Layer
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 82, No. 23 ( 2016-12), p. 6983-6993
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 82, No. 23 ( 2016-12), p. 6983-6993
    Abstract: Akkermansia muciniphila colonizes the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract, where the organism can be exposed to the oxygen that diffuses from epithelial cells. To understand how A. muciniphila is able to survive and grow at this oxic-anoxic interface, its oxygen tolerance and response and reduction capacities were studied. A. muciniphila was found to be oxygen tolerant. On top of this, under aerated conditions, A. muciniphila showed significant oxygen reduction capacities and its growth rate and yield were increased compared to those seen under strict anaerobic conditions. Transcriptome analysis revealed an initial oxygen stress response upon exposure to oxygen. Thereafter, genes related to respiration were expressed, including those coding for the cytochrome bd complex, which can function as a terminal oxidase. The functionality of A. muciniphila cytochrome bd genes was proven by successfully complementing cytochrome-deficient Escherichia coli strain ECOM4. We conclude that A. muciniphila can use oxygen when it is present at nanomolar concentrations. IMPORTANCE This article explains how Akkermansia muciniphila , previously described as a strictly anaerobic bacterium, is able to tolerate and even benefit from low levels of oxygen. Interestingly, we measured growth enhancement of A. muciniphila and changes in metabolism as a result of the oxygen exposure. In this article, we discuss similarities and differences of this oxygen-responsive mechanism with respect to those of other intestinal anaerobic isolates. Taken together, we think that these are valuable data that indicate how anaerobic intestinal colonizing bacteria can exploit low levels of oxygen present in the mucus layer and that our results have direct relevance for applicability, as addition of low oxygen concentrations could benefit the in vitro growth of certain anaerobic organisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01641-16
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Profiling Microbial Communities in Manganese Remediation Systems Treating Coal Mine Drainage
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 81, No. 6 ( 2015-03-15), p. 2189-2198
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 81, No. 6 ( 2015-03-15), p. 2189-2198
    Abstract: Water discharging from abandoned coal mines can contain extremely high manganese levels. Removing this metal is an ongoing challenge. Passive Mn(II) removal beds (MRBs) contain microorganisms that oxidize soluble Mn(II) to insoluble Mn(III/IV) minerals, but system performance is unpredictable. Using amplicon pyrosequencing, we profiled the bacterial, fungal, algal, and archaeal communities in four MRBs, performing at different levels, in Pennsylvania to determine whether they differed among MRBs and from surrounding soil and to establish the relative abundance of known Mn(II) oxidizers. Archaea were not detected; PCRs with archaeal primers returned only nontarget bacterial sequences. Fungal taxonomic profiles differed starkly between sites that remove the majority of influent Mn and those that do not, with the former being dominated by Ascomycota (mostly Dothideomycetes ) and the latter by Basidiomycota (almost entirely Agaricomycetes ). Taxonomic profiles for the other groups did not differ significantly between MRBs, but operational taxonomic unit-based analyses showed significant clustering by MRB with all three groups ( P 〈 0.05). Soil samples clustered separately from MRBs in all groups except fungi, whose soil samples clustered loosely with their respective MRB. Known Mn(II) oxidizers accounted for a minor proportion of bacterial sequences (up to 0.20%) but a greater proportion of fungal sequences (up to 14.78%). MRB communities are more diverse than previously thought, and more organisms may be capable of Mn(II) oxidation than are currently known.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03643-14
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wolbachia Modulates Lipid Metabolism in Aedes albopictus Mosquito Cells
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 82, No. 10 ( 2016-05-15), p. 3109-3120
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 82, No. 10 ( 2016-05-15), p. 3109-3120
