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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrating continuous atmospheric boundary layer and tower-based flux measurements to advance understanding of land-atmosphere interactions
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Vol. 307 ( 2021-09), p. 108509-
    Details
    In: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 307 ( 2021-09), p. 108509-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0168-1923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108509
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012165-9
    SSG: 23
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The role of surface energy fluxes in determining mixing layer heights
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Vol. 342 ( 2023-11), p. 109687-
    Details
    In: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 342 ( 2023-11), p. 109687-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0168-1923
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109687
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012165-9
    SSG: 23
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Airborne Measurements of Coastal Jet Transition around Point Conception, California
    American Meteorological Society ; 2013
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 141, No. 11 ( 2013-11-01), p. 3827-3839
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 141, No. 11 ( 2013-11-01), p. 3827-3839
    Abstract: Low-level winds along the Californian coast during spring and early summer are typically strong and contained within the cool, well-mixed marine boundary layer (MBL). A temperature inversion separates the MBL from the warmer free troposphere. This setup is often represented by a two-layer shallow-water system with a lateral boundary. Near a prominent point such as Point Conception, California, the fast-moving MBL flow is supercritical and can exhibit distinct features including a compression bulge and an expansion fan. Measurements from the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft on 19 May 2012 during the Precision Atmospheric MBL Experiment (PreAMBLE) captured wind in excess of 14 m s−1 off of Point Conception under clear skies and wind ~2 m s−1 east of San Miguel in the California Bight. A compression bulge was identified upwind of Point Conception. When the flow rounds the point, the MBL undergoes a near collapse and there is a spike in MBL height embedded in the general decrease of MBL height with greater turbulence just downwind that is associated with greater mixing through the inversion layer. Lidar and in situ measurements reveal that transport of continental aerosol is present near the pronounced MBL height change and that there is a complex vertical structure within the Santa Barbara Channel. Horizontal pressure gradients are obtained by measuring the slope of an isobaric surface. Observations of wind and pressure perturbations are able to be linked through a simple Bernoulli relationship. Variation of MBL depth explains most, but not all of the variation of the isobaric surface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-0644 , 1520-0493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00030.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coastal Jet Adjustment near Point Conception, California, with Opposing Wind in the Bight
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 142, No. 3 ( 2014-03-01), p. 1344-1360
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 142, No. 3 ( 2014-03-01), p. 1344-1360
    Abstract: Typical spring and summer conditions offshore of California consist of strong northerly low-level wind contained within the cool, well-mixed marine boundary layer (MBL) that is separated from the warm and dry free troposphere by a sharp temperature inversion. This system is often represented by two layers constrained by a lateral boundary. Aircraft measurements near Point Conception, California, on 3 June 2012 during the Precision Atmospheric MBL Experiment (PreAMBLE) captured small-scale features associated with northerly flow approaching the point with the added complexity of encountering opposing wind in the Santa Barbara Channel. An extremely sharp cloud edge extends south-southwest of Point Conception and the flight strategy consisted of a spoke pattern to map the features across the cloud edge. Lidar and in situ measurements reveal a nearly vertical jump in the MBL from 500 to 100 m close to the coast and a sharp edge at least 70 km away from the coast. In this case, it is hypothesized that it is not solely hydraulic features responsible for the jump, but the opposing flow in the Santa Barbara Channel is a major factor modifying the flow. Just southeast of Point Conception are three distinct layers: a shallow, cold layer near the surface with northwesterly winds associated with an abrupt decrease in MBL height from the north that thins eastward into the Santa Barbara Channel; a cool middle layer with easterly wind whose top slopes upward to the east; and the warm and dry free troposphere above.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-0644 , 1520-0493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00177.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observations of Large Wind Shear above the Marine Boundary Layer near Point Buchon, California
    American Meteorological Society ; 2016
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 73, No. 8 ( 2016-08-01), p. 3059-3077
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 73, No. 8 ( 2016-08-01), p. 3059-3077
