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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rodrigues, Mauritius, and Réunion Islands Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
    SAGE Publications ; 2006
    In:  Earthquake Spectra Vol. 22, No. 3_suppl ( 2006-06), p. 241-261
    Details
    In: Earthquake Spectra, SAGE Publications, Vol. 22, No. 3_suppl ( 2006-06), p. 241-261
    Abstract: The effects of the December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the islands of Rodrigues, Mauritius, and Réunion were surveyed in March 2005. Runup and inundation were obtained at 35 sites. Measured runup ranges from 2.9 m on the southeastern coast of Rodrigues to negligible values further west on the same island, with most variations expressing the effect of differences in the structure of the coral reef. Most of the damage on Réunion was concentrated in harbors. At the main harbor of Le Port on Réunion, a 196-m vessel broke loose from its moorings and began drifting, inflicting damage on port infrastructure; this incident took place significantly later than the passage of the maximum-amplitude waves. There is a potential hazard to the Mascarene Islands from any future large earthquake in southern Sumatra.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8755-2930 , 1944-8201
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1193/1.2209190
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2006
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transoceanic wave propagation links iceberg calving margins of Antarctica with storms in tropics and Northern Hemisphere
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2006
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 33, No. 17 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 33, No. 17 ( 2006)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2006GL027235
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2006
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seismic observations of sea swell on the floating Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 114, No. F2 ( 2009-05-06)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 114, No. F2 ( 2009-05-06)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2007JF000934
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2009
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rapid determination of earthquake magnitude using GPS for tsunami warning systems
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2006
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 33, No. 11 ( 2006-06)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 33, No. 11 ( 2006-06)
    Abstract: The 26 December 2004 Sumatra earthquake (M w 9.2–9.3) generated the most deadly tsunami in history. Yet within the first hour, the true danger of a major oceanwide tsunami was not indicated by seismic magnitude estimates, which were far too low (M w 8.0–8.5). This problem relates to the inherent saturation of early seismic‐wave methods. Here we show that the earthquake's true size and tsunami potential can be determined using Global Positioning System (GPS) data up to only 15 min after earthquake initiation, by tracking the mean displacement of the Earth's surface associated with the arrival of seismic waves. Within minutes, displacements of 〉 10 mm are detectable as far away as India, consistent with results using weeks of data after the event. These displacements imply M w 9.0 ± 0.1, indicating a high tsunami potential. This suggests existing GPS infrastructure could be developed into an effective component of tsunami warning systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2006GL026145
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A theoretical discussion of time domain magnitudes: The Prague formula for M s and the mantle magnitude M m
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 94, No. B4 ( 1989-04-10), p. 4194-4204
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. B4 ( 1989-04-10), p. 4194-4204
    Abstract: A combination of surface wave theory and phase‐stationary asymptotics is used to relate the time domain amplitude a ( t ) of a strongly dispersed wave and the moment M 0 of the source. This approximation is valid at sufficiently large distances, over 10° for 20‐s Rayleigh waves. We apply this formalism to justify theoretically the Prague formula for M s . Assuming a Rayleigh Q of 297, we can successfully model the theoretical distance correction as 1.66 log 10 Δ in the range 20–160°. We also predict a relation of the form log 10 M 0 = M s + 19.46, in good agreement with reported empirical values. Finally, we show that the theory requires M s to be described by the product ( aT ); the use of the ratio ( a / T ) is a partial and ad hoc compensation for a large number of frequency‐dependent terms ignored in the Prague formula. The same formalism can be applied to the inversely dispersed branch of mantle Rayleigh waves, between periods of 60 and 230 s. We provide the theoretical justification for the use of time domain measurements to obtain a mantle magnitude, and in particular for the modeling of the ratio a / A of the time domain and spectral amplitudes as 2/ T , at distances ranging from 20 to 120°. At greater distances, and in particular for multiple passages, an additional distance correction must be effected.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JB094iB04p04194
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rupture characteristics of the 1982 Tonga and 1986 Kermadec earthquakes
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1989
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 94, No. B11 ( 1989-11-10), p. 15521-15539
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 94, No. B11 ( 1989-11-10), p. 15521-15539