    Abstract: Certain strains of the intracellular endosymbiont Wolbachia can strongly inhibit or block the transmission of viruses such as dengue virus (DENV) by Aedes mosquitoes, and the mechanisms responsible are still not well understood. Direct infusion and liquid chromatography-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analyses were conducted using Aedes albopictus Aa23 cells that were infected with the w Mel and w MelPop strains of Wolbachia in comparison to uninfected Aa23-T cells. Substantial shifts in the cellular lipid profile were apparent in the presence of Wolbachia . Most significantly, almost all sphingolipid classes were depleted, and some reductions in diacylglycerols and phosphatidylcholines were also observed. These lipid classes have previously been shown to be selectively enriched in DENV-infected mosquito cells, suggesting that Wolbachia may produce a cellular lipid environment that is antagonistic to viral replication. The data improve our understanding of the intracellular interactions between Wolbachia and mosquitoes. IMPORTANCE Mosquitoes transmit a variety of important viruses to humans, such as dengue virus and Zika virus. Certain strains of the intracellular bacterial genus called Wolbachia found in or introduced into mosquitoes can block the transmission of viruses, including dengue virus, but the mechanisms responsible are not well understood. We found substantial shifts in the cellular lipid profiles in the presence of these bacteria. Some lipid classes previously shown to be enriched in dengue virus-infected mosquito cells were depleted in the presence of Wolbachia , suggesting that Wolbachia may produce a cellular lipid environment that inhibits mosquito-borne viruses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00275-16
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ASSESSMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF PROCESS VARIABLE REPRODUCIBILITY IN COMPOSTING REACTORS
    American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) ; 2001
    In:  Transactions of the ASAE Vol. 44, No. 4 ( 2001)
    Details
    In: Transactions of the ASAE, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), Vol. 44, No. 4 ( 2001)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2151-0059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.13031/2013.6223
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE)
    Publication Date: 2001
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vegetation-Associated Impacts on Arctic Tundra Bacterial and Microeukaryotic Communities
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 81, No. 2 ( 2015-01-15), p. 492-501
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 81, No. 2 ( 2015-01-15), p. 492-501
    Abstract: The Arctic is experiencing rapid vegetation changes, such as shrub and tree line expansion, due to climate warming, as well as increased wetland variability due to hydrological changes associated with permafrost thawing. These changes are of global concern because changes in vegetation may increase tundra soil biogeochemical processes that would significantly enhance atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. Predicting the latter will at least partly depend on knowing the structure, functional activities, and distributions of soil microbes among the vegetation types across Arctic landscapes. Here we investigated the bacterial and microeukaryotic community structures in soils from the four principal low Arctic tundra vegetation types: wet sedge, birch hummock, tall birch, and dry heath. Sequencing of rRNA gene fragments indicated that the wet sedge and tall birch communities differed significantly from each other and from those associated with the other two dominant vegetation types. Distinct microbial communities were associated with soil pH, ammonium concentration, carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, and moisture content. In soils with similar moisture contents and pHs (excluding wet sedge), bacterial, fungal, and total eukaryotic communities were correlated with the ammonium concentration, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) content, and C/N ratio. Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, Faith's phylogenetic diversity, and the Shannon species-level index ( H ′) were generally lower in the tall birch soil than in soil from the other vegetation types, with pH being strongly correlated with bacterial richness and Faith's phylogenetic diversity. Together, these results suggest that Arctic soil feedback responses to climate change will be vegetation specific not just because of distinctive substrates and environmental characteristics but also, potentially, because of inherent differences in microbial community structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03229-14
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular Epidemiology of Campylobacter coli Strains Isolated from Different Sources in New Zealand between 2005 and 2014
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 82, No. 14 ( 2016-07-15), p. 4363-4370
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 82, No. 14 ( 2016-07-15), p. 4363-4370
