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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shared functional impairment in the prefrontal cortex affects symptom severity across psychiatric disorders
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 52, No. 13 ( 2022-10), p. 2661-2670
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 13 ( 2022-10), p. 2661-2670
    Abstract: The prefrontal deficits in psychiatric disorders have been investigated using functional neuroimaging tools; however, no studies have tested the related characteristics across psychiatric disorders considering various demographic and clinical confounders. Methods We analyzed 1558 functional brain measurements using a functional near-infrared spectroscopy during a verbal fluency task from 1200 participants with three disease spectra [196 schizophrenia, 189 bipolar disorder (BPD), and 394 major depressive disorder (MDD)] and 369 healthy controls along with demographic characteristics (age, gender, premorbid IQ, and handedness), task performance during the measurements, clinical assessments, and medication equivalent doses (chlorpromazine, diazepam, biperiden, and imipramine) in a consistent manner. The association between brain functions and demographic and clinical variables was tested using a general linear mixed model (GLMM). Then, the direction of relationship between brain activity and symptom severity, controlling for any other associations, was estimated using a model comparison of structural equation models (SEMs). Results The GLMM showed a shared functional deficit of brain activity and a schizophrenia-specific delayed activity timing in the prefrontal cortex (false discovery rate-corrected p 〈 0.05). Comparison of SEMs showed that brain activity was associated with the global assessment of functioning scores in the left inferior frontal gyrus opercularis (IFGOp) in BPD group and the bilateral superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus, and the left superior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus triangularis, and IFGOp in MDD group. Conclusion This cross-disease large-sample neuroimaging study with high-quality clinical data reveals a robust relationship between prefrontal function and behavioral outcomes across three major psychiatric disorders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291720004742
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Thrombolysis (0.6 mg/kg) Was Beneficial for Unknown Onset Stroke Above a Certain Core Size : THAWS RCT Substudy
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Stroke Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 12-19
    Details
    In: Stroke, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 12-19
    Abstract: We determined to identify patients with unknown onset stroke who could have favorable 90-day outcomes after low-dose thrombolysis from the THAWS (Thrombolysis for Acute Wake-Up and Unclear-Onset Strokes With Alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg) database. Methods: This was a subanalysis of an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded–end point trial. Patients with stroke with a time last-known-well 〉 4.5 hours who showed a mismatch between diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg intravenously or standard medical treatment. The patients were dichotomized by ischemic core size or National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and the effects of assigned treatments were compared in each group. The efficacy outcome was favorable outcome at 90 days, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1. Results: The median DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) was 9, and the median ischemic core volume was 2.5 mL. Both favorable outcome (47.1% versus 48.3%) and any intracranial hemorrhage (26% versus 14%) at 22 to 36 hours were comparable between the 68 thrombolyzed patients and the 58 control patients. There was a significant treatment-by-cohort interaction for favorable outcome between dichotomized patients by ASPECTS on DWI ( P =0.026) and core volume ( P =0.035). Favorable outcome was more common in the alteplase group than in the control group in patients with DWI-ASPECTS 5 to 8 (RR, 4.75 [95% CI, 1.33–30.2]), although not in patients with DWI-ASPECTS 9 to 10. Favorable outcome tended to be more common in the alteplase group than in the control group in patients with core volume 〉 6.4 mL (RR, 6.15 [95% CI, 0.87–43.64]), although not in patients with volume ≤6.4 mL. The frequency of any intracranial hemorrhage did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment groups in any dichotomized patients. Conclusions: Patients developing unknown onset stroke with DWI-ASPECTS 5 to 8 showed favorable outcomes more commonly after low-dose thrombolysis than after standard treatment. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique Identifier: NCT02002325. URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr ; Unique Identifier: UMIN000011630.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-2499 , 1524-4628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.030848
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467823-8
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Eurocurrency Markets and Their Implications.
