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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genomic analysis of 61 Chlamydia psittaci strains reveals extensive divergence associated with host preference
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  BMC Genomics Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2023-05-29)
    Details
    In: BMC Genomics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2023-05-29)
    Abstract: Chlamydia (C.) psittaci , the causative agent of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis, is a genetically heterogeneous species. Its broad host range includes parrots and many other birds, but occasionally also humans (via zoonotic transmission), ruminants, horses, swine and rodents. To assess whether there are genetic markers associated with host tropism we comparatively analyzed whole-genome sequences of 61 C. psittaci strains, 47 of which carrying a 7.6-kbp plasmid. Results Following clean-up, reassembly and polishing of poorly assembled genomes from public databases, phylogenetic analyses using C. psittaci whole-genome sequence alignment revealed four major clades within this species. Clade 1 represents the most recent lineage comprising 40/61 strains and contains 9/10 of the psittacine strains, including type strain 6BC, and 10/13 of human isolates. Strains from different non-psittacine hosts clustered in Clades 2– 4. We found that clade membership correlates with typing schemes based on SNP types, ompA genotypes, multilocus sequence types as well as plasticity zone (PZ) structure and host preference. Genome analysis also revealed that i) sequence variation in the major outer membrane porin MOMP can result in 3D structural changes of immunogenic domains, ii) past host change of Clade 3 and 4 strains could be associated with loss of MAC/perforin in the PZ, rather than the large cytotoxin, iii) the distinct phylogeny of atypical strains (Clades 3 and 4) is also reflected in their repertoire of inclusion proteins (Inc family) and polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps). Conclusions Our study identified a number of genomic features that can be correlated with the phylogeny and host preference of C. psittaci strains. Our data show that intra-species genomic divergence is associated with past host change and includes deletions in the plasticity zone, structural variations in immunogenic domains and distinct repertoires of virulence factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2164
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09370-w
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Specificity and Performance of PCR Detection Assays for Microbial Pathogens
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2004
    In:  Molecular Biotechnology Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2004), p. 61-80
    Details
    In: Molecular Biotechnology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 2004), p. 61-80
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1073-6085
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1385/MB:26:1
    DOI: 10.1385/MB:26:1:61
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073594-7
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  • 3
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    Genetic Characterization of a Chlamydophila pneumoniae isolate from an African Frog and Comparison to Currently Accepted Biovars
    Elsevier BV ; 2001
    In:  Systematic and Applied Microbiology Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2001-1), p. 63-66
    Details
    In: Systematic and Applied Microbiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2001-1), p. 63-66
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0723-2020
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1078/0723-2020-00016
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 283612-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046331-5
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  • 4
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    Emendation of the family Chlamydiaceae: Proposal of a single genus, Chlamydia, to include all currently recognized species
    Elsevier BV ; 2015
    In:  Systematic and Applied Microbiology Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2015-03), p. 99-103
    Details
    In: Systematic and Applied Microbiology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 38, No. 2 ( 2015-03), p. 99-103
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0723-2020
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.12.004
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 283612-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046331-5
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  • 5
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    Chicken Cecum Immune Response to Salmonella enterica Serovars of Different Levels of Invasiveness
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2007
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 75, No. 12 ( 2007-12), p. 5993-6007
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 75, No. 12 ( 2007-12), p. 5993-6007
    Abstract: Day-old chicks are very susceptible to infections with Salmonella enterica subspecies. The gut mucosa is the initial site of host invasion and provides the first line of defense against the bacteria. To study the potential of different S. enterica serovars to invade the gut mucosa and trigger an immune response, day-old chicks were infected orally with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, S. enterica serovar Hadar, or S. enterica serovar Infantis, respectively. The localization of Salmonella organisms in gut mucosa and the number of immune cells in cecum were determined by immunohistochemistry in the period between 4 h and 9 days after infection. Using quantitative real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, mRNA expression of various cytokines, chemokines, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was examined in cecum. As a result, all S. enterica serovars were able to infect epithelial cells and the lamina propria. Notably, serovar Enteritidis showed the highest invasiveness of lamina propria tissue, whereas serovars Typhimurium and Hadar displayed moderate invasiveness and serovar Infantis hardly any invasion capabilities. Only a limited number of bacteria of all serovars were found within intestinal macrophages. Elevated numbers of granulocytes, CD8 + cells, and TCR1 + cells and mRNA expression rates for interleukin 12 (IL-12), IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha factor, and iNOS in cecum correlated well with the invasiveness of serovars in the lamina propria. In contrast, changes in numbers of TCR2 + and CD4 + cells and IL-2 mRNA expression seemed to be more dependent on infection of epithelial cells. The data indicate that the capability of Salmonella serovars to enter the cecal mucosa and invade lower regions affects both the level and character of the immune response in tissue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00695-07
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 6
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    The vsp Locus of Mycoplasma bovis : Gene Organization and Structural Features
