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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The geology of the Caribbean crust, I: Beata Ridge
    Elsevier BV ; 1970
    In:  Tectonophysics Vol. 10, No. 5-6 ( 1970-12), p. 495-513
    Details
    In: Tectonophysics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 10, No. 5-6 ( 1970-12), p. 495-513
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-1951
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0040-1951(70)90041-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1970
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    SSG: 16,13
    SSG: 13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Last Interglacial Ocean
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1984
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 1984-02), p. 123-224
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 21, No. 2 ( 1984-02), p. 123-224
    Abstract: The final effort of the CLIMAP project was a study of the last interglaciation, a time of minimum ice volume some 122,000 yr ago coincident with the Substage 5e oxygen isotopic minimum. Based on detailed oxygen isotope analyses and biotic census counts in 52 cores across the world ocean, last interglacial sea-surface temperatures (SST) were compared with those today. There are small SST departures in the mid-latitude North Atlantic (warmer) and the Gulf of Mexico (cooler). The eastern boundary currents of the South Atlantic and Pacific oceans are marked by large SST anomalies in individual cores, but their interpretations are precluded by no-analog problems and by discordancies among estimates from different biotic groups. In general, the last interglacial ocean was not significantly different from the modern ocean. The relative sequencing of ice decay versus oceanic warming on the Stage 6/5 oxygen isotopic transition and of ice growth versus oceanic cooling on the Stage 5e/5d transition was also studied. In most of the Southern Hemisphere, the oceanic response marked by the biotic census counts preceded (led) the global ice-volume response marked by the oxygen-isotope signal by several thousand years. The reverse pattern is evident in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, where the oceanic response lagged that of global ice volume by several thousand years. As a result, the very warm temperatures associated with the last interglaciation were regionally diachronous by several thousand years. These regional lead-lag relationships agree with those observed on other transitions and in long-term phase relationships; they cannot be explained simply as artifacts of bioturbational translations of the original signals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0033-5894(84)90098-X
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
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    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shaping of the Continental Rise by Deep Geostrophic Contour Currents
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 1966
    In:  Science Vol. 152, No. 3721 ( 1966-04-22), p. 502-508
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 152, No. 3721 ( 1966-04-22), p. 502-508
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.152.3721.502
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1966
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Did agriculture beget agriculture during the past several millennia?
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  The Holocene Vol. 32, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 680-689
    Details
    In: The Holocene, SAGE Publications, Vol. 32, No. 7 ( 2022-07), p. 680-689
    Abstract: The Early Anthropogenic Hypothesis posits that carbon emissions from ancient farming caused global warming by raising greenhouse gas concentrations (GHG) during the late-Holocene, in contrast to declining GHG during prior interglacials. Here, we explore whether this hypothesized pre-industrial anthropogenic climate change also fostered agriculture by creating more favorable growing conditions. We investigate this question using transient GCM experiments and the Cultivation Suitability Index, CSI, which quantifies farming potential based on climatic and soil factors. The Community Earth System Model (CESM) simulated the climate of the last 6000 years under two alternative forcing scenarios: (1) ACTUAL: orbital variations, historical land cover change, and observed GHG increase; and (2) NATURAL: orbital variations, fixed (natural) land cover, and expected natural GHG decline. The CSI was computed using CESM model output and observed soil properties. Ancient land clearance affected the simulated climate both biogeochemically (via carbon emissions) and biogeophysically (altered surface albedo and land-atmosphere energy fluxes). Biogeochemical effects generally dominated, as evidenced by a warmer (and slightly wetter) global climate in ACTUAL versus NATURAL by year 1850. But a few regions were cooler in ACTUAL, especially interior Eurasia during winter-spring, due to a higher surface albedo from cropland. The expansion of agriculture generally mitigated the orbitally induced decline in cultivation potential in boreal extratropics but worsened it in low latitudes. Our results suggest that ancient farming may have thus promoted a “push-pull” migration during the late-Holocene by inducing climate changes that encouraged a northward spread of agriculture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-6836 , 1477-0911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/09596836221088231
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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    SSG: 14
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Anthropocene
    Annual Reviews ; 2013
    In:  Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 2013-05-30), p. 45-68
    Details
    In: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Annual Reviews, Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 2013-05-30), p. 45-68
    Abstract: The start of the period of large-scale human effects on this planet (the Anthropocene) is debated. The industrial view holds that most significant impacts have occurred since the early industrial era (∼1850), whereas the early-anthropogenic view recognizes large impacts thousands of years earlier. This review focuses on three indices of global-scale human influence: forest clearance (and related land use), emissions of greenhouse gases (CO 2 and CH 4 ), and effects on global temperature. Because reliable, systematic land-use surveys are rare prior to 1950, most reconstructions for early-industrial centuries and prior millennia are hind casts that assume humans have used roughly the same amount of land per person for 7,000 years. But this assumption is incorrect. Historical data and new archeological databases reveal much greater per-capita land use in preindustrial than in recent centuries. This early forest clearance caused much greater preindustrial greenhouse-gas emissions and global temperature changes than those proposed within the industrial paradigm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0084-6597 , 1545-4495
