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  • 1
    In: Journal of Environmental Management, Elsevier BV, Vol. 265 ( 2020-07), p. 110288-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0301-4797
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
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    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2020-09-30), p. 2840-2849
    In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Wiley, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2020-09-30), p. 2840-2849
    Abstract: The role of spawning salmonids in altering river bed morphology and sediment transport is significant, yet poorly understood. This is due, in large part, to limitations in monitoring the redd‐building process in a continuous and spatially extended way. A complementary approach may be provided through the use of a small seismic sensor network analysing the ground motion signals generated by the agitation of sediment during the redd‐building process. We successfully tested the viability of this approach by detecting and locating artificially generated redd signals in a reach of the Mashel River, Washington State, USA. We then utilize records of 17 seismic stations, in which we automatically detected seismic events that were subsequently manually checked, yielding a catalogue of 45 potential redd‐building events. Such redd‐building events typically lasted between 1 and 20 min and consisted of a series of clusters of 50–100 short energetic pulses in the 20–60 Hz frequency range. The majority ( 〉 90%) of these redd‐building events occurred within 11 days, predominantly during the early morning and late afternoon. The seismically derived locations of the signals were in agreement with independently mapped redds. Improved network geometry and installation conditions are required for more efficient detection, robust location and improved energetic insights into redd‐building processes in larger reaches. The passive and continuous nature of the seismic approach in detecting redds and describing fish behaviour provides a novel tool for fish biologists and fisheries managers, but also for fluvial geomorphologists, interested in quantifying the amount of sediment mobilized by this ecosystem engineer. When complemented with classic approaches, it could allow for a more holistic picture of the kinetics and temporal patterns (at scales from seconds to multiple seasons) of a key phase of salmonid life cycles. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0197-9337 , 1096-9837
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479188-2
    SSG: 14
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  WIREs Water Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-03)
    In: WIREs Water, Wiley, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2018-03)
    Abstract: Ecosystem engineers substantially alter physical flow characteristics and shape a river's form and function. Because the recurrence interval of geomorphic processes and disturbances in rivers commonly match the temporal scale of plants’ life cycles or alterations by animals, the resulting feedbacks are an important component of rivers. In this review, we focus on biota that directly or indirectly induce a physical change in rivers and cause positive feedbacks on the functioning of that organism. We provide an overview of how various ecosystem engineers affect rivers at different temporal and spatial scales and plot them on a conceptual gradient of river types. Various plants engineer the river environment through stabilizing sediment and reducing flow velocities, including macrophytes, woody plants, and algal mats and biofilms. Among animals that engineer, beaver that build dams cause substantial changes to river dynamics. In addition, benthic macroinvertebrates and mussels can stabilize sediment and reduce velocities, and aquatic and riparian grazers modulate the effect of plants. Humans are also considered river ecosystem engineers. Most of the ecosystem engineers reported in literature occur in rivers with low to intermediate relative stability, intermediate channel widths, and small to intermediate grain sizes. Ecosystem engineers that create positive biogeomorphic feedbacks are important to take into account when managing river systems, as many common invasive species are successful due to their engineering capabilities. River restoration can use ecosystem engineers to spur holistic recovery. Future research points towards examining ecosystem engineers on longer spatial and temporal scales and understanding the co‐evolution of organisms and landforms through engineering. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1271. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1271 This article is categorized under: Water and Life 〉 Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems Water and Life 〉 Conservation, Management, and Awareness
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2049-1948 , 2049-1948
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2751191-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2014-07), p. 1245-1258
    In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2014-07), p. 1245-1258
    Abstract: The important role of vegetation in adding cohesion and stabilizing streambanks has been widely recognized in several aspects of fluvial geomorphology, including stream restoration and studies of long‐term channel change. Changes in planform between braided, meandering, and anabranching forms have been attributed to the impacts of vegetation on hydraulic roughness and bank stability. However, these studies focus either on flume studies where analog vegetation is used, or case studies featuring one species, which is commonly invasive. We present functional differences of bank‐stabilizing root characteristics and added cohesion, with vegetation categorized as woody and non‐woody and by the vegetation groups of trees, shrubs, graminoids, and forbs. We analyzed root morphology and tensile strength of 14 species common to riparian areas in the southern Rocky Mountains, in field sites along streambanks in the montane and subalpine zones of the Colorado Front Range. Using the vegetation root component (RipRoot) of a physically‐based bank stability model (BSTEM), we