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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EFFECTS OF NOISE STRESS ON THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE IN ADULT RATS
    Army Medical College ; 2021
    In:  PAFMJ Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2021-08-25), p. 1157-60
    Details
    In: PAFMJ, Army Medical College, Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2021-08-25), p. 1157-60
    Abstract: Objective: To determine the effect of noise stress on Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in adult rats. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from Jan to Dec 2020. Methodology: A total of 30 adult Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into three groups as ten rats/group. Group A served as the control group, rats in group B were exposed to 100 dB noise for continuous 4 hours/day for four months, and the rats in group C were exposed to 100 dB noise for continuous 6 hours/day for four months. At the end of the study, serum samples were collected from the rats’ tail veins. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were compared among the groups. Results: At the start of the study, mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone level of control group A rats was 0.34 ± 0.15 µIU/ml. Mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone level of experimental groups B and C rats at the start of the study was 0.46 ± 0.18 µIU/ml and 0.41 ± 0.14 µIU/ml, respectively Mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone of rats did not differ statistically significantly between the group p=0.26, By the end of study mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone level of control group. A rats was 0.6 ± 0.2 µIU/ml. Mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels of experimental groups B and C rats at the end of the study were 1.32 ± 0.35 µIU/ml and 1.86 ± 0.67 µIU/ml, respectively.......
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-8842 , 0030-9648
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i4.6877
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Army Medical College
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2923742-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prolotherapy Improves Anatomical and Clinical Outcomes in Monosodium Iodoacetate Induced Model of Osteoarthritis
    Army Medical College ; 2022
    In:  Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal Vol. 72, No. 3 ( 2022-06-26), p. 904-07
    Details
    In: Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Army Medical College, Vol. 72, No. 3 ( 2022-06-26), p. 904-07
    Abstract: Objective: To assess the ameliorative effects of Prolotherapy on the pain score of the gait cycle in Monosodium Iodoacetate (MIA) induced osteoarthritis in the rat knee joint. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad and Pathology Lab Pak Emirates Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Aug to Nov 2021. Methodology: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 in each group). The control group was Group-A. To induce osteoarthritic changes in Group-B, a single dose of 1mg Monosodium Iodoacetate was injected intra-articularly into the right knee. Group-C received a single dose of 1mg Monosodium Iodoacetate injection in the right knee intra articularly to induce osteoarthritic changes, and was followed by 0.1ml Prolotherapy (3ml of 25% dextrose, 2ml of 2% Xylocaine, 1ml of injection thiamine, and 1ml of injection Methylcobalamin) at 2, 6 and 10 weeks intra articularly into the right knee joint.  Before euthanasia, Pain scoring schemes for gait in rats of all groups were done at 0, 2 and 14 weeks. Results: The present study concluded that prolotherapy improved the gait cycle pain score in experimental group C (p-value 0.001 on the intergroup comparison at two weeks and 14 weeks while p-value 0.001 when compared pain score within the Group C at 0, 2 and 14 weeks). Conclusion: Prolotherapy had ameliorative effects on the pain score of the gait cycle in experimental Group C on Monosodium Iodoacetate......
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-8842 , 0030-9648
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72i3.8631
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Army Medical College
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2923742-7
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  • 3
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    “Outcomes of COVID-19 infection in patients with hematological malignancies- A multicenter analysis from Pakistan”
    Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2022
    In:  PLOS ONE Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2022-4-21), p. e0267139-
    Details
    In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2022-4-21), p. e0267139-
    Abstract: COVID-19 infection resulting from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began to spread across the globe in early 2020. Patients with hematologic malignancies are supposed to have an increased risk of mortality from coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection. From Pakistan, we report the analysis of the outcome and interaction between patient demographics and tumor subtype and COVID-19 infection and hematological malignancy. Patients and methods This multicenter, retrospective study included adult patients with a history of histologically proven hematological malignancies who were tested positive for COVID-19 via PCR presented at the oncology department of 5 tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan from February to August 2020. A patient with any known hematological malignancy who was positive for COVID-19 on RT-PCR, was included in the study. Chi-square test and Cox-regression hazard regression model was applied considering p ≤ 0.05 significant. Results A total of 107 patients with hematological malignancies were diagnosed with COVID-19, out of which 82 (76.64%) were alive, and 25 (23.36%) were dead. The significant hematological malignancy was B-cell Lymphoma in dead 4 (16.00%) and alive group 21 (25.61%), respectively. The majority of the patients in both the dead and alive group were on active treatment for hematological malignancy while they came positive for COVID-19 [21 (84.00%) & 48 (58.54%) p 0.020]. All patients in the dead group were admit ted to the hospital 25 (100.00%), and among these, 14 (56.00%) were admitted in ICU with a median 11 (6–16.5) number of days. Among those who had contact exposure, the hazard of survival or death in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 positive was 2.18 (CI: 1.90–4.44) times and 3.10 (CI: 2.73–4.60) times in patients with travel history compared to no exposure history (p 0.001). Conclusion Taken together, this data supports the emerging consensus that patients with hematologic malignancies experience significant morbidity and mortality resulting from COVID-19 infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1932-6203
