In:
American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 321, No. 5 ( 2021-11-01), p. R723-R731
Abstract:
Bottlenose dolphins are susceptible to developing ammonium urate (NH 4 U) kidney stones. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that diet influences the urinary physicochemistry risk factors associated with nephrolithiasis in dolphins. A comprehensive nutrient analysis was performed revealing that the baseline diet (BD) commonly fed to dolphins under professional care had a greater purine content and a more negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) when compared with a model diet consumed by free-ranging dolphins. A modified diet (MD) was formulated to include free-ranging diet fish species and achieve a more positive DCAD. The BD had a more negative DCAD (−52 mEq/Mcal metabolizable energy) when compared with the MD (+51 mEq/Mcal ME), which more closely approximated the DCAD of the free-ranging model diet (+152 mEq/Mcal ME). Six dolphins (with stones) were fed the BD followed by the MD for a minimum of 4 wk. At the end of each feeding trial, a 6-h continuous urine collection was performed to compare urine parameters of dolphins fed the BD versus MD. Dolphins consuming the MD demonstrated a significant decrease in urinary ammonium, net acid excretion, saturation index of ammonium urate, and phosphorous, and a significant increase in urinary citrate and net gastrointestinal (GI) alkali absorption, as compared with urine parameters assessed when fed the BD. Increasing the proportion of free-ranging diet fish species and optimizing the DCAD positively influenced some of the risk factors believed to be associated with NH 4 U kidney stone development in bottlenose dolphins under professional care.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0363-6119
,
1522-1490
DOI:
10.1152/ajpregu.00056.2021
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Physiological Society
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477297-8
SSG:
12
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