    Abstract: Particularly strong winds along the coast of Southern California on 24 May 2012 were measured by the Wyoming King Air research aircraft during the Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (PreAMBLE). The fast flow is bounded laterally by the coastal topography and vertically by a pronounced temperature inversion separating the cool, moist air in the marine boundary layer (MBL) from the warm, dry air aloft. Many studies have investigated the response of this two-layer flow to changes in the coastline by invoking hydraulic theory, which explains the essential characteristics including changes in MBL depth and the attendant wind. Processes occurring just above the MBL are important to the low-level thermodynamic and kinematic structure. Observations on this day demonstrate how the large shear above the MBL can impact the lower atmosphere. A typical two-layer system was observed north of Point Buchon, which was supercritical. Around Point Buchon, the depth of the MBL decreased and wind increased, characteristic of an expansion fan. As a result, the Richardson number becomes reduced and favors shear instability that breaks down into turbulence. Observations indicate that a secondary well-mixed layer develops above the MBL that is bounded by narrow layers of high stability separating the secondary layer from the MBL below and the free troposphere above. It is hypothesized that the secondary layer develops as a result of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, although more targeted observations are needed to confirm or reject that hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-4928 , 1520-0469
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0363.1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218351-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025890-2
    SSG: 16,13
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    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Serum Urate Lowering With Allopurinol on Blood Pressure in Young Adults: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Arthritis & Rheumatology Vol. 73, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 1514-1522
    Details
    In: Arthritis & Rheumatology, Wiley, Vol. 73, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 1514-1522
    Abstract: To determine whether serum urate reduction with allopurinol lowers blood pressure (BP) in young adults and the mechanisms mediating this hypothesized effect. Methods We conducted a single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, crossover clinical trial. Adults ages 18–40 years with baseline systolic BP ≥120 and 〈 160 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 and 〈 100 mm Hg, and serum urate ≥5.0 mg/dl for men or ≥4.0 mg/dl for women were enrolled. Main exclusion criteria included chronic kidney disease, gout, or past use of urate‐lowering therapies. Participants received oral allopurinol (300 mg daily) or placebo for 1 month followed by a 2–4 week washout and then were crossed over. Study outcome measures were change in systolic BP from baseline, endothelial function estimated as flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Adverse events were assessed. Results Ninety‐nine participants were randomized, and 82 completed all visits. The mean ± SD age was 28.0 ± 7.0 years, 62.6% were men, and 40.4% were African American. In the primary intent‐to‐treat analysis, systolic BP did not change during the allopurinol treatment phase (mean ± SEM −1.39 ± 1.16 mm Hg) or placebo treatment phase (−1.06 ± 1.08 mm Hg). FMD increased during allopurinol treatment periods compared to placebo treatment periods (mean ± SEM 2.5 ± 0.55% versus −0.1 ± 0.42%; P 〈 0.001). There were no changes in hsCRP level and no serious adverse events. Conclusion Our findings indicate that urate‐lowering therapy with allopurinol does not lower systolic BP or hsCRP level in young adults when compared with placebo, despite improvements in FMD. These findings do not support urate lowering as a treatment for hypertension in young adults.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2326-5191 , 2326-5205
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/art.v73.8
    DOI: 10.1002/art.41749
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    RVK:
    XA 30325
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2754614-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Atmospheric Hydraulic Jump in the Santa Barbara Channel
    American Meteorological Society ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 56, No. 11 ( 2017-11), p. 2981-2998
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 56, No. 11 ( 2017-11), p. 2981-2998
    Abstract: As part of the Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment, the University of Wyoming King Air sampled an atmospheric environment conducive to the formation of a hydraulic jump on 24 May 2012 off the coast of California. Strong, northwesterly flow rounded the Point Arguello–Point Conception complex and encountered the remnants of an eddy circulation in the Santa Barbara Channel. The aircraft flew an east–west vertical sawtooth pattern that captured a sharp thinning of the marine boundary layer and the downstream development of a hydraulic jump. In situ observations show a dramatic rise in isentropes and a coincident sudden decrease in wind speeds. Imagery from the Wyoming Cloud Lidar clearly depicts the jump feature via copolarization and depolarization returns. Estimations of MBL depth are used to calculate the upstream Froude number from hydraulic theory. Simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model produced results in agreement with the observations. The innermost domain uses a 900-m horizontal grid spacing and encompasses the transition from supercritical to subcritical flow south of Point Conception. Upstream Froude number estimations from the model compare well to observations. A strongly divergent wind field, consistent with expansion fan dynamics, is present upwind of the hydraulic jump. The model accurately resolves details of the marine boundary layer collapse into the jump. Results from large-eddy simulations show a large increase in the turbulent kinetic energy field coincident with the hydraulic jump.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0396.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227779-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Synthesis of Observations from the Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (PreAMBLE)
