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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Younger Gay and Bisexual Men's Condom Use With Main Regular Sexual Partner in New Zealand
    Guilford Publications ; 2015
    In:  AIDS Education and Prevention Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2015-06), p. 257-274
    Details
    In: AIDS Education and Prevention, Guilford Publications, Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2015-06), p. 257-274
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-9546
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2015.27.3.257
    Language: English
    Publisher: Guilford Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053299-4
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  • 2
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    National trends in sexual health indicators among gay and bisexual men disaggregated by ethnicity: repeated cross-sectional behavioural surveillance in New Zealand
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. e039896-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 10, No. 11 ( 2020-11), p. e039896-
    Abstract: To assess trends in sexual health outcomes among men who have sex with men (MSM) disaggregated by ethnicity. Design Repeated cross-sectional. Setting Behavioural surveillance data from 2006, 2008, 2011 and 2014 were collected in-person and online across Aotearoa New Zealand. Participants Eligible participants were self-identified men aged 16 years or older who reported sex with another man in the past 5 years. We classified 10 525 participants’ ethnicities: Asian (n=1003, 9.8%), Māori (Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand, n=1058, 10.3%), Pacific (n=424, 4.1%) and European (n=7867, 76.8%). Outcome measures The sexual health outcomes examined were 〉 20 recent (past 6 months) male sexual partners, past-year sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, past-year STI diagnosis, lifetime and past-year HIV testing, lifetime HIV-positive diagnosis and any recent (past 6 months) condomless anal intercourse with casual or regular partners. Results When disaggregated, Indigenous and ethnic minority groups reported sexual health trends that diverged from the European MSM and each other. For example, Asian MSM increased lifetime HIV testing (adjusted OR, AOR=1.31 per survey cycle, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.47) and recent HIV testing (AOR=1.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.28) with no changes among Māori MSM or Pacific MSM. Condomless anal intercourse with casual partners increased among Māori MSM (AOR=1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.28) with no changes for Asian or Pacific MSM. Condomless anal intercourse with regular partners decreased among Pacific MSM (AOR=0.83, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.99) with no changes for Asian or Māori MSM. Conclusions Population-level trends were driven by European MSM, masking important differences for Indigenous and ethnic minority sub-groups. Surveillance data disaggregated by ethnicity highlight inequities in sexual health service access and prevention uptake. Future research should collect, analyse and report disaggregated data by ethnicity to advance health equity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039896
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 3
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    Frequent condom use with casual partners varies by sexual position among younger gay and bisexual men in New Zealand: national behavioural surveillance 2006–2011
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Sexual Health Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2016), p. 81-
    Details
    In: Sexual Health, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2016), p. 81-
    Abstract: Background Condom promotion remains a cornerstone of HIV/STI control, but must be informed by evidence of uptake and address disparities in use. This study sought to determine the prevalence of, and demographic, behavioural and relational factors associated with, condom use during insertive and receptive anal intercourse with casual partners among younger gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (YMSM) in New Zealand. Methods: The 2006–2011 national HIV behavioural surveillance data for YMSM aged 16–29 years was pooled. Separately for each sexual position, frequent (always/almost always) versus infrequent condom use was regressed onto explanatory variables using manual backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Three-quarters of YMSM reported frequent condom use during insertive (76.0%) and receptive (73.8%) anal intercourse. YMSM who were exclusively insertive were more likely to report frequent condom use than versatile YMSM. Factors positively associated with frequent condom use, irrespective of sexual position were: in-person versus web-based recruitment, testing HIV negative versus never testing or testing HIV positive, having no recent sex with women, reporting two to five versus one male sexual partner in the past 6 months, reporting no current regular partner, but if in a regular relationship, reporting a boyfriend-type versus fuckbuddy-type partner, and frequent versus infrequent regular partner condom use. Pacific ethnicity and less formal education were negatively associated with frequent condom use only during receptive anal intercourse. Conclusions: The findings from this study demonstrate that condom norms can be actively established and maintained among YMSM. Condom promotion efforts must increase YMSM’s capacity, agency and skills to negotiate condom use, especially for the receptive partner.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1448-5028
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/SH14220
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 4
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    Location-based HIV behavioural surveillance among MSM in Auckland, New Zealand 2002–2011: condom use stable and more HIV testing
