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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Thermomechanical Treatments on Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Synthetic Geopolymer Fly Ash Pore Solution
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-04-29), p. 4054-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 2021-04-29), p. 4054-
    Abstract: In this study the effect of thermomechanical treatments in chloride induced pitting corrosion is presented for carbon steel rebars exposed to synthetic fly ash (FA) pore solution. Due to the likely phase transformations that steel reinforcements in concrete experience during the event of a fire, the understanding of the corrosion behavior of such phases is key in predicting the stability of the structure. The motivation for this study arrives from the scarce literature regarding the corrosion behavior of thermomechanically treated steel reinforcements in FA environments and the need for further investigation to understand its mechanism. In order to better understand the effects on the corrosion behavior electrochemical measurements including cyclic potentiodynamic polarization curves (CPP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used. It was found that quenched specimens showed enhanced corrosion kinetics as their icorr values were higher, being of 3.18 × 10−5 and 2.20 × 10−5 A/cm2 for water and oil quenched compared to 2.13 × 10−6 A/cm2 for the as-received. Furthermore, the effective capacitance of the double layer (Ceff,dl) showed the lower stability of the passive film for the quenched specimens, with values of 1.11 × 10−3 µF/cm2 for the as-receive sample that decreased to 8.12 × 10−4 µF/cm2 for the water quenched sample. The anodic charge transfer coefficient in the synthetic FA alkaline pore solution changes from 0.282 to 0.088, for the as-received and water quenched rebars specimens, respectively. These results indicate a lower energy barrier for the anodic dissolution reaction of quenched specimens, indicating that martensite and bainite microstructures promote corrosion process. Enhanced corrosion was found on quenched samples presenting martensite and bainite microstructure as showed by the increased pith depth, with values of 5 μm compared to 1 μm observed in the as-received samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app11094054
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corrosion Behavior of High-Mn Austenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Cr–C Steels in NaCl and NaOH Solutions
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Materials Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2021-01-16), p. 425-
    Details
    In: Materials, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 2021-01-16), p. 425-
    Abstract: The corrosion behavior of austenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Cr–C twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) and microband-induced plasticity (MBIP) steels with different alloying elements ranging from 22.6–30 wt.% Mn, 5.2–8.5 wt.% Al, 3.1–5.1 wt.% Cr, to 0.68–1.0 wt.% C was studied in 3.5 wt.% NaCl (pH 7) and 10 wt.% NaOH (pH 14) solutions. The results obtained using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, alongside optical microscopy analysis, revealed pitting as the dominant corrosion mechanism in high-Mn TWIP steels. An X-ray diffraction analysis of the surface revealed that the main corrosion products were hematite (Fe2O3), braunite (Mn2O3), and hausmannite (Mn3O4), and binary oxide spinels were also identified, such as galaxite (MnAl2O4) and jacobsite (MnFe2O4). This is due to the higher dissolution rate of Fe and Mn, which present a more active redox potential. In addition, a protective Al2O3 passive film was also revealed, showing enhanced corrosion protection. The highest corrosion susceptibility in both electrolytes was exhibited by the MBIP steel (30 wt.% Mn). Pitting corrosion was observed in both chloride and alkaline solutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-1944
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ma14020425
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2487261-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influencia de la presión de cristalización y variación de volumen durante la formación de herrumbre en ambientes marino y continental-urbano: Factores críticos en la exfoliación
    Editorial CSIC ; 2020
    In:  Revista de Metalurgia Vol. 56, No. 1 ( 2020-07-20), p. 164-
    Details
    In: Revista de Metalurgia, Editorial CSIC, Vol. 56, No. 1 ( 2020-07-20), p. 164-
    Abstract: Este artículo estudia la capa de óxido formada en acero al carbono expuesto a ambientes marinos naturales y urbano-continentales durante 50 años. La composición de la fase mineralógica de la capa de óxido se evaluó mediante difracción de rayos-X (DRX), se identificaron las fases akaganeita, goetita, lepidocrocita, magnetita y amorfa. La caracterización morfológica de las muestras se realizó mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y microanálisis por dispersión de energía de rayos-X (EDX). La tensión mecánica generada durante la formación del óxido provoca la ruptura mediante exfoliación de la capa de herrumbre. La variación de volumen causada por las transformaciones estructurales y la presión de cristalización (Δp) de las fases cristalinas se analizaron para evaluar la tensión mecánica sobre la herrumbre y se encontró una relación lineal entre el coeficiente de expansión de volumen molar (α) y el parámetro Δp. La Δp más elevada fue producida por la goethita (374.99 MPa), mientras que la akaganeita presentó el valor α más alto (3.29).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1988-4222 , 0034-8570
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3989/revmetalm.2020.v56.i1
    DOI: 10.3989/revmetalm.164
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Editorial CSIC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2397942-2
    SSG: 19,1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxygen scavenging activity of smart colophony microcapsules containing nitrite corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforced concrete
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Materials Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-17)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Materials, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2022-11-17)
    Abstract: In this study, the electrochemical performance of microcapsules (MCs) containing NaNO 2 corrosion inhibitors for steel reinforcements was studied in 0.6 M chloride contaminated simulated concrete pore solutions (SCPS) with varying pH for a period of 28 days. The corrosion inhibition was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The polarization results for the MC samples showed improved corrosion resistance, with an i corr of 2.54 ×10 –6 A/cm 2 after 28 days exposure in SCPS. Oxygen scavenging activity from the MCs was observed by reduced cathodic kinetics, displaying decreased cathodic exchange current densities of 2.66 ×10 −8 A/cm 2 , thus imparting cathodic inhibition in conjunction with anodic corrosion inhibitors. The microcapsules additionally displayed improvement over free NaNO 2 inhibitors after sufficient release time. The decrease in cathodic and anodic kinetics, along with the improved corrosion resistance, show a dual synergistic corrosion inhibition of the NaNO 2 loaded colophony MC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-8016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2022.1052261
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2759394-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Orientation of a floating right triangular prism