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267139
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267139.g001
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267139.t001
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    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267139.r006
    Language: English
    Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3
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  • 4
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    Higher stress scores for female medical students measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) in Pakistan
    Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions Vol. 11 ( 2014-10-09), p. 27-
    Details
    In: Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute, Vol. 11 ( 2014-10-09), p. 27-
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the stress level of medical students and the relationship between stress and academic year. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at an undergraduate medical school with a five-year curriculum, in Pakistan, from January 2014 to April 2014. Medical students in the first four years were included in the study. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), a self-administered questionnaire, was distributed to the students. A total of 445 medical students completed the questionnaire. The average stress score was 19.61 (SD = 6.76) with a range from 10 to 43. Stress was experienced by 169 students (41.7%). The scores of female students were higher than scores of males, indicating a higher stress level (P = 0.011). The relationship between stress and academic year was insignificant (P = 0.392).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1975-5937
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3352/jeehp.2014.11.27
    Language: English
    Publisher: Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2586380-0
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Frequency of HIV among patients seeking antenatal care at a tertiary care hospital, Karachi
    Pakistan Medical Association ; 2022
    In:  Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ( 2022-01-18)
    Details
    In: Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Pakistan Medical Association, ( 2022-01-18)
    Abstract: Objective: To determine the frequency of human immunodeficiency virus among pregnant women reporting for antenatal care at a tertiary care hospital. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Unit-1 of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from August 2018 to January 2019, and comprised all women attending antenatal clinics aged 15-40 years having gestational age of at least 10 weeks confirmed by trans-vaginal/trans-abdominal scan. Data was collected using a predesigned questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: There were 642 pregnant women with a mean age of 25.80±4.91 years, and mean gestational age of 24.34±5.38 weeks. Of the total, 5(0.7%) subjects had family history of human immunodeficiency virus and 1(0.2%) had a positive result for the virus. There was significant association of human immunodeficiency virus with family history of the disease (p=0.001) and with history of drug abuse (p=0.003) Conclusion: Screening of human immunodeficiency virus during the antenatal period is a useful tool for better management. Key Words: HIV, Pregnancy, Prevalence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0030-9982
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.1816
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Pakistan Medical Association
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 603873-6
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  • 6
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    Process Evaluation of introducing Online Faculty Evaluation by Residents at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
    Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2018-03), p. 16-21
    Details
    In: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing, Vol. 52, No. 1 ( 2018-03), p. 16-21
    Abstract: Faculty evaluation by resident physicians is uncommon in postgraduate medical education. This study is designed to conduct process evaluation of an online faculty evaluation by postgraduate residents at Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and methods Action research design was utilized, and qualitative assessments were conducted between April and May 2013 at a private tertiary care hospital in the city of Karachi, Pakistan. Data were collected from the pediatric faculty and residents through focus group discussions (FGDs). The transcribed data were analyzed using computer software QSR NVivo version 10.0, and themes and subthemes were drawn. Results A total of five FGDs were conducted, three with faculty members and two with residents. The participants agreed that faculty evaluation is a critical element of the residency program, as it not only facilitates in identifying areas of improvement, but also contributes toward faculty's professional growth. However, ambiguity about the purpose of evaluation, lack of understanding of the components of the online evaluation form, and problems with rating scale and review process were reported. A large majority of participants recommended arranging motivation sessions for faculty and residents, ensuring privacy of rating by residents, modifying the rating scale and analysis, and defining the process of reviewing and sharing the feedback with faculties. Conclusion Process evaluation was an important exercise and it helped to understand and improve the online faculty evaluation in the pediatric residency program. How to cite this article Humayun KN, Qamar FN, Saeed S, Memon F, Khowaja AR. Process Evaluation of introducing Online Faculty Evaluation by Residents at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2018;52(1):16-21.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2277-8969 , 2278-0262
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1268
    Language: English
    Publisher: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 7
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    Ultrasound- and heat-assisted extraction of glycyrrhizin from licorice by two glycerol-based DESs - Modeling and optimization as per response surface methodology
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy Vol. 31 ( 2023-04), p. 100910-
    Details
    In: Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, Elsevier BV, Vol. 31 ( 2023-04), p. 100910-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2352-5541
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2022.100910
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2837534-8
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  • 8
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    Teaching anatomy using OMP in combination with spotting: Re-Shaping the subject.