    American Meteorological Society ; 2017
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 145, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01), p. 2325-2342
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 145, No. 6 ( 2017-06-01), p. 2325-2342
    Abstract: Research flights during the Precision Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Experiment (PreAMBLE) in Southern California during May–June 2012 focused on three main features found in the nearshore marine boundary layer (MBL): the coastal jet (10 flights), the Catalina eddy (3 flights), and the initiation of a southerly surge (1 flight). Several topics were examined with case studies, but results from individual events may not represent typical conditions. Although these flights do not constitute a long-term set of data, observations from PreAMBLE are used to find common features. Two main topics are addressed: the MBL collapse into the expansion fan, and the subsequent transition into the Santa Barbara Channel (SBC). The midmorning to late afternoon flights occur during moderate to strong northerly wind. Slope of the MBL in the expansion fan varies and wave perturbations can be embedded within the expansion fan. As the cool MBL flow turns into the SBC, it moves underneath a deeper and warmer MBL that originates from the southeast over the warmer ocean. The temperature inversion between the cool and warm MBL erodes toward the east until there is only the inversion between the warm MBL and free troposphere. The dissipation of the lower layer into the SBC observed by the aircraft differs from previous conceptual models that depict a continuous MBL that thins and then deepens again in the SBC, which was inferred from sparse observations and numerical simulations. Only one flight within the SBC detected a hydraulic jump from 100 to 200 m above the surface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-0644 , 1520-0493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0373.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aircraft Observations of a Coastally Trapped Wind Reversal off the California Coast
    American Meteorological Society ; 2008
    In:  Monthly Weather Review Vol. 136, No. 2 ( 2008-02-01), p. 644-662
    Details
    In: Monthly Weather Review, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 136, No. 2 ( 2008-02-01), p. 644-662
    Abstract: The summertime marine atmospheric boundary layer off the California coast is normally characterized by northerly winds associated with the Pacific high. This pattern is occasionally disturbed by episodes of southerly winds and a finger of fog or low stratus adjacent to the coastline extending approximately 100 km offshore. These events propagate northward along the coast with speeds between 5 and 12 m s−1 and have a life span of several days. These occurrences have been referred to as coastally trapped wind reversals (CTWRs), coastally trapped disturbances, or southerly surges. The CTWR event of 22–25 June 2006 was explored by the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft to document the physical characteristics of the wind reversal in an attempt to infer the forcing mechanisms responsible for the propagation. Two flights from 23 June are presented that are representative of the CTWR during its mature stage. Sawtooth maneuvers depict the CTWR vertical structure, and isobaric legs directly measure the horizontal pressure gradient force (PGF). Observations showed a thickening of the CTWR layer in an alongshore direction to the south. The inversion layer varies throughout the day with the final sawtooth leg depicting clear dynamic destabilization within the inversion layer. A PGF is present at the head of the CTWR that is directed northward. No significant PGF was detected in the cross-shore direction, suggesting that for this case there is little variation in the depth of the marine boundary layer normal to the coast.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1520-0493 , 0027-0644
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/2007MWR2199.1
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033056-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 202616-8
    SSG: 14
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The effects of urate lowering therapy on inflammation, endothelial function, and blood pressure (SURPHER) study design and rationale
    Elsevier BV ; 2016
    In:  Contemporary Clinical Trials Vol. 50 ( 2016-09), p. 238-244
    Details
    In: Contemporary Clinical Trials, Elsevier BV, Vol. 50 ( 2016-09), p. 238-244
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1551-7144
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.08.016
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2176813-4
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