estimated the added cohesion for various sediment textures with the addition of each of the 14 species. Significant differences exist between woody and non‐woody vegetation and between the four vegetation categories with respect to the coefficient of the root tensile strength curve, lateral root extent, and maximum root diameter. Woody vegetation (trees and shrubs) have higher values of all three parameters than non‐woody species. Tree roots add significantly more cohesion to streambanks than forb roots. Additionally, rhizomes may play an important role in determining the reach‐scale effects of roots on bank stabilization. Differences in root characteristics and added cohesion among vegetation categories have several important implications, including determining the likelihood of planform change, developing guidelines for the use of bank‐stabilizing vegetation, and linking the effect of vegetation to geomorphic structure that can benefit ecosystem functioning. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0197-9337 , 1096-9837
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479188-2
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    In: Ecological Applications, Wiley, Vol. 25, No. 5 ( 2015-07), p. 1373-1389
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1051-0761
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010123-5
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 23
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2013
    In:  BioScience Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2013-3), p. 199-210
    In: BioScience, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 2013-3), p. 199-210
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-3244 , 0006-3568
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066019-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    In: Ecosystems, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2017-1), p. 144-162
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1432-9840 , 1435-0629
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478731-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    In: Restoration Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 1-4
    Abstract: Relating restoration ecology to policy is one of the aims of the Society for Ecological Restoration and its journal Restoration Ecology . As an interdisciplinary team of researchers in both ecological science and political science, we have struggled with how policy‐relevant language is and could be deployed in restoration ecology. Using language in scientific publications that resonates with overarching policy questions may facilitate linkages between researcher investigations and decision‐makers' concerns on all levels. Climate change is the most important environmental problem of our time and to provide policymakers with new relevant knowledge on this problem is of outmost importance. To determine whether or not policy‐specific language was being included in restoration ecology science, we surveyed the field of restoration ecology from 2008 to 2010, identifying 1,029 articles, which we further examined for the inclusion of climate change as a key element of the research. We found that of the 58 articles with “climate change” or “global warming” in the abstract, only 3 identified specific policies relevant to the research results. We believe that restoration ecologists are failing to include themselves in policy formation and implementation of issues such as climate change within journals focused on restoration ecology. We suggest that more explicit reference to policies and terminology recognizable to policymakers might enhance the impact of restoration ecology on decision‐making processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1061-2971 , 1526-100X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 914746-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Resilience Alliance, Inc. ; 2013
    In:  Ecology and Society Vol. 18, No. 3 ( 2013)
    In: Ecology and Society, Resilience Alliance, Inc., Vol. 18, No. 3 ( 2013)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1708-3087
    Language: English
    Publisher: Resilience Alliance, Inc.
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2647724-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2024
    In:  Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
    In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, Wiley
    Abstract: Boulders are globally widespread and influence processes across many landscapes including hillslopes, coasts, rivers and extra‐terrestrial settings. Boulders are described as particles, sufficiently large, that they have a disproportionate effect on the surrounding landscape. Moving beyond this conceptual definition, however, requires a somewhat arbitrary decision of how to define a minimum boulder size. The implications of boulder definition on study findings are rarely considered. We investigate the suitability of five boulder definitions, two based on fixed sizes: (1) 0.26 m and (2) 1 m, and three definitions which vary based on system characteristics: (3) grain mobility, (4) grain protrusion and (5) surface grain size distribution ( 〉 84th percentile, D 84 ). We consider the impact of definition on calculated boulder metrics, and, for the 〉 1 m and 〉 D 84 definitions, their association with channel and catchment characteristics across 20 boulder‐bed streams in northern Sweden. We also surveyed river managers responsible for restoring these rivers, to gain a practitioner insight on boulder size definition. We found that boulder definition matters; for metrics relating to the number or density of boulders, the 〉 D 84 and 〉 1 m size definitions were negatively correlated. Surveys indicated the importance of communicating boulder definition. We conclude that, whilst the best choice of boulder size definition will vary based on the questions of interest and techniques employed, evaluating the implications of the chosen boulder size definition and communicating the reasoning behind boulder definition choice is crucial.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0197-9337 , 1096-9837
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479188-2
    SSG: 14
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