    Independent Medical Trust ; 2020
    In:  The Professional Medical Journal Vol. 27, No. 04 ( 2020-04-10), p. 730-736
    Details
    In: The Professional Medical Journal, Independent Medical Trust, Vol. 27, No. 04 ( 2020-04-10), p. 730-736
    Abstract: Objectives: The study determines the possible advantages of using the OMP in the gross anatomy laboratory. It focuses on using teaching strategies which focus on the application of knowledge, rather than mere structure identification. The in cooperation of OMP in gross anatomy teaching along with structure identification is the main focus of this study. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial (the spotting methodology & OMP were themselves and intervention for to groups). Setting: Department of Anatomy Islam Medical College, Sialkot. Period: January 2018 to June 2018. Material & Methods: 100 First year students of Islam Medical College were involved in the study. Two groups of 50 students each were made. Group 1 was exposed to the methodology of spotting. Students of group 2 were taught with One Minute Preceptor Model, but were allowed to do spotting/ structure identification themselves. Both groups were exposed to the same practical exam at the end of the course. Means of achieved marks and numbers of failures and passes were compared. All Statistical tests were applied using SPSS Version 20. Students were also asked to fill a questionnaire to find out students perception regarding the superiority of one teaching tool over the other. Results: The post hoc analysis of the result was done. The means of overall collective marks obtained by students of group I were insignificant when compared with the same of group II. Comparison of students on the basis of the passing status, carried out using Chi Square test also showed insignificant difference. On the other hand, from the questionnaires it was observed that active knowledge construction was more with OMP tool as compared to spotting. Understanding level was superior with OMP. Preparation for clinical teaching was also better with a combination of both as compared to spotting only and OMP. Conclusions: The one minute preceptor (OMP) is a time efficient teaching technique for learner centered training. It is a technique which can help the anatomy teachers to convert structure identification questions into active learning opportunities for learners. Teaching Anatomy using OMP in combination with spotting is a better tool in reshaping the subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-7733 , 1024-8919
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.29309/TPMJ/2020.27.04.3460
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Independent Medical Trust
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 9
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    COMBINING THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS
    Army Medical College ; 2021
    In:  Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal Vol. 71, No. 1 ( 2021-02-23), p. 1-2
    Details
    In: Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Army Medical College, Vol. 71, No. 1 ( 2021-02-23), p. 1-2
    Abstract: Panacea erupted by COVID-19 outbreak has transformed our personal and political perspectives, on priorities and mode of lives, around the world. On March 11, 2020, WHO declaring it as a pandemic followed by nation wide smart lockdown and implementation of social distancing, has remodeled our sociocultural and academic norms.To our interest, it has encouraged medical colleges of our country to take a giant leap from a traditional face-to-face instruction to online learning. Though sudden, massive, and unplanned transition it might be, this not only changed mode of curricular delivery, but uncovered opportunity of grooming ourselves to Millennial expectations. Initially, our digital recluse faculty had to learn basics of computer to become digital refugees. Later, they successfully adapted themselves as digital immigrants to teach a digital native generation!
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-8842 , 0030-9648
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i1.6351
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Army Medical College
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    IRON DEPOSITION IN THE GROWTH PLATE OF LONG BONES OF THE OFFSPRING WHEN GIVEN DURING PREGNANCY IN RAT MODEL
    Army Medical College ; 2021
    In:  PAFMJ Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2021-08-26), p. 1223-26
    Details
    In: PAFMJ, Army Medical College, Vol. 71, No. 4 ( 2021-08-26), p. 1223-26
    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate histologically the deposition of iron in the epiphyseal cartilage of offspring’s of dams given iron supplementation during pregnancy and lactation in rat model. Study Design: Laboratory based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health (NIH) Islamabad, from Mar to Nov 2016. Methodology: In this study, 16 female and 4 male adult rats were chosen for breading. After confirmation of pregnancy, pregnant rats were separated in two groups. One group was given oral iron supplementation for four weeks till delivery and half of the pups fed by mothers who were given iron during lactation. The other group was kept on normal lab diet. Deposition of iron in the epiphyseal cartilage of newborn rats after four weeks was evaluated histologically in pups. Results: Iron deposition was maximum in group C i.e. 1.30 ± 0.48; in group B it was 0.20 ± 0.44. Statistically significant iron deposition (p 〈 0.001) was observed in the growth plate of off springs when mothers were given iron supplements during pregnancy and lactation. Conclusion: Present study proves that injudicious iron supplementation through pregnancy results in deposition of iron in epiphyseal growth plate of the fetus and it can have damaging effects on bones of fetus.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2411-8842 , 0030-9648
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i4.4103
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Army Medical College
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2923742-7
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