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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and carotid artery intima-media thickness in a random sample of middle-aged men
    Elsevier BV ; 2000
    In:  Atherosclerosis Vol. 153, No. 1 ( 2000-11), p. 147-153
    Details
    In: Atherosclerosis, Elsevier BV, Vol. 153, No. 1 ( 2000-11), p. 147-153
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9150
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9150(00)00383-X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 80061-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of four-month vertical whole body vibration on performance and balance
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2002
    In:  Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2002-09), p. 1523-1528
    Details
    In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2002-09), p. 1523-1528
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0195-9131
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200209000-00020
    RVK:
    ZX 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 603994-7
    SSG: 31
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A controlled trial of the health benefits of regular walking on a golf course
    Elsevier BV ; 2000
    In:  The American Journal of Medicine Vol. 109, No. 2 ( 2000-08), p. 102-108
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Medicine, Elsevier BV, Vol. 109, No. 2 ( 2000-08), p. 102-108
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-9343
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9343(00)00455-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 80015-6
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of a model for prediction of lumbar bone mineral density
    Elsevier BV ; 1992
    In:  Bone and Mineral Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 1992-8), p. 153-158
    Details
    In: Bone and Mineral, Elsevier BV, Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 1992-8), p. 153-158
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0169-6009
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0169-6009(92)90855-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2196644-8
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-Term Recreational Gymnastics, Estrogen Use, and Selected Risk Factors for Osteoporotic Fractures
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 1999-07-01), p. 1231-1238
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 14, No. 7 ( 1999-07-01), p. 1231-1238
    Abstract: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether long-term participation in recreational gymnastics or folk dancing or estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is associated with mechanically more competent bones and improved muscular strength and body balance. One hundred and seventeen healthy, female postmenopausal recreational gymnasts (mean age 62.1 [SD 4.7] years) and 116 sedentary controls (mean age 61.5 [4.6] years) were enrolled in the study. Bone mineral content (BMC) of the distal radius, femoral neck, and trochanter were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. BMC of the midshaft and distal tibia and trabecular density (TrD) of the distal tibia were measured with peripheral computed quantitative tomography. Maximal isometric strength, muscular power, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body balance of the participants were also assessed. The cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and dynamic balance of the recreational gymnasts and folk dancers combined were significantly better than those of the controls, the average group difference ranging from 7.5% (95% confidence interval 5.0–9.9%) in dynamic balance to 12.8% (6.6–19.4%) in dynamic muscular power. ERT was not associated with the fitness indicators, muscular power, or balance, but was significantly associated with the BMC at all the measured bone sites, the mean group difference between estrogen users and nonusers ranging from 6.5% (3.7–9.3%) for the tibial shaft to 11.8% (6.4–17.0%) for the distal radius. Recreational gymnastics, in turn, was significantly associated with higher BMC at the tibia only, the mean group difference being 3.9% (0.9–6.9%) for the tibial shaft and 7.7% (3.7–11.9%) for the distal tibia. Recreational gymnastics was also associated with higher TrD at the distal tibia (5.2%; 1.2–9.2%), whereas estrogen usage did not show such association. The results indicate that ERT seems especially effective in preventing postmenopausal bone loss, whereas recreational gymnastics and folk dancing improve muscular performance and body balance in addition to increased bone mass and bone size in the tibia. All these factors are essential in prevention of fall-related fractures of the elderly.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.7.1231
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 632783-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Good Maintenance of High-Impact Activity-Induced Bone Gain by Voluntary, Unsupervised Exercises: An 8-Month Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 1999-01-01), p. 125-128
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 1999-01-01), p. 125-128
    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether premenopausal women's voluntary unsupervised aerobic and step training could maintain the skeletal benefits obtained by an 18-month supervised high-impact training, and if so, to what extent. Thirty women of the original 39 study subjects (i. e., persons who completed the preceding 18-month randomized training intervention and who volunteered to continue the training on their own for a further 8 months) and 19 women of the 45 original control subjects (i.e., persons who volunteered to continue as controls) were included. The study group trained an average of twice per week and the training consisted of regular aerobic and step classes provided by local fitness centers. Areal bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) was measured from the lumbar spine, femoral neck, trochanter area of the femur, distal femur, patella, proximal tibia, calcaneus, and dominant distal radius at baseline and after 18 and 26 months. During the extended 8-month follow-up, the BMD of the study group increased more at the femoral neck (the intergroup change was +0.9% at 18 months and +2.8% at 26 months, p = 0.004 for the change between 18 and 26 months) and remained at the 18-month level at the distal femur, patella, proximal tibia, and calcaneus. In these sites, the statistically significant changes during the entire 26 months of training were 1.7–4.0% in the training group as compared with the changes of −0.9–1.5% in the control group. In the lumbar spine, BMD decreased from the 18-month level in both groups. In conclusion, the significant BMD increases that were obtained by supervised 18-month high-impact training were effectively maintained with subsequent unsupervised regular aerobic and step classes (twice per week). The finding emphasizes the effectiveness and feasibility of self-controlled aerobic and step exercises in the primary prevention of osteoporosis among healthy premenopausal women.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.1999.14.1.125
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 632783-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Changes in bone mineral content with decreased training in competitive young adult tennis players and controls: a prospective 4-yr follow-up
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 1999
    In:  Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 1999-05), p. 646-652
    Details
    In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 1999-05), p. 646-652
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0195-9131