    JSTOR ; 1976
    In:  The Journal of Finance Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 1976-09), p. 1256-
    Details
    In: The Journal of Finance, JSTOR, Vol. 31, No. 4 ( 1976-09), p. 1256-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1082
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/2326296
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1976
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010241-0
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EURO‐CURRENCY CONTROLS
    Wiley ; 1975
    In:  The Journal of Finance Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 1975-05), p. 377-400
    Details
    In: The Journal of Finance, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 1975-05), p. 377-400
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1082 , 1540-6261
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jofi.1975.30.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1975.tb01818.x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1975
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010241-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural Reform in Japan: Breaking the Iron Triangle
    JSTOR ; 2004
    In:  Foreign Affairs Vol. 83, No. 3 ( 2004), p. 140-
    Details
    In: Foreign Affairs, JSTOR, Vol. 83, No. 3 ( 2004), p. 140-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0015-7120
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/20033992
    RVK:
    PR 1000
    RVK:
    MA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2833911-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 214-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050780-X
    SSG: 7,26
    SSG: 3,6
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    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The End of Progressivism: A Search for New Goals
    JSTOR ; 1995
    In:  Foreign Affairs Vol. 74, No. 5 ( 1995), p. 8-
    Details
    In: Foreign Affairs, JSTOR, Vol. 74, No. 5 ( 1995), p. 8-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0015-7120
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/20047296
    RVK:
    PR 1000
    RVK:
    MA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2833911-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 214-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050780-X
    SSG: 7,26
    SSG: 3,6
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    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic influences on prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task in children: A twin study using near‐infrared spectroscopy
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Brain and Behavior Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2018-06)
    Details
    In: Brain and Behavior, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2018-06)
    Abstract: The genetic and environmental influences on prefrontal function in childhood are underinvestigated due to the difficulty of measuring prefrontal function in young subjects, for which near‐infrared spectroscopy ( NIRS ) is a suitable functional neuroimaging technique that facilitates the easy and noninvasive measurement of blood oxygenation in the superficial cerebral cortices. Method Using a two‐channel NIRS arrangement, we measured changes in bilateral prefrontal blood oxygenation during a category version of the verbal fluency task ( VFT ) in 27 monozygotic twin pairs and 12 same‐sex dizygotic twin pairs ages 5–17 years. We also assessed the participant's full‐scale intelligence quotient ( FIQ ) and retrieved parental socioeconomic status ( SES ). Classical structured equation modeling was used to estimate the heritability. Results The heritability of VFT ‐related brain activation was estimated to be 44% and 37% in the right and left prefrontal regions, respectively. We also identified a significant genetic contribution (74%) to FIQ , but did not to VFT task performance. Parental SES was not correlated with FIQ , task performance, or task‐related prefrontal activation. Conclusions This finding provides further evidence that variance in prefrontal function has a genetic component since childhood and highlights brain function, as measured by NIRS , as a promising candidate for endophenotyping neurodevelopmental disorders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2162-3279 , 2162-3279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2018.8.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1002/brb3.980
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2623587-0
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    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identifying neurocognitive markers for outcome prediction of global functioning in individuals with first‐episode and ultra‐high‐risk for psychosis
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Vol. 71, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 318-327
    Details
    In: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Wiley, Vol. 71, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 318-327
    Abstract: There is an increasing need for identifying neurocognitive predictors of global functional outcome in early psychosis toward optimizing an early intervention strategy. Methods We conducted a longitudinal observational study to investigate an association between neurocognitive assessments at baseline and global functional outcome at an average of 1‐year follow up. Participants included ultra‐high‐risk for psychosis ( UHR ) individuals who had not converted to psychosis during the follow‐up period ( UHR‐NP ) and those with first‐episode psychosis ( FEP ). We evaluated neurocognition at baseline using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia Japanese version, including Verbal Memory, Working Memory, Motor Speed, Verbal Fluency, Attention/Processing Speed, and Executive Function. We also assessed global functional outcome using the modified Global Assessment of Functioning (m GAF ) scale both at baseline and after the follow‐up period. Results Thirty‐four UHR‐NP individuals (34/47, 72%) and 29 FEP individuals (29/36, 81%) completed assessment of neurocognitive function at baseline and functional outcome at follow up. In the UHR‐NP group, Attention/Processing Speed was significantly associated with the m GAF score at follow up. In the FEP group, Executive Function was significantly associated with the average m GAF score during follow up. Conclusion Attention/Processing Speed and Executive Function at baseline may predict global functional outcome of early psychosis. These neurocognitive tests are easy to incorporate in clinical settings and, if replicated in independent samples, may be included in routine clinical assessments for prediction of functional outcome in early psychosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1323-1316 , 1440-1819
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/pcn.2017.71.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12522
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010264-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Is Utena's Brief Objective Measures (UBOM) useful in real‐world behavioral assessment of functioning? Validity and utility testing in patients with schizophrenia
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Vol. 74, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 40-48
    Details
    In: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Wiley, Vol. 74, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. 40-48
    Abstract: Utena's Brief Objective Measures (UBOM) was developed to assess psychophysiological functions proximal to real‐world functioning in individuals with psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ), to facilitate shared decision‐making. However, the validity of UBOM has not been fully examined. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional observational study to evaluate the validity of each of the three tests in UBOM: UBOM‐Pulse, UBOM‐Ruler, and UBOM‐Random. We investigated associations: (i) between UBOM and existing cognitive‐ and autonomic‐function tests; and (ii) between UBOM and daily social functioning. The participants included SCZ individuals and healthy controls. We evaluated the cognitive and autonomic function using UBOM, the heart rate variability test, the simple reaction time test, and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese version. We also assessed the daily social functioning using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 and the modified Global Assessment of Functioning, Japanese version. Results Thirty‐one SCZ individuals and 35 healthy control individuals participated in this study. In the SCZ group, UBOM‐Ruler was significantly associated with the Cognition and Getting Along domains of WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. UBOM‐Random was significantly associated with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia's Working Memory, Verbal Fluency and Attention domains, and the modified Global Assessment of Functioning in the SCZ group. Conclusion The validity of the current version of UBOM is imperfect and further improvements will be necessary to attain the originally intended goal of developing a brief assessment tool for real‐world functioning in SCZ.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1323-1316 , 1440-1819
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/pcn.v74.1
    DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12929
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010264-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A General Equilibrium Approach to the Eurodollar Market
    JSTOR ; 1976
    In:  Journal of Money, Credit and Banking Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 1976-08), p. 297-
    Details
    In: Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, JSTOR, Vol. 8, No. 3 ( 1976-08), p. 297-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2879
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/1991609
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1976
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010422-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218362-6
    SSG: 3,2
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