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1146/earth.2013.41.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1146/annurev-earth-050212-123944
    Language: English
    Publisher: Annual Reviews
    Publication Date: 2013
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Holocene carbon emissions as a result of anthropogenic land cover change
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  The Holocene Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2011-08), p. 775-791
    Details
    In: The Holocene, SAGE Publications, Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2011-08), p. 775-791
    Abstract: Humans have altered the Earth’s land surface since the Paleolithic mainly by clearing woody vegetation first to improve hunting and gathering opportunities, and later to provide agricultural cropland. In the Holocene, agriculture was established on nearly all continents and led to widespread modification of terrestrial ecosystems. To quantify the role that humans played in the global carbon cycle over the Holocene, we developed a new, annually resolved inventory of anthropogenic land cover change from 8000 years ago to the beginning of large-scale industrialization (ad 1850). This inventory is based on a simple relationship between population and land use observed in several European countries over preindustrial time. Using this data set, and an alternative scenario based on the HYDE 3.1 land use data base, we forced the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model in a series of continuous simulations to evaluate the impacts of humans on terrestrial carbon storage during the preindustrial Holocene. Our model setup allowed us to quantify the importance of land degradation caused by repeated episodes of land use followed by abandonment. By 3 ka BP, cumulative carbon emissions caused by anthropogenic land cover change in our new scenario ranged between 84 and 102 Pg, translating to c. 7 ppm of atmospheric CO 2 . By ad 1850, emissions were 325–357 Pg in the new scenario, in contrast to 137–189 Pg when driven by HYDE. Regional events that resulted in local emissions or uptake of carbon were often balanced by contrasting patterns in other parts of the world. While we cannot close the carbon budget in the current study, simulated cumulative anthropogenic emissions over the preindustrial Holocene are consistent with the ice core record of atmospheric δ 13 CO 2 and support the hypothesis that anthropogenic activities led to the stabilization of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations at a level that made the world substantially warmer than it otherwise would be.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0959-6836 , 1477-0911
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0959683610386983
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027956-5
    SSG: 14
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tectonic Boundary Conditions for Climate Reconstructions, Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, No. 39.
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1999
    In:  Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 80, No. 34 ( 1999-08-24), p. 381-381
    Details
    In: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 80, No. 34 ( 1999-08-24), p. 381-381
    Abstract: Although most of Earth's early historical record has been destroyed by plate‐tectonic recycling of rocks, the blurry outline of its tectonic history comes slowly into focus in geologic records from the last 400 million years. One by one, past configurations of its major geographic features—outlines of continents and oceans, and subaerial and subsea topography—become resolvable in varying degree from surviving geologic evidence. Earlier in this century this kind of information inspired geoscientists to concoct hypotheses to explain the many observations of past climate changes emerging from studies of sedimentary rocks. Tectonic hypotheses of climate change proliferated, unconstrained by rigorous testing. In the last 2 decades, since pioneering work in the early 1980s by Eric Barron, climate models have been used to put quantitative constraints on these ideas, producing an ongoing scientific revolution in our understanding of long‐term climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3941 , 2324-9250
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/EO080i034p00381
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1999
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118760-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 240154-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Palaeoclimate, global change and the future. K. D. Alverson, R. S. Bradley and T. F. Pederson (eds). Springer, Berlin, 2003 (221 pp) ISBN 3 540 42402 4
    Wiley ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Quaternary Science Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2005-03), p. 297-297
    Details
    In: Journal of Quaternary Science, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2005-03), p. 297-297
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0267-8179 , 1099-1417
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jqs.v20:3
    DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1417
    DOI: 10.1002/jqs.912
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2031875-3
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Orbital changes and climate
    Elsevier BV ; 2006
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 25, No. 23-24 ( 2006-12), p. 3092-3112
    Details
    In: Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier BV, Vol. 25, No. 23-24 ( 2006-12), p. 3092-3112
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.09.001
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 780249-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495523-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
    Online Resource
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    A test of the overdue-glaciation hypothesis
    Elsevier BV ; 2005
    In:  Quaternary Science Reviews Vol. 24, No. 1-2 ( 2005-1), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Quaternary Science Reviews, Elsevier BV, Vol. 24, No. 1-2 ( 2005-1), p. 1-10
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0277-3791
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.07.010
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 780249-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495523-4
    SSG: 14
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