Abstract: In this study, marine microalgal communities in 12 islands belonging to the sea water region of Truong Sa Islands (Spratly Islands), Vietnam in May-June and October-November 2021 was studied. There were 305 species of marine microalgae belonging to 7 phyla were identified in 12 islands in this sea water region of Truong Sa Islands (Spratly Islands) in 2021 in which with 39 dominant species, highest species number of 147 in Central (London) Reef (D1) and the lowest species number of 15 in Ambonya Cay (D4) were detected. Up to 2021, in the sea water region of the Truong Sa Islands (Spratly Islands), 14 genera of toxic harmful algae have appeared. The average value of biodiversity index (H') and the diversity value index (Dv) in all 12 studied islands in the Truong Sa Islands (Spratly Islands) in 2021 is 3.61±0.40 and 3.43±0.39, respectively, showing that the diversity of marine microalgae of this sea water region is rich and the quality of its sea water is generally good. It has been determined that two main factors NO3- and oil content, followed by DO, salinity, temperature and Hg content in seawater were affected the density of marine microalgal cells in the sea water of Truong Sa Islands (Spratly Islands) in 2021. In which, the marine microalgal cell density has a negative correlation with temperature, salinity, NO3- and Hg content of seawater and has a positive correlation with DO parameter was discovered.

Abstract: The purpose of the article is to examine the response of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam to supply chain finance and then have a strategy to use supply chain risk resilience to control supply chain risk and improve supply chain effectiveness and SMEs performance. The analysis results are based on three months of data collected from 890 SMEs in Vietnam. The results show that supply chain finance has a statistically significant positive impact on supply chain effectiveness, SMEs performance and supply chain risk resilience. At the same time, supply chain finance has a negative impact on the supply chain risk of Vietnam SMEs in the global supply chain. Finally, we offer recommendations to help SMEs improve supply chain effectiveness and performance through the supply chain finance tool.

Abstract: Fungi are the most harmful microorganisms responsible for the deterioration of nonmetallic materials such as glass, polymers, and composites. To date, biological aspects of glass deterioration have been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the diversity of the fungal community colonizing eyepieces of binoculars collected from museums of the northern provinces of Vietnam and the biodeterioration effects on accurate glass reproductions. A total of 40 isolates belonging to 14 genera were identified based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing, morphological features, and maximum likelihood analysis. The most abundant fungal genera included Aspergillus (43.8%) and Penicillium (31.3%). Among those detected, Byssochlamys, Curvularia, Phomopsis, Coprinellus, Perenniporia, Talaromyces, Pithomyces, Neopestalotiopsis, Trichoderma, Pleospora, and Humicola were found for the first time. Of the 40 strains tested, 8 strains showed great organic acid production, and the extent of mycelium covered from 33.6 to 46.24%. Specifically, the highest extracellular polymeric substance production was observed in Byssochlamys spectabilis BXMA1-2 (14.96 g/L), Aspergillus niger BXMA5-2 (12.17 g/L), and Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis BMLC1-2 (9.89 g/L). Glass biodeterioration experiments revealed that the light transmission through the fungal-treated glasses was decreased by 30–42.2% as compared to the nontreated glass. In addition, the main alterations resulted from hyphal fingerprints and spots, leading to apparent damage and biocorrosion.