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 181, No. 18 ( 1999-09-15), p. 5734-5741
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 181, No. 18 ( 1999-09-15), p. 5734-5741
    Abstract: Major lipoprotein antigens, known as variable membrane surface lipoproteins (Vsps), on the surface of the bovine pathogen Mycoplasma bovis were shown to spontaneously undergo noncoordinate phase variation between ON and OFF expression states. The high rate of Vsp phenotypic switching was also shown to be linked with DNA rearrangements that occur at high frequency in the M. bovis chromosome (I. Lysnyansky, R. Rosengarten, and D. Yogev, J. Bacteriol. 178:5395–5401, 1996). In the present study, 13 single-copy vsp genes organized in a chromosomal cluster were identified and characterized. All vsp genes encode highly conserved N-terminal domains for membrane insertion and lipoprotein processing but divergent mature Vsp proteins. About 80% of each vsp coding region is composed of reiterated coding sequences that create a periodic polypeptide structure. Eighteen distinct repetitive domains of different lengths and amino acid sequences are distributed within the products of the various vsp genes that are subject to size variation due to spontaneous insertions or deletions of these periodic units. Some of these repeats were found to be present in only one Vsp family member, whereas other repeats recurred at variable locations in several Vsps. Each vsp gene is also 5′ linked to a highly homologous upstream region composed of two internal cassettes. The findings that rearrangement events are associated with Vsp phenotypic switching and that multiple regions of high sequence similarity are present upstream of the vsp genes and within the vsp coding regions suggest that modulation of the Vsp antigenic repertoire is determined by recombination processes that occur at a high frequency within the vsp locus of M. bovis .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JB.181.18.5734-5741.1999
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Distinct Intensity of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Chlamydia psittaci- and Chlamydia abortus-Infected Chicken Embryos
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2012
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 80, No. 9 ( 2012-09), p. 2976-2988
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 80, No. 9 ( 2012-09), p. 2976-2988
    Abstract: Factors and mechanisms determining the differences in virulence and host specificity between the zoonotic agents Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia abortus are still largely unknown. In the present study, two strains were compared for their invasiveness, virulence, and capability of eliciting an immune response in chicken embryos. On breeding day 10, embryonated chicken eggs were inoculated with 5 × 10 4 inclusion-forming units. As shown by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR, C. psittaci displayed a significantly better capability of disseminating in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and internal organs than C. abortus . The higher infectious potential of C. psittaci in birds was underlined by significantly higher mRNA expression rates of essential chlamydial genes, such as incA , groEL (in CAM, liver, and spleen), cpaf , and ftsW (in CAM). Although the immune responses to both pathogens were similar, C. psittaci elicited higher macrophage numbers and a stronger expression of a subset of immune-related proteins. The data imply that invasiveness of Chlamydia spp. and propagation in the host are not solely dependent on the level of host immune response but, even to a greater extent, on the expression of bacterial factors related to virulence. The fact that C. psittaci has coped far better than C. abortus with the avian embryo's response by upregulating essential genes may be a key to understanding the mechanisms underlying host adaptation and etiopathology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00437-12
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 8
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    Transcriptional Response Patterns of Chlamydophila psittaci in Different In Vitro Models of Persistent Infection
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2006
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 74, No. 8 ( 2006-08), p. 4801-4808
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 74, No. 8 ( 2006-08), p. 4801-4808
    Abstract: The obligatory intracellular bacterium Chlamydophila psittaci is the causative agent of psittacosis in birds and humans. The capability of this zoonotic pathogen to develop a persistent phase is likely to play a role in chronicity of infections, as well as in failure of antibiotic therapy and immunoprophylaxis. To elucidate three different in vitro models for transition of C. psittaci to persistence (iron depletion, penicillin G treatment, and gamma interferon [IFN-γ] exposure), a set of 27 genes was examined by mRNA expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR. While the phenotypical characteristics were the same as in other chlamydiae, i.e., aberrant morphology of reticulate bodies, loss of cultivability, and rescue of infectivity upon removal of inducers, the transcriptional response of C. psittaci to persistence-inducing factors included several new and distinctive features. Consistent downregulation of membrane proteins, chlamydial sigma factors, cell division protein, and reticulate body-elementary body differentiation proteins from 24 h postinfection onward proved to be a general feature of C. psittaci persistence. However, other genes displayed considerable variations in response patterns from one model to another, which suggests that there is no persistence model per se. In contrast to results for Chlamydia trachomatis , late shutdown of essential genes in C. psittaci was more comprehensive with IFN-γ-induced persistence, which is probably due to the absence of a functional tryptophan synthesis operon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.01487-05
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EpiDope: a deep neural network for linear B-cell epitope prediction
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Bioinformatics Vol. 37, No. 12 ( 2021-07-19), p. 1784-1784
    Details
    In: Bioinformatics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 37, No. 12 ( 2021-07-19), p. 1784-1784
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1367-4803 , 1367-4811
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab390
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468345-3
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  • 10
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    The detection of Chlamydophila psittaci genotype C infection in dogs
    Elsevier BV ; 2009
    In:  The Veterinary Journal Vol. 181, No. 3 ( 2009-9), p. 274-279
    Details
    In: The Veterinary Journal, Elsevier BV, Vol. 181, No. 3 ( 2009-9), p. 274-279
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1090-0233
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.04.002
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002624-9
    SSG: 22
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