In:
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 37, No. suppl_1 ( 2017-05)
Abstract:
A large randomized clinical trial (PREDIMED) showed that adding “healthy monounsaturated fat (MUF)” to Mediterranean diet (MedD) by supplementation with extra virgin olive oil or nuts led to a reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Hyperlipidemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, may induce lipid accumulation in circulating monocytes, leading to formation of foamy monocytes (FMs), which contribute to atherosclerosis. We hypothesize that high-MUF MedD reduces FM formation and therefore inhibits atherogenesis associated with hyperlipidemia. To test this, LDLR-/- mice were fed western-type high-saturated fat, high-cholesterol diet (WD) (21% milkfat containing 13.3% saturated fat and 5.9% MUF; 0.2% cholesterol), high-MUF MedD with high cholesterol (HC-MedD, 21% fat [from extra-virgin olive oil, walnuts, almonds, and hazelnuts] containing 2.6% saturated fat and 13.4% MUF; 0.2% cholesterol), or normal diet (ND, control). At 3 months, mice on HC-MedD had similar body weight gain but significantly lower liver/body weight index compared to mice on WD. Plasma triglyceride levels were significantly lower in mice on HC-MedD (318 ± 31 mg/dL, n=13) than on WD (769 ± 60 mg/dL, n=9, P 〈 0.05 vs HC-MedD group). Total cholesterol levels tended to be lower in mice on HC-MedD (2088 ± 180 mg/dL) than on WD (3092 ± 220 mg/dL). Compared to mice on WD, mice on HC-MedD had lower proportions of FMs and lower side scatter values (491 ± 11 vs 555 ± 3 in WD group, n=10/group, P 〈 0.001), indicating less lipid, in FMs. Lipid accumulation in FMs of LDLR-/- on WD accelerated conversion of monocyte subsets from CD11c-CD36+ to CD11c+CD36+, leading to increased ratio of CD11c+CD36+ to CD11c-CD36+ monocytes in mice on WD (2.6 ± 0.3, n=10) vs ND (1.3 ± 0.2, n=9, P 〈 0.01). In contrast, this ratio was not increased in mice on HC-MedD (1.4 ± 0.1, n=10) compared to mice on ND, and was lower than that in mice on WD (P 〈 0.01). Oil red O staining of en face aorta showed 27% decrease in lesion areas in mice on HC-MedD vs on WD (P 〈 0.05). In summary, compared to WD high in saturated fat and cholesterol, high-MUF MedD with high cholesterol lowered triglyceride levels, inhibited FM formation, and reduced atherosclerotic lesion size in LDLR-/- mice.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1079-5642
,
1524-4636
DOI:
10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.593
Language:
English
Publisher:
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Publication Date:
2017
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1494427-3
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