    BMJ ; 2014
    In:  Sexually Transmitted Infections Vol. 90, No. 2 ( 2014-03), p. 133-138
    Details
    In: Sexually Transmitted Infections, BMJ, Vol. 90, No. 2 ( 2014-03), p. 133-138
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-4973 , 1472-3263
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051160
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027968-1
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  • 5
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    Population rates of HIV, gonorrhoea and syphilis diagnoses by sexual orientation in New Zealand
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  Sexually Transmitted Infections Vol. 98, No. 5 ( 2022-08), p. 376-379
    Details
    In: Sexually Transmitted Infections, BMJ, Vol. 98, No. 5 ( 2022-08), p. 376-379
    Abstract: Globally, gay and bisexual men (GBM) are over-represented in HIV, syphilis and gonorrhoea cases. However, surveillance systems rarely provide meaningful measures of inequity, such as population-specific rates, due to a lack of sexual orientation denominators. HIV, gonorrhoea and syphilis are legally notifiable diseases in New Zealand (NZ); we calculate rates by sexual orientation for the first time. Methods We analysed 2019 national surveillance data on HIV, syphilis and gonorrhoea notifications disaggregated by sexual orientation. Unique health records identified duplicate notifications and reinfections. Missing data were imputed from known cases. We used the NZ Health Survey 2014/2015 to estimate population sizes by sexual orientation, measured in two ways (current sexual identity, sexual contact in the previous 12 months with men, women or both). We calculated notification rates per 100 000 for each sexual orientation subgroup and rate ratios. Results In 2019, GBM accounted for 76.3%, 65.7% and 39.4% of HIV, syphilis and gonorrhoea notifications, respectively. Population rates per 100 000 for HIV were 158.3 (gay/bisexual men) and 0.5 (heterosexuals); for syphilis, population rates per 100 000 were 1231.1 (gay/bisexual men), 5.0 (lesbian/bisexual women) and 7.6 (heterosexuals); for gonorrhoea (imputed), population rates per 100 000 were 6843.2 (gay/bisexual men), 225.1 (lesbian/bisexual women) and 120.9 (heterosexuals). The rate ratios for GBM compared with heterosexuals were: 348.3 (HIV); 162.7 (syphilis); and 56.6 (gonorrhoea). Inequities remained in sensitivity analysis (substituting sexual identity with sexual behaviour in the previous 12 months). Conclusion GBM in NZ experience profound inequities in HIV, syphilis and gonorrhoea. Rate ratios by sexual orientation provide useful ‘at-a-glance’ measures of inequity in disease incidence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-4973 , 1472-3263
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2021-055186
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027968-1
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  • 6
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    Mate Aaraikore A Muri Ake Nei: Experiences of Maori New Zealanders living with HIV
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2004
    In:  Sexual Health Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 2004), p. 175-
    Details
    In: Sexual Health, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 2004), p. 175-
    Abstract: Background: This paper is drawn from the first comprehensive study in New Zealand of the health and social experiences of HIV positive people and specifically addresses the experiences of HIV positive Maori. Methods: A total of 226 HIV positive men and women completed an anonymous, self-administered HIV Futures New Zealand questionnaire. Twenty-five Maori completed the survey (17 male, 7 female, 1 transgendered). The majority identified as takataapui (Maori and homosexual) five were heterosexual women, and four identified with other sexualities. Results: Seven respondents indicated that they had received pre-test counselling, and 18 that they had received post-test counselling. The mean CD4 count at most recent test was 462.4 cells/µL. The mean HIV viral load result at most recent test was 558.1 copies/mL. Two-thirds of respondents were currently using antiretroviral treatments, and half had taken a break from them. The most commonly cited source of social support was their doctor. Eight respondents were in full-time work; most received benefits or a pension as their main income source; five were living below the poverty line. Only two respondents did not personally know another person with HIV. All had disclosed their status to someone; fifteen said that unwanted disclosure had occurred. Eight reported experiencing discrimination concerning accommodation, nine in a medical setting and seven in relation to employment. Conclusions: Maori people in New Zealand have access to a comprehensive health care system, nonetheless it is of concern that a number report discrimination and unwanted disclosure of their HIV status, most particularly within health care settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1448-5028
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/SH03008
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 7
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    Increase in HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men in New Zealand from a stable low period
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Sexual Health Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 311-
    Details
    In: Sexual Health, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 311-
