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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Colonial War: When the Years Rekindle the Suffering—A Pilot Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Reports Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2021-04-28), p. 10-
    Details
    In: Reports, MDPI AG, Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 2021-04-28), p. 10-
    Abstract: For more than 150 years, traumatic stress has been a recurrent topic of medical and psychological studies, in which war-related experiences remain to be addressed. Although veterans have been considered a high-risk group for the development of stress-related diseases, the impact of aging on the trauma process is an unexplored field. This study aimed to analyze the aging-related factors that may influence the emergence of traumatic stress symptoms in war veterans. The clinical data of 29 Colonial War Portuguese veterans were verified in order to identify the main diagnoses, and the frequency of health service use. Through thematic analysis of the transcripts of 10 interviews with veterans diagnosed with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), the main symptoms and factors that led them to mental health services were identified. In addition, a literature review on mental health and psychological trauma was conducted to provide an overview of the knowledge on this topic. Aging seems to be an opportunity to face conflicts which have been kept hidden throughout veterans’ lives. Social stigmatization and the non-recognition of traumatic stress as a disease influenced the Portuguese veterans’ silence, which could be broken with the aging process. Retirement, physical illness, death of close friends or family members, and loss of autonomy may contribute to the onset of trauma-related symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2571-841X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/reports4020010
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2963537-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Psychometric Properties of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-100) in Portugal
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2009
    In:  International Journal of Behavioral Medicine Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2009-6), p. 116-124
    Details
    In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2009-6), p. 116-124
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-5503 , 1532-7558
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12529-008-9024-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027575-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Posttraumatic Stress and Somatic Symptoms in Firefighters: A Mediation Analysis of the Impact of Potentially Traumatic Events
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Societies Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2023-09-08), p. 206-
    Details
    In: Societies, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2023-09-08), p. 206-
    Abstract: Firefighters are considered a high-risk group for developing stress-related psychopathologies, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), due to repeated exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTE). Studies have indicated that PTE is also associated with the development of Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD). However, the occurrence of this condition among firefighters is an underexplored topic. This study aimed to assess the relationships between PTE and PTSD symptoms, and the relationship between PTE and SSD symptoms. Furthermore, we aimed to assess the role of SSD in the relationship between PTE and PTSD within Portuguese firefighters who battled the 2017 violent forest fires. To this end, a sample of 116 firefighters (75% male) completed self-report measures of posttraumatic symptoms, somatic symptoms, and other psychopathological symptoms. Contrary to several literature, in the present study, neither PTSD nor SSD symptoms seem to be correlated with any sociodemographic characteristics. However, the exposure to PTE is positively correlated with both PTSD and SSD symptoms. Furthermore, SSD seems to act as a mediator in the relationship between PTE and PTSD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4698
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/soc13090206
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662256-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Relational Model for Stress: A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors for Stress-Related Diseases in Firefighters
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Psych Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-02-28), p. 74-84
    Details
    In: Psych, MDPI AG, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2020-02-28), p. 74-84
    Abstract: Firefighters are considered a high-risk group for the development of PTSD and other stress-related diseases. More than the exposure to potentially traumatic events, personal and occupational characteristics have been pointed out as interfering in the perception of stress, which may lead to the emergence of mental and physical symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the main factors that contribute to stress-related diseases in firefighters. A systematic review was conducted in order to identify original articles focusing on risk and protective factors for stress in this population. Personality traits, training, experience in extreme situations and social and organizational support influence the perception of stress and, consequently, the choice of coping strategies, which may protect against or potentiate the stress reactions. The findings of this study allow us to draw a relational model that represents the dynamics among the factors related to stress in firefighters. The development of PTSD and other stress-related diseases depends on a host of pre-trauma and post-trauma factors and, although training is an important protective factor, being prepared to face extreme situations does not mean being immune to traumatic stress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2624-8611
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/psych2010008
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2962864-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    relationship between specific psychiatric disorders and type of crimes committed in a forensic psychiatry population
    Associacao Brasileira de Psiquiatria ; 2022
    In:  Debates em Psiquiatria Vol. 12 ( 2022-12-24), p. 1-26
    Details
    In: Debates em Psiquiatria, Associacao Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Vol. 12 ( 2022-12-24), p. 1-26
