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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A kernel-based dose calculation algorithm for kV photon beams with explicit handling of energy and material dependencies
    British Institute of Radiology ; 2017
    In:  The British Journal of Radiology Vol. 90, No. 1069 ( 2017-01), p. 20160426-
    Details
    In: The British Journal of Radiology, British Institute of Radiology, Vol. 90, No. 1069 ( 2017-01), p. 20160426-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1285 , 1748-880X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160426
    RVK:
    XA 34700
    Language: English
    Publisher: British Institute of Radiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468548-6
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  • 2
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    Characterization of a commercial bioluminescence tomography‐guided system for pre‐clinical radiation research
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Medical Physics
    Details
    In: Medical Physics, Wiley
    Abstract: Widely used Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐guided irradiators have limitations in localizing soft tissue targets growing in a low‐contrast environment. This hinders small animal irradiators achieving precise focal irradiation. Purpose To advance image‐guidance for soft tissue targeting, we developed a commercial‐grade bioluminescence tomography‐guided system (BLT, MuriGlo) for pre‐clinical radiation research. We characterized the system performance and demonstrated its capability in target localization. We expect this study can provide a comprehensive guideline for the community in utilizing the BLT system for radiation studies. Methods MuriGlo consists of four mirrors, filters, lens, and charge‐coupled device (CCD) camera, enabling a compact imaging platform and multi‐projection and multi‐spectral BLT. A newly developed mouse bed allows animals imaged in MuriGlo and transferred to a small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) for CBCT imaging and BLT‐guided irradiation. Methods and tools were developed to evaluate the CCD response linearity, minimal detectable signal, focusing, spatial resolution, distortion, and uniformity. A transparent polycarbonate plate covering the middle of the mouse bed was used to support and image animals from underneath the bed. We investigated its effect on 2D Bioluminescence images and 3D BLT reconstruction accuracy, and studied its dosimetric impact along with the rest of mouse bed. A method based on pinhole camera model was developed to map multi‐projection bioluminescence images to the object surface generated from CBCT image. The mapped bioluminescence images were used as the input data for the optical reconstruction. To account for free space light propagation from object surface to optical detector, a spectral derivative (SD) method was implemented for BLT reconstruction. We assessed the use of the SD data (ratio imaging of adjacent wavelength) in mitigating out of focusing and non‐uniformity seen in the images. A mouse phantom was used to validate the data mapping. The phantom and an in vivo glioblastoma model were utilized to demonstrate the accuracy of the BLT target localization. Results The CCD response shows good linearity with  〈  0.6% residual from a linear fit. The minimal detectable level is 972 counts for 10 × 10 binning. The focal plane position is within the range of 13–18 mm above the mouse bed. The spatial resolution of 2D optical imaging is  〈  0.3 mm at Rayleigh criterion. Within the region of interest, the image uniformity is within 5% variation, and image shift due to distortion is within 0.3 mm. The transparent plate caused  〈  6% light attenuation. The use of the SD imaging data can effectively mitigate out of focusing, image non‐uniformity, and the plate attenuation, to support accurate multi‐spectral BLT reconstruction. There is  〈  0.5% attenuation on dose delivery caused by the bed. The accuracy of data mapping from the 2D bioluminescence images to CBCT image is within 0.7 mm. Our phantom test shows the BLT system can localize a bioluminescent target within 1 mm with an optimal threshold and only 0.2 mm deviation was observed for the case with and without a transparent plate. The same localization accuracy can be maintained for the in vivo GBM model. Conclusions This work is the first systematic study in characterizing the commercial BLT‐guided system. The information and methods developed will be useful for the community to utilize the imaging system for image‐guided radiation research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-2405 , 2473-4209
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/mp.16669
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466421-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium–tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
    IOP Publishing ; 2019
    In:  Nuclear Fusion Vol. 59, No. 11 ( 2019-11-01), p. 112021-
    Details
    In: Nuclear Fusion, IOP Publishing, Vol. 59, No. 11 ( 2019-11-01), p. 112021-
    Abstract: For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des . 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D–T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D–T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D–T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D–T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D–T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D–T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfvèn eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems…) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D–T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D–T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0029-5515 , 1741-4326
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab2276
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2037980-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of an anatomically correct mouse phantom for dosimetry measurement in small animal radiotherapy research
    IOP Publishing ; 2019
    In:  Physics in Medicine & Biology Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2019-06-21), p. 12NT02-
    Details
    In: Physics in Medicine & Biology, IOP Publishing, Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2019-06-21), p. 12NT02-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1361-6560
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab215b
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473501-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Three dimensional reconstruction of therapeutic carbon ion beams in phantoms using single secondary ion tracks
    IOP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Physics in Medicine and Biology Vol. 62, No. 12 ( 2017-06-21), p. 4884-4896
    Details
    In: Physics in Medicine and Biology, IOP Publishing, Vol. 62, No. 12 ( 2017-06-21), p. 4884-4896
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-9155 , 1361-6560
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa6aeb
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473501-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Contrast-enhanced, conebeam CT-based, fractionated radiotherapy and follow-up monitoring of orthotopic mouse glioblastoma: a proof-of-concept study
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Radiation Oncology Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: Radiation Oncology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Despite aggressive treatment regimens comprising surgery and radiochemotherapy, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a cancer entity with very poor prognosis. The development of novel, combined modality approaches necessitates adequate preclinical model systems and therapy regimens that closely reflect the clinical situation. So far, image-guided, fractionated radiotherapy of orthotopic GBM models represents a major limitation in this regard. Methods GL261 mouse GBM cells were inoculated into the right hemispheres of C57BL/6 mice. Tumor growth was monitored by contrast-enhanced conebeam CT (CBCT) scans. When reaching an average volume of approximately 7 mm 3 , GBM tumors were irradiated with daily fractions of 2 Gy up to a cumulative dose of 20 Gy in different beam collimation settings. For treatment planning and tumor volume follow-up, contrast-enhanced CBCT scans were performed twice per week. Daily repositioning of animals was achieved by alignment of bony structures in native CBCT scans. When showing neurological symptoms, mice were sacrificed by cardiac perfusion. Brains, livers, and kidneys were processed into histologic sections. Potential toxic effects of contrast agent administration were assessed by measurement of liver enzyme and creatinine serum levels and by histologic examination. Results Tumors were successfully visualized by contrast-enhanced CBCT scans with a detection limit of approximately 2 mm 3 , and treatment planning could be performed. For daily repositioning of the animals, alignment of bony structures in native CT scans was well feasible. Fractionated irradiation caused a significant delay in tumor growth translating into significantly prolonged survival in clear dependence of the beam collimation setting and margin size. Brain sections revealed tumors of similar appearance and volume on the day of euthanasia. Importantly, the repeated contrast agent injections were well tolerated, as liver enzyme and creatinine serum levels were only subclinically elevated, and liver and kidney sections displayed normal histomorphology. Conclusions Contrast-enhanced, CT-based, fractionated radiation of orthotopic mouse GBM represents a versatile preclinical technique for the development and evaluation of multimodal radiotherapeutic approaches in combination with novel therapeutic agents in order to accelerate translation into clinical testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1748-717X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-1470-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2224965-5
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