    IOP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  EPL (Europhysics Letters) Vol. 118, No. 3 ( 2017-07-10), p. 30004-
    Details
    In: EPL (Europhysics Letters), IOP Publishing, Vol. 118, No. 3 ( 2017-07-10), p. 30004-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0295-5075 , 1286-4854
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/118/30004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1465366-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 165776-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polyionic Complexed Antibacterial Heparin–Chitosan Particles for Antibiotic Delivery
    American Chemical Society (ACS) ; 2019
    In:  ACS Applied Bio Materials Vol. 2, No. 12 ( 2019-12-16), p. 5848-5858
    Details
    In: ACS Applied Bio Materials, American Chemical Society (ACS), Vol. 2, No. 12 ( 2019-12-16), p. 5848-5858
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2576-6422 , 2576-6422
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00833
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2936886-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intergranular to Intragranular Pitting Corrosion Transition Mechanism of Sensitized AA5083 at 150 °C
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Metals Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2020-08-11), p. 1082-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 8 ( 2020-08-11), p. 1082-
    Abstract: Intergranular corrosion (IGC) and pitting transition caused by grain boundary β-phase saturation of aluminum alloy AA5083 sensitized at 150 °C was investigated in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The change in the localized corrosion mechanism from IGC to pitting was studied by microstructural and electrochemical analysis, where IGC was found to be the primary mechanism at low degrees of sensitization (DoS) and pitting corrosion was observed to develop after grain boundary β-phase saturation. Evaluation of the double layer capacitance by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and charge passed through the specimens by potentiostatic current monitoring demonstrated a well differentiated three-stage dissolution mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met10081082
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corrosion Mechanisms of High-Mn Twinning-Induced Plasticity (TWIP) Steels: A Critical Review
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Metals Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-07), p. 287-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-07), p. 287-
    Abstract: Twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels have higher strength and ductility than conventional steels. Deformation mechanisms producing twins that prevent gliding and stacking of dislocations cause a higher ductility than that of steel grades with the same strength. TWIP steels are considered to be within the new generation of advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). However, some aspects, such as the corrosion resistance and performance in service of TWIP steel materials, need more research. Application of TWIP steels in the automotive industry requires a proper investigation of corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanisms, which would indicate the optimum degree of protection and the possible decrease in costs. In general, Fe−Mn-based TWIP steel alloys can passivate in oxidizing acid, neutral, and basic solutions, however they cannot passivate in reducing acid or active chloride solutions. TWIP steels have become as a potential material of interest for automotive applications due to their effectiveness, impact resistance, and negligible harm to the environment. The mechanical and corrosion performance of TWIP steels is subjected to the manufacturing and processing steps, like forging and casting, elemental composition, and thermo-mechanical treatment. Corrosion of TWIP steels caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors has posed a serious problem for their use. Passivity breakdown caused by pitting, and galvanic corrosion due to phase segregation are widely described and their critical mechanisms examined. Numerous studies have been performed to study corrosion behavior and passivation of TWIP steel. Despite the large number of articles on corrosion, few comprehensive reports have been published on this topic. The current trend for development of corrosion resistance TWIP steel is thoroughly studied and represented, showing the key mechanisms and factors influencing corrosion processes, and its consequences on TWIP steel. In addition, suggestions for future works and gaps in the literature are considered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met11020287
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corrosion Behavior of Al10Cr30Fe25Mn30Ti5 High-Entropy Alloy: Microstructural, Electrochemical, and Surface Analysis
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Metals Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-16), p. 1736-
    Details
    In: Metals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-16), p. 1736-
    Abstract: In this work, the corrosion performance of a new developed high-entropy alloy (HEA) of the composition Al10Cr30Fe25Mn30Ti5 (at. %) was studied. The corrosion testing of the Al10Cr30Fe25Mn30Ti5 HEA was carried out in 2.5 M NaOH, 0.6 M NaCl, and in 0.5 M H2SO4. The correlation between the microstructure, elemental composition, density, hardness, and corrosion resistance of the new developed Al10Cr30Fe25Mn30Ti5 HEA was investigated. The impedance response showed protective corrosion behavior for the neutral and acidic pH, while the alkaline environment led to a passivity breakdown due to dissolution of Al forming Al(OH)3. The outcome of the presented study suggests that new developed HEA is suitable to be used in industrial environments with a neutral and acidic pH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4701
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/met12101736
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662252-X
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Protection of Carbon Steel Rebars by Epoxy Coating with Smart Environmentally Friendly Microcapsules
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Coatings Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-20), p. 113-
    Details
    In: Coatings, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-01-20), p. 113-
    Abstract: The protection of mild steel by modified epoxy coating containing colophony microencapsulated corrosion inhibitors was investigated in this study. The corrosion behavior of these epoxy coatings containing colophony microcapsules was studied by electrochemical analysis using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The microcapsule coating showed decreased corrosion current densities of 2.75 × 10−8 and 3.21 × 10−8 A/cm2 along with corrosion potential values of 0.349 and 0.392 VSCE for simulated concrete pore solution and deionized water with 3.5 wt.% NaCl, respectively, indicating improved corrosion protection in both alkaline and neutral pH. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis also showed charge transfer resistance values over one order of magnitude higher than the control sample, corroborating the electrochemical corrosion potential and current density testing results. Overall, the use of colophony microcapsules showed improved corrosion protection in simulated concrete pore solution and DI water solutions containing chloride ions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-6412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/coatings11020113
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662314-6
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