    Abstract: Campylobacteriosis is one of the most important foodborne diseases worldwide and a significant health burden in New Zealand. Campylobacter jejuni is the predominant species worldwide, accounting for approximately 90% of human cases, followed by Campylobacter coli . Most studies in New Zealand have focused on C. jejuni ; hence, the impact of C. coli strains on human health is not well understood. The aim of this study was to genotype C. coli isolates collected in the Manawatu region of New Zealand from clinical cases, fresh poultry meat, ruminant feces, and environmental water sources, between 2005 and 2014, to study their population structure and estimate the contribution of each source to the burden of human disease. Campylobacter isolates were identified by PCR and typed by multilocus sequence typing. C. coli accounted for 2.9% ( n = 47/1,601) of Campylobacter isolates from human clinical cases, 9.6% ( n = 108/1,123) from poultry, 13.4% ( n = 49/364) from ruminants, and 6.4% ( n = 11/171) from water. Molecular subtyping revealed 27 different sequence types (STs), of which 18 belonged to clonal complex ST-828. ST-1581 was the most prevalent C. coli sequence type isolated from both human cases ( n = 12/47) and poultry ( n = 44/110). When classified using cladistics, all sequence types belonged to clade 1 except ST-7774, which belonged to clade 2. ST-854, ST-1590, and ST-4009 were isolated only from human cases and fresh poultry, while ST-3232 was isolated only from human cases and ruminant sources. Modeling indicated ruminants and poultry as the main sources of C. coli human infection. IMPORTANCE We performed a molecular epidemiological study of Campylobacter coli infection in New Zealand, one of few such studies globally. This study analyzed the population genetic structure of the bacterium and included a probabilistic source attribution model covering different animal and water sources. The results are discussed in a global context.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00934-16
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Abundance and Biogeography of Picoprasinophyte Ecotypes and Other Phytoplankton in the Eastern North Pacific Ocean
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2016
    In:  Applied and Environmental Microbiology Vol. 82, No. 6 ( 2016-03-15), p. 1693-1705
    Details
    In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 82, No. 6 ( 2016-03-15), p. 1693-1705
    Abstract: Eukaryotic algae within the picoplankton size class (≤2 μm in diameter) are important marine primary producers, but their spatial and ecological distributions are not well characterized. Here, we studied three picoeukaryotic prasinophyte genera and their cyanobacterial counterparts, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus , during two cruises along a North Pacific transect characterized by different ecological regimes. Picoeukaryotes and Synechococcus reached maximum abundances of 1.44 × 10 5 and 3.37 × 10 5 cells · ml −1 , respectively, in mesotrophic waters, while Prochlorococcus reached 1.95 × 10 5 cells · ml −1 in the oligotrophic ocean. Of the picoeukaryotes, Bathycoccus was present at all stations in both cruises, reaching 21,368 ± 327 18S rRNA gene copies · ml −1 . Micromonas and Ostreococcus clade OI were detected only in mesotrophic and coastal waters and Ostreococcus clade OII only in the oligotrophic ocean. To resolve proposed Bathycoccus ecotypes, we established genetic distances for 1,104 marker genes using targeted metagenomes and the Bathycoccus prasinos genome. The analysis was anchored in comparative genome analysis of three Ostreococcus species for which physiological and environmental data are available to facilitate data interpretation. We established that two Bathycoccus ecotypes exist, named here BI (represented by coastal isolate Bathycoccus prasinos ) and BII. These share 82% ± 6% nucleotide identity across homologs, while the Ostreococcus spp. share 75% ± 8%. We developed and applied an analysis of ecomarkers to metatranscriptomes sequenced here and published -omics data from the same region. The results indicated that the Bathycoccus ecotypes cooccur more often than Ostreococcus clades OI and OII do. Exploratory analyses of relative transcript abundances suggest that Bathycoccus NRT2.1 and AMT2.2 are high-affinity NO 3 − and low-affinity NH 4 + transporters, respectively, with close homologs in multiple picoprasinophytes. Additionally, in the open ocean, where dissolved iron concentrations were low (0.08 nM), there appeared to be a shift to the use of nickel superoxide dismutases (SODs) from Mn/Fe/Cu SODs closer inshore. Our study documents the distribution of picophytoplankton along a North Pacific ecological gradient and offers new concepts and techniques for investigating their biogeography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0099-2240 , 1098-5336
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02730-15
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 223011-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478346-0
    SSG: 12
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