    Abstract: Objectives To describe trends in HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men (MSM) in New Zealand 1996–2008, and to identify characteristics associated with HIV diagnoses in the resurgent phase. Methods: Data collected through routine surveillance of HIV infection, where the mode of transmission included homosexual contact, were analysed over the period 1996–2008. Results: Annual HIV diagnoses were low during 1996–2000, rose sharply between 2001 and 2005, and remained at an elevated plateau between 2006 and 2008. Over a quarter were attributed to HIV infection acquired overseas (28.6%). Trends in diagnoses of locally acquired HIV infection closely mirrored the trend of three diagnosis phases. Increases in locally acquired HIV occurred among virtually all characteristics of MSM. However, compared with MSM diagnosed in the low phase 1996–2000, individuals diagnosed in the resurgent phase 2001–05 were more likely to be aged 30–39, to have tested HIV-negative within the previous 2 years, to live in the Northern region encompassing Auckland, and to be of non-European ethnicity. The per capita HIV diagnosis rate among MSM was lowest in 1997, at 22.0 per million males aged 15–64, and highest in 2005 at 66.7 per million. Conclusion: The increase in HIV diagnoses among MSM in New Zealand was primarily due to an increase in locally acquired HIV infection, which disproportionately affected some groups of MSM. Factors driving this change in local epidemic conditions need to be identified. The rate of new HIV diagnoses among MSM remains low by international standards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1448-5028
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/SH10087
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 8
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    Adherence, Sexual Behavior and Sexually Transmitted Infections in a New Zealand Prospective PrEP Cohort: 12 Months Follow-up and Ethnic Disparities
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  AIDS and Behavior Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2022-08), p. 2723-2737
    Details
    In: AIDS and Behavior, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 26, No. 8 ( 2022-08), p. 2723-2737
    Abstract: Inequities in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) experiences will impede HIV epidemic elimination among gay and bisexual men (GBM). Ethnicity is a strong marker of inequity in the United States, but evidence from other countries is lacking. We investigated experiences on-PrEP to 12 months follow-up in a prospective cohort of 150 GBM in Auckland, New Zealand with an equity quota of 50% non-Europeans. Retention at 12 months was 85.9%, lower among Māori/Pacific (75.6%) than non-Māori/Pacific participants (90.1%). Missed pills increased over time and were higher among Māori/Pacific. PrEP breaks increased, by 12 months 35.7% of Māori/Pacific and 15.7% of non-Māori/Pacific participants had done so. Condomless receptive anal intercourse partners were stable over time. STIs were common but chlamydia declined; 12-month incidence was 8.7% for syphilis, 36.0% gonorrhoea, 46.0% chlamydia, 44.7% rectal STI, 64.0% any STI. Structural interventions and delivery innovations are needed to ensure ethnic minority GBM gain equal benefit from PrEP. Clinical trial number ACTRN12616001387415.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-7165 , 1573-3254
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10461-022-03617-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2014832-X
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  • 9
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    Injecting drug use among gay and bisexual men in New Zealand: Findings from national human immunodeficiency virus epidemiological and behavioural surveillance
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Drug and Alcohol Review Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 2020-05), p. 365-374
    Details
    In: Drug and Alcohol Review, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 2020-05), p. 365-374
    Abstract: Gay and bisexual men (GBM) who inject drugs are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of dual transmission risks. New Zealand has a progressive history of harm reduction and was the first country to publicly fund needle exchange programs in 1988 for people who inject drugs (PWID). We combine national HIV epidemiological and bio‐behavioural surveillance data to understand HIV risk among this subpopulation. Design and Methods We examine trends in new HIV diagnoses 1996–2018 by mode of transmission, and compare HIV cases attributed to sex between men (MSM‐only), MSM/injecting drug use (IDU) and IDU‐only. IDU among GBM in a national HIV behavioural surveillance survey was also examined. We compare GBM by IDU status (never, ‘recent’, previous) and identified predictors of recent IDU. Results Of 1653 locally‐acquired HIV diagnoses 1996–2018, 77.4% were MSM‐only, 1.5% MSM/IDU, 1.4% IDU‐only and 14.2% heterosexual mode of transmission. On average, just one HIV diagnosis attributed to MSM/IDU and IDU, respectively, occurred per annum. MSM/IDU cases were more likely than MSM‐only cases to be indigenous Māori ethnicity. Of 3163 GBM survey participants, 5.4% reported lifetime IDU and 1.2% were recent IDU. Among GBM, HIV positivity was 20% among recent IDU and 5.3% among never injectors. Predictors of recent IDU were: age under 30; more than 20 male partners; female partner; condomless intercourse; HIV positivity. Discussion and Conclusion New Zealand has averted high endemic HIV rates seen among GBM and PWID in other countries and results have been sustained over 30 years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-5236 , 1465-3362
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/dar.v39.4
    DOI: 10.1111/dar.13046
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476371-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 10
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    Respondent-driven sampling among gay and bisexual men: experiences from a New Zealand pilot study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2015
    In:  BMC Research Notes Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2015-12)
    Details
    In: BMC Research Notes, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2015-12)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1756-0500
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1449-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2413336-X
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