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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Feasibility of an airborne TV camera as a size spectrometer for cloud droplets in daylight
    Optica Publishing Group ; 1999
    In:  Applied Optics Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 1999-01-20), p. 441-
    Details
    In: Applied Optics, Optica Publishing Group, Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 1999-01-20), p. 441-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6935 , 1539-4522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1364/AO.38.000441
    Language: English
    Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
    Publication Date: 1999
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Solar influences on polar modes of variability
    Schweizerbart ; 2006
    In:  Meteorologische Zeitschrift Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2006-07-10), p. 371-378
    Details
    In: Meteorologische Zeitschrift, Schweizerbart, Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2006-07-10), p. 371-378
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0941-2948
    Uniform Title: Solar influences on polar modes of variability
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0123
    RVK:
    UA 5450
    Language: English , English
    Publisher: Schweizerbart
    Publication Date: 2006
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    SSG: 14
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measurement Techniques in Gas-Phase Tropospheric Chemistry: A Selective View of the Past, Present, and Future
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 1997
    In:  Science Vol. 276, No. 5315 ( 1997-05-16), p. 1065-1072
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 276, No. 5315 ( 1997-05-16), p. 1065-1072
    Abstract: Measurements of trace gases and photolysis rates in the troposphere are essential for understanding photochemical smog and global environmental change. Chemical measurement techniques have progressed enormously since the first regular observations of tropospheric ozone in the 19th century. In contrast, by the 1940s spectroscopic measurements were already of a quality that would have allowed the use of modern analysis techniques to reduce interference between gases, although such techniques were not applied at the time. Today, chemical and spectroscopic techniques complement each other on a wide range of platforms. The boundaries between spectroscopic techniques will retreat as more Fourier transform spectrometers are used at visible wavelengths and as wide-band lidars are extended, and combining chemical techniques will allow detection of more trace gases with better sensitivity. Other future developments will focus on smaller, lighter instruments to take advantage of new platforms such as unmanned aircraft and to improve the effectiveness of urban sampling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5315.1065
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1997
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Final Warming Date of the Antarctic Polar Vortex and Influences on its Interannual Variability
    American Meteorological Society ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 22, No. 22 ( 2009-11-15), p. 5809-5819
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 22, No. 22 ( 2009-11-15), p. 5809-5819
    Abstract: More than 40 years of radiosonde data from two Antarctic stations are examined for changes in the date of the final stratospheric warming that occurs each year as the vortex breaks up in spring/summer. A new measure of this date is derived that does not rely on specification of a threshold, as has been common previously. The date of final warming takes between 10 and 40 days to progress from 30 to 100 hPa and occurs 20–30 days later in the 1990s than in the 1960s. Multiple linear regression analyses of these final warming dates, and also of the vertical profile of the southern annular mode (SAM), are presented. Only a weak signal is found for a linear trend, but a significant response is found throughout the atmosphere to ozone mass deficit (OMD), representing stratospheric ozone loss. In the SAM a significant response to the combined influence of solar variability and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is also found. The seasonal evolution of these signals in the NCEP Reanalysis zonal mean temperatures is examined and their influences on final warming dates is calculated. This confirms that ozone loss is primarily responsible for the delayed warming in the lower stratosphere in recent years, but suggests that the phase of solar activity and the QBO also have an effect. The apparent downward progression of the signal of OMD, and of the combined solar activity and QBO, extends well into the upper troposphere and appears to be caused simply by a delay in the top-down breakup of the vortex.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-0442 , 0894-8755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/2009JCLI2865.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strong Dynamical Modulation of the Cooling of the Polar Stratosphere Associated with the Antarctic Ozone Hole
    American Meteorological Society ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2012-01-15), p. 662-668
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 2012-01-15), p. 662-668
    Abstract: A model simulation forced by prescribed ozone depletion shows strong dynamical modulation of the springtime cooling of the polar stratosphere associated with the Antarctic ozone hole. The authors find that in late spring the anomalous radiative cooling in response to ozone depletion is almost canceled above ~100 hPa by an increase in dynamical heating. Between ~300 and ~100 hPa, however, it is enhanced by a reduction in dynamical heating, resulting in the descent of the cold anomaly down to the tropopause. In early summer increased dynamical heating dominates as the radiative cooling diminishes so that the cold anomaly associated with the delayed breakup of the stratospheric vortex is reduced. The anomalous dynamical heating is driven by changes in the Brewer–Dobson circulation arising primarily from the dissipation of resolved-scale waves. The model changes are broadly consistent with trends from reanalysis and offline diagnoses of heating rates using a radiation scheme. These results help one to understand dynamically induced change in the evolution and timing of the stratospheric vortex in recent decades and will help to enable improved simulation of the Southern Hemisphere climate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00480.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evidence against an Antarctic Stratospheric Vortex Split during the Periods of Pre-IGY Temperature Measurements
    American Meteorological Society ; 2005
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2005-03-01), p. 885-889
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2005-03-01), p. 885-889
    Abstract: Historic upper-air observations from Antarctica are inspected to investigate the uniqueness of the vortex split in the Antarctic spring of 2002. No comprehensive meteorological observations are available prior to the International Geophysical Year (IGY) 1957/58, but stratospheric temperature observations from single stations provide evidence of varying strengths against the possibility of a split vortex in 1940 and in the early and middle 1950s.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-0469 , 0022-4928
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-3317.1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2005
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Changes in reactive stratospheric gases due to a change in Brewer-Dobson circulation: results from a simple model
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Atmospheric Science Letters Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 49-54
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Science Letters, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 49-54
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1530-261X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/asl.v13.1
    DOI: 10.1002/asl.362
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The impact of the mixing properties within the Antarctic stratospheric vortex on ozone loss in spring
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 106, No. D3 ( 2001-02-16), p. 3203-3211
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 106, No. D3 ( 2001-02-16), p. 3203-3211
    Abstract: Calculations of equivalent length from an artificial advected tracer provide new insight into the isentropic transport processes occurring within the Antarctic stratospheric vortex. These calculations show two distinct regions of approximately equal area: a strongly mixed vortex core and a broad ring of weakly mixed air extending out to the vortex boundary. This broad ring of vortex air remains isolated from the core between late winter and midspring. Satellite measurements of stratospheric H 2 O confirm that the isolation lasts until at least mid‐October. A three‐dimensional chemical transport model simulation of the Antarctic ozone hole quantifies the ozone loss within this ring and demonstrates its isolation. In contrast to the vortex core, ozone loss in the weakly mixed broad ring is not complete. The reasons are twofold. First, warmer temperatures in the broad ring prevent continuous polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) formation and the associated chemical processing (i.e., the conversion of unreactive chlorine into reactive forms). Second, the isolation prevents ozone‐rich air from the broad ring mixing with chemically processed air from the vortex core. If the stratosphere continues to cool, this will lead to increased PSC formation and more complete chemical processing in the broad ring. Despite the expected decline in halocarbons, sensitivity studies suggest that this mechanism will lead to enhanced ozone loss in the weakly mixed region, delaying the future recovery of the ozone hole.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000JD900398
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The existence of the edge region of the Antarctic stratospheric vortex : EDGE REGION OF ANTARCTIC VORTEX
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 117, No. D4 ( 2012-02-27), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 117, No. D4 ( 2012-02-27), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JD015940
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frost flower surface area and chemistry as a function of salinity and temperature
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 114, No. D20 ( 2009-10-24)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 114, No. D20 ( 2009-10-24)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JD012481
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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