    Abstract: Introduction: The association between criminality and psychiatric disorders has been extensively studied. The most recent studies show that this appears to exist only in acute stages of the disorder. Adverse childhood events are also a risk factor in violent and antisocial behaviors. Methods/Objectives: A retrospective exploratory study was designed, including 91 men and 19 women admitted in the Forensic Ward of Coimbra Hospital and University Center between January 2018 and august 2021 to evaluate the association between psychiatric diagnosis and crime committed. Gender differences and adverse childhood events were also evaluated. Results: Although psychotic disorders were the most common in both groups, mood disorders were significantly more common in women. 39 patients had comorbidity with substance abuse which was associated with a greater prevalence of criminal history and childhood adverse events, but also with a lesser prevalence of violent crimes and homicide. The victims of the crimes committed were mainly from the patient’s nuclear family, with a low prevalence of crimes committed against strangers. The sample patients also reported more adverse childhood events than the general population. Discussion: There were no significant differences in the type of crime considering the psychiatric diagnosis, but comorbidity with substance abuse was associated with greater criminality, but with less violent crimes. There was a greater prevalence of crimes committed against the nuclear family, and particularly against offspring in women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2763-9037 , 2236-918X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.25118/2763-9037.2022.v12.405
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Associacao Brasileira de Psiquiatria
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3140523-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic Psychotherapy as a PTSD Treatment for Firefighters: A Case Study
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2022-03-14), p. 530-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2022-03-14), p. 530-
    Abstract: In Portugal, forest fires are responsible for disasters that tend to be repeated annually, leading to dramatic consequences, such as those that have occurred in 2017, with the destruction of hundreds of houses and the deaths of dozens of people. Firefighters who are exposed to these potentially traumatic events are considered a high-risk group for the development of stress-related disorders. The aim of this study was to monitor the progress of two firefighters with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treated through dynamic psychotherapy (DP) and to assess the feasibility of implementing this intervention within fire departments. A female firefighter and a male firefighter, with similar sociodemographic characteristics and PTSD symptom severity, were selected to verify the treatment applicability for both genders. The symptomatology changes were assessed through a set of instruments (PHQ-15, PCL-5, BSI, DASS, and CALPAS-P) applied every three months over 15 months (including pre-treatment, treatment period, and post-treatment). DP seemed to be an effective treatment for PTSD symptoms, with patients showing a state of increasing improvement even after the end of treatment. The acceptability to firefighters, the treatment adherence, the therapeutic alliance, and the reduction in PTSD symptoms suggest feasibility for implementing this intervention inside the Portuguese fire departments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030530
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psychopathology and Somatic Complaints: A Cross-Sectional Study with Portuguese Adults
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Healthcare Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2021-04-17), p. 478-
    Details
    In: Healthcare, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 4 ( 2021-04-17), p. 478-
    Abstract: (1) Background: Functional somatic symptoms (FSS) are physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by medical diagnosis, injuries, and medication intake. More than the presence of unexplained symptoms, this condition is associated with functional disabilities, psychological distress, increased use of health services, and it has been linked to depressive and anxiety disorders. Recognizing the difficulty of diagnosing individuals with FSS and the impact on public health systems, this study aimed to verify the concomitant incidence of psychopathological symptoms and FSS in Portugal. (2) Methods: For this purpose, 93 psychosomatic outpatients (91.4% women with a mean age of 53.9 years old) and 101 subjects from the general population (74.3% women with 37.8 years old) were evaluated. The survey questionnaire included the 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire, the 20-Item Short Form Survey, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and questions on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. (3) Results: Increases in FSS severity were correlated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The findings also suggest that increased rates of FSS are associated with lower educational level and female gender. (4) Conclusion: Being aware of the relationship between FSS and psychopathological symptoms and the need to explore psychosocial issues during clinical interviews may favor early detection of these cases. The early detection of mental disorders is essential for individuals’ adherence to treatments, reflecting on healthcare costs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9032
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040478
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2721009-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic Psychotherapy: The Therapeutic Process in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Behavioral Sciences Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2019-12-05), p. 141-
    Details
    In: Behavioral Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 9, No. 12 ( 2019-12-05), p. 141-
    Abstract: Dynamic Psychotherapy (DP) was developed to overcome the limitations of traditional psychoanalysis, responding to a broader demand of patients who seek help to cope with specific problems in the short term, such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). OCD is a chronic disabling mental disorder that leads to substantial distress, functional disability and severe occupational and social impairments. Recognizing the literature gap in this field, and the improvements reported by dynamic therapists who have dealt with patients suffering from OCD, a study on the treatment of these patients was conducted in order to discuss the effects of this technique. The method involved a narrative literature review and the analysis of two clinical cases to discuss therapeutic processes, which include the specificities of OCD patients and the mechanisms adopted in the treatment through DP. The therapist’s active stance seemed to be essential to encourage the patient to face feared situations and identify the core conflict. Both patients who were treated through DP presented similarities, such as high anxiety, feelings of guilt and inhibition of aggressive and sexual impulses. Through emotional exploration, confrontation of defensive functioning and interpretative interventions of inner conflicts, patients had reached awareness of their hidden feelings and experiences, and their symptoms and feelings of guilt decreased. They also showed significant improvements in their interpersonal relationships. Although both treatments do not fit into short-term therapies, this technique has led to long-term results, providing evidence that DP may produce favorable outcomes in the treatment of OCD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-328X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/bs9120141
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651997-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psicoterapia Assistida por MDMA: um Novo Paradigma no Tratamento da Perturbação de Stress Pós‐Traumático Resistente?