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199905000-00004
    RVK:
    ZX 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 603994-7
    SSG: 31
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of unilateral strength training and detraining on bone mineral mass and estimated mechanical characteristics of the upper limb bones in young women
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1996
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 1996-04-01), p. 490-501
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 11, No. 4 ( 1996-04-01), p. 490-501
    Abstract: The aims of this study were to examine the effects of 12 months unilateral high-resistance strength training and 8-month detraining on bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and estimated mechanical characteristics of upper limb bones, and also to estimate consequent loading induced strains on forearm bone shafts. Thirteen female physiotherapy students (mean 23.8 ± 5.0 yrs, 166 ± 7 cm, 64.4 ± 13.3 kg) trained their left upper limbs with dumbbells on average 2.8 times per week for 12 months, followed by eight months detraining. Nineteen students served as controls (mean 25.7 ± 5.2 yrs, 16.5 ± 4 cm, 62.1 ± 7.0 kg). BMC, BMD, and bone width and estimated cortical wall thickness (CWT) were measured at five different sites in both upper extremities (proximal humerus, humeral shaft, radial shaft, ulnar shaft, and distal forearm) using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanner. In addition, cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI) was estimated from DXA data. The maximal isometric strength of the upper extremities was measured with an arm flexion-extension dynamometer. The training increased significantly the flexion strength by 14% (p = 0.001). During the detraining period, all measured strength values in the training group decreased in both limbs with respect to values after training. Despite the clear effect on muscular strength, no significant intergroup differences were observed in BMC, BMD, bone width, CWT, or CSMI values at any measured site after the training or detraining period. The estimated loading-induced strains remained within customary loading, and the change in strain level was only 15%. In conclusion, this study indicated that using high-resistance strength training may not provide an effective osteogenic stimulus for bone formation and geometric changes in upper limb bones of young, healthy, adult women. The interaction of bones and muscles may play an important and relatively unrecognized role in the development of bone strength, suggesting that the entire biomechanical environment should be carefully considered when evaluating the osteogenic efficiency of physical loading.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650110410
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 632783-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of free mobilization and low- to high-intensity treadmill running on the immobilization-induced bone loss in rats
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 1994-10-01), p. 1613-1619
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 9, No. 10 ( 1994-10-01), p. 1613-1619
    Abstract: After an immobilization period of 3 weeks, the effects of free remobilization (8 weeks) as well as low- and high-intensity treadmill running on the bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of the hindlimbs of Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 70) were studied using a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric scanner. In the low-intensity running program, the rats were allowed to move freely in the cage for 1 week, after which they started to run on a treadmill twice a day for 7 weeks. The speed of the treadmill was 20 cm/s, with an uphill inclination of 10°. The running time was gradually increased from 20 minutes per session to 45 minutes per session. In the high-intensity group, the program was similar, with the exception that the speed of the treadmill was 30 cm/s, with an uphill inclination of 30°. Immobilization for 3 weeks produced a significant BMC and BMD loss in the immobilized left femur and tibia (mean loss 9.6%, p & lt; 0.001) but did not affect the right free limbs. Both low- and high-intensity running restored mineral content in the immobilized limb; however, an average 5% difference (p & lt; 0.05) in mineral content of the right and left limb bones persisted. In the running groups, the values for the immobilized left limbs were at the same level or exceeded (range 3.8–11.6%, p & lt; 0.05–0.01) and those of the free right limbs exclusively exceeded (range 5.3–15.9%, p & lt; 0.05–0.01) the corresponding values of the age-matched control rats. In the group with free remobilization, the BMCs and BMDs always remained below those in the controls (range –3.2 to –12.6%, p values ranging from NS to p & lt; 0.01). Thus, this study showed the need for greater than normal activity to restore the BMC and BMD from disuse to normal.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650091015
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 632783-7
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A cruciate ligament injury produces considerable, permanent osteoporosis in the affected knee
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1992
    In:  Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Vol. 7, No. 12 ( 1992-12-01), p. 1429-1434
    Details
    In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 7, No. 12 ( 1992-12-01), p. 1429-1434
    Abstract: Bone mineral density (BMD) and clinical status of 42 patients treated surgically 10–11 years earlier for an acute knee ligament injury were determined. The BMD was measured at the spine (L2–4) and the femoral neck, distal femur, patella, proximal tibia, and calcaneus of both lower extremities using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric (DXA) scanner. The relative BMD results of the injured knee were correlated with sex, age, activity level, knee stability, and functional scores of the patient. In the 11 patients with moderate injury (isolated rupture of the medial collateral ligament), the BMDs of the injured and uninjured extremities were equal. In the 31 patients with severe injury (cruciate ligament rupture), the BMDs were significantly lower in the injured knee: distal femur, −6.0% (p = 0.0000); patella, −9.0% (p = 0.0000); and proximal tibia, −3.3% (p = 0.0012). Neither the femoral neck nor the calcaneus showed any differences. There were no significant differences either between men and women or between patients with different activity levels. The relative BMDs of the injured knee did not correlate with age or static knee stability but correlated significantly (r = 0.42–0.78, p & lt; 0.01–0.001) with the functional scores of the same knee: the better the knee function in comparison with the healthy knee, the higher the relative BMD. The spinal BMDs corresponded with the age-adjusted reference values of the used densitometry. In conclusion, a severe knee ligament injury results in permanently decreased BMD in the injured knee. Other parts of the same extremity and lumbar spine are not affected. The observed decrease (3–9%) is clinically important with respect to age-related bone loss of 1%/year after the age of 35 years. Additional follow-up is needed to determine any increased risk of osteoporotic knee fracture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0884-0431 , 1523-4681
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650071210
    RVK:
    XA 52230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008867-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 632783-7
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