    Abstract: Source time functions are obtained for the December 19, 1982, Tonga and October 20, 1986, Kermadec earthquakes from deconvolution of P waves, using a model including a significant dip of the ocean bottom. In such a geometry, the amplitudes of subsequent water multiples are large and irregular. As a result, we can model these two events as consisting of a single pulse of short duration (23 s in the case of the 1982 event, and 19 s for the 1986 one), despite complex teleseismic waveshapes. This is in contrast to inversions using flat‐layered models, which required very complex source time functions, which were mutually inconsistent at different stations. The anomalously large tsunami generated by the 1982 event is modeled as the result of propagation of the rupture into the sedimentary wedge at the trench, rather than due to a long‐lived complex source time function, the latter being also incompatible with the total lack of excitation of the Earth's normal modes in the low‐frequency limit. For the 1986 event, we derive a source duration (19 s) very short in relation to its moment (8×10 27 dyn‐cm). This earthquake, a high stress drop rupture featuring a unique combination of strike‐slip and thrust motion on a plane dipping oceanwards of the trench, is interpreted as expressing internal deformation of the subducting Pacific slab at a depth of 40 km, under the compressional stresses resulting from the collision.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JB094iB11p15521
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1989
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New surveys of MacDonald Seamount, southcentral Pacific, following volcanoseismic activity, 1977‐1983
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1984
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 1984-09), p. 813-816
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 11, No. 9 ( 1984-09), p. 813-816
    Abstract: Macdonald Volcano, located at the younger end of the Austral Islands chain and discovered in 1967 from teleseismic T waves, has been the site of intense volcanoseismic swarms from 1977 to January, 1984. Three new surveys of its summit, including by scuba divers, have revealed pinnacles reaching 27 m b.s.l., and a variety of fresh features, such as fractures and spatter cones. It is strongly suggested that the summit of the volcano swelled and the pinnacles grew since Johnson’s last survey in 1975.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/GL011i009p00813
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1984
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The 1942 Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge Earthquake: Largest ever recorded on an oceanic transform
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1987
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 1987-02), p. 147-150
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 1987-02), p. 147-150
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/GL014i002p00147
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1987
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Numerical modeling of the September 13, 1999 landslide and tsunami on Fatu Hiva Island (French Polynesia) : MODELING OF THE 1999 LOCAL TSUNAMI ON FATU HIVA ISLAND
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2002
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2002-05-15), p. 122-1-122-4
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 29, No. 10 ( 2002-05-15), p. 122-1-122-4
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2001GL013774
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The structure of the core‐mantle boundary from diffracted waves
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 97, No. B6 ( 1992-06-10), p. 8749-8764
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 97, No. B6 ( 1992-06-10), p. 8749-8764
    Abstract: Diffracted P and S waves ( Pd , Sd ) traveling around the core‐mantle boundary (CMB) of the Earth give us information about the velocity structure and therefore the thermochemistry of D″, the base of the Earth's mantle. By examining Pd and Sd arrivals we determined the apparent ray parameter for different regions at the base of the mantle. By comparing the data slownesses to those found from reflectivity synthetic seismograms we were able to quantify D″ average velocities. Using these averaged velocities with a thermochemical modeling of lower mantle minerals using a Birch‐Mumaghan equation of state, we have been able to make chemical and physical inferences as to the causes of lateral variations at the CMB. Examinations found significant lateral heterogeneity at the base of the mantle, amounting to ≈ 4% for both P and S velocities. These velocities did not always vary in parallel, and the Poisson ratio varied regionally by almost 6%. The most unusual region of the CMB found was under Indonesia, where velocities 3% slower than the preliminary reference Earth models were found adjacent to a region of faster than average velocities. These regions currently correspond to areas of core up welling and down welling (respectively) found by Voorhies (1986), which if mostly held in place by core‐mantle coupling might cause a flux of heat and iron into the mantle, making the anomaly both thermally and chemically derived. At the CMB under the northern Pacific rim the fastest shear velocities were found, but the same region yielded slower than average P velocities. While the presence of fast shear velocities here would support the idea that we are seeing the cold dregs of mantle convection, perhaps continuing down from the North Pacific subduction zones, the presence of slow P velocities suggests additional complications. Our thermochemical modeling suggests that the D″ Poisson ratio is very sensitive to variations in the silicate/oxide ratio and that a decrease in the amount of perovskite relative to magnesiowüstite may play an important role in this region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/92JB00511
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1992
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    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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