    Sociedade Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saude Mental ; 2022
    In:  Revista Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2022-11-27), p. 141-147
    Details
    In: Revista Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Sociedade Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saude Mental, Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2022-11-27), p. 141-147
    Abstract: A perturbação de stress pós‐traumático (PSPT) é uma doença psiquiátrica comum, geralmente crónica, com severas implicações na qualidade de vida da pessoa afetada e da sua família, e que tem vindo a apresentar um crescente reconhecimento enquanto problema de Saúde Pública. Nas últimas duas décadas, estudos clínicos com 3,4‐metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA) têm vindo a demonstrar o seu papel promissor enquanto potencializador psicoterapêutico em doentes com PSPT, tendo a psicoterapia assistida por MDMA inclusivamente recebido em 2017 a designação de breakthrough therapy. Estes estudos têm vindo a ser replicados em vários locais do mundo, segundo estritos protocolos, estando atualmente asua aprovação para uso clínico prevista para 2023. Em maio de 2021, foram publicados os primeiros resultados de estudos de fase III, nos quais os participantes que receberam psicoterapia assistida por MDMA experienciaram uma redução significativa e duradoura nos sintomas de PSPT. Os efeitos pró‐sociais e interpessoais agudos do MDMA têm demonstrado melhorar significativamente a qualidade da aliança terapêutica, potenciando a adesão ao tratamento da PSPT e o seu outcome. Os clínicos sugerem que o MDMA pode catalisar o processamento terapêutico, permitindo que os pacientes permaneçam emocionalmente envolvidos enquanto revisitam experiências traumáticas sem se tornarem oprimidos.Tendo em conta a prevalência da PSPT e as limitações encontradas com os tratamentos atualmente disponíveis, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura com o objetivo de examinar a utilização da psicoterapia assistida por MDMA na perturbação de stress pós‐traumático, apresentando uma contextualização histórica desta molécula, os seus potenciais efeitos nos diferentes sintomas desta patologia e identificando áreas prioritárias para intervenção e investigações futuras.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2184-5417 , 2184-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51338/rppsm.327
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sociedade Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saude Mental
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3092160-0
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Controversies on Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies : Is Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Effective for the Treatment of PTSD?
    Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicanalise ; 2022
    In:  Revista Portuguesa de Psicanálise Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2022-08-06), p. 58-64
    Details
    In: Revista Portuguesa de Psicanálise, Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicanalise, Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2022-08-06), p. 58-64
    Abstract: Psychoanalysis is indispensable when writing and discussing traumatic stress, but in the treatment of these conditions it is ultimately disregarded. Since they are considered long-term treatments, therapies derived from psychoanalysis, such as Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (PDT), are not the first choice in health centers and clinics, which may be also a reflection of a scarcity of publications on its effectiveness.  Through a literature review, focused on the effect size of PDT in the treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), we have confirmed this scarcity. However, in the few studies conducted on this topic, findings have shown similarities between PDT and other therapies in reducing PTSD symptoms, both in post-therapy and follow-up assessments. The time of psychoanalytic psychotherapies is often pointed out as an obstacle, although studies have indicated that patients treated through these techniques present a continuous state of improvement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2184-0016 , 0873-9129
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51356/rpp.421a5
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicanalise
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3059683-X
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