In:
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Abstract:
The kinetics of physiological responses to exercise have traditionally been characterized by estimating exponential equation parameters using iterative best-fit techniques of heart rate (HR) and gas exchange [respiratory rate, RR; oxygen uptake, ; carbon dioxide output, ; and ventilation, V̇E]. In this study, we present a novel approach to characterizing the maturation of physiological responses to exercise in children by accounting for response uncertainty and variability. Methods Thirty-seven early-pubertal (17 females, 20 males) and 44 late-pubertal (25 females, 19 males) participants performed three multiple brief exercise bouts (MBEB). MBEB consisted of ten 2-min bouts of cycle ergometry at constant work rate interspersed by 1-min rest. Exercise intensity was categorized as low, moderate, or high, corresponding to 40%, 60%, and 80% of peak work rate, and performed in random order on three separate days. We evaluated sample entropy (SampEn), approximate entropy, de-trended fluctuation analysis, and average absolute local variability (AALV) of HR and gas exchange. Results SampEn of HR and gas exchange responses to MBEB was greater in early- compared to late-pubertal participants (e.g., V̇O2 early-pubertal 1.70 ± 0.023 versus late-pubertal 1.41 ± 0.027, p = 2.97 × 10 −14 ), and decreased as MBEB intensity increased [e.g., HR for low-intensity: 0.37 ± 0.01 compared to 0.21 ± 0.014 for high intensity, p = 3.56 × 10 −17 ]. Females tended to have higher SampEn than males (e.g., V̇O 2 for females: 1.61 ± 0.025 versus 1.46 ± 0.031 for males, p = 1.28 × 10 −4 ). AALV was higher in younger participants for both gas exchange and HR (e.g., early-pubertal V̇O 2 : 17.48 ± 0.56% versus 10.24 ± 0.34% late-pubertal, p = 1.18 × 10 −21 ). Conclusions The greater entropy in signal response to a known, quantifiable exercise perturbation in the younger children might represent maturation-dependent, enhanced competition among physiological controlling mechanisms that originate at the autonomic, subconscious, and cognitive levels.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1530-0315
,
0195-9131
DOI:
10.1249/MSS.0000000000003296
Language:
English
Publisher:
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2031167-9
SSG:
31
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