Abstract: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a clinical response happened to patient who is sensitive with inhaled anesthesia drug that could cause suddently death. Many previous studies showed that malignant hyperthermia strongly related to genetic background of patients including RYR1, CACNA1S or STAC3 gene polymorphisms. With the development of high technology such as next generation sequencing, scientists found that 37 to 86 percents of MH cases had RYR1 mutations and approximately 1 percent of those had CACNA1S mutations. Gene analysis testing was recommended to apply for patient with MH medical history or MH patient’s family relations. Keywords Malignant hyperthermia, inhaled anesthesia, RYR1, CACNA1S, STAC3. References [1] G. Torri, Inhalation anesthetics: a review, Minerva Anestesiologica 76 (2010) 215–228. [2] N. Kassiri, S. Ardehali, F. Rashidi, S. Hashemian, Inhalational anesthetics agents: The pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and their effects on human body, Biomed. Biotechnol. Res. J. BBRJ 2 (2018) 173. https://doi.org/10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_6618.[3] H. Rosenberg, N. Sambuughin, S. Riazi, R. Dirksen, Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility, in: M.P. Adam, H.H. Ardinger, R.A. Pagon, S.E. Wallace, L.J. Bean, K. Stephens, A. Amemiya (Eds.), GeneReviews, University of Washington, Seattle, Seattle (WA), 19932020. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1146/ (accessed February 2, 2020).[4] H. Rosenberg, N. Pollock, A. Schiemann, T. Bulger, K. Stowell, Malignant hyperthermia: a review, Orphanet J. Rare Dis 10 (2015) 93. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-015-0310-1.[5] D. Carpenter, C. Ringrose, V. Leo, A. Morris, R.L. Robinson, P.J. Halsall, P.M. Hopkins, M.-A. Shaw, The role of CACNA1S in predisposition to malignant hyperthermia, BMC Med. Genet 10 (2009) 104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2350-10-104.[6] S. Riazi, N. Kraeva, P.M. Hopkins, Updated guide for the management of malignant hyperthermia, Can. J. Anaesth. J. Can. Anesth 65 (2018) 709–721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-018-1108-0.[7] S. Riazi, N. Kraeva, P.M. Hopkins, Malignant Hyperthermia in the Post-Genomics Era: New Perspectives on an Old Concept, Anesthesiology 128 (2018) 168–180. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000001878.[8] [D.M. Miller, C. Daly, E.M. Aboelsaod, L. Gardner, S.J. Hobson, K. Riasat, S. Shepherd, R.L. Robinson, J.G. Bilmen, P.K. Gupta, M.-A. Shaw, P.M. Hopkins, Genetic epidemiology of malignant hyperthermia in the UK, BJA Br. J. Anaesth 121 (2018) 944–952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2018.06.028.[9] T.A. Beam, E.F. Loudermilk, D.F. Kisor, Pharmacogenetics and pathophysiology of CACNA1S mutations in malignant hyperthermia, Physiol. Genomics 49 (2017) 81–87. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00126.2016.[10] I.T. Zaharieva, A. Sarkozy, P. Munot, A. Manzur, G. O’Grady, J. Rendu, E. Malfatti, H. Amthor, L. Servais, J.A. Urtizberea, O.A. Neto, E. Zanoteli, S. Donkervoort, J. Taylor, J. Dixon, G. Poke, A.R. Foley, C. Holmes, G. Williams, M. Holder, S. Yum, L. Medne, S. Quijano-Roy, N.B. Romero, J. Fauré, L. Feng, L. Bastaki, M.R. Davis, R. Phadke, C.A. Sewry, C.G. Bönnemann, H. Jungbluth, C. Bachmann, S. Treves, F. Muntoni, STAC3 variants cause a congenital myopathy with distinctive dysmorphic features and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, Hum. Mutat 39 (2018) 1980–1994. https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.23635.[11] A.F. Dulhunty, The voltage-activation of contraction in skeletal muscle, Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol 57 (1992) 181–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6107(92)90024-Z.[12] C. Franzini-Armstrong, A.O. Jorgensen, Structure and Development of E-C Coupling Units in Skeletal Muscle, Annu. Rev. Physiol 56 (1994) 509–534. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.56.030194.002453.[13] D.H. MacLennan, M. Abu-Abed, C. Kang, Structure-function relationships in Ca(2+) cycling proteins, J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol 34 (2002) 897–918. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmcc.2002.2031.[14] H. Rosenberg, M. Davis, D. James, N. Pollock, K. Stowell, Malignant hyperthermia, Orphanet J. Rare Dis 2 (2007) 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-2-21.[15] S.M. Karan, F. Crowl, S.M. Muldoon, Malignant hyperthermia masked by capnographic monitoring, Anesth. Analg 78 (1994) 590–592. https://doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199403000-00029.[16] M.G. Larach, G.A. Gronert, G.C. Allen, B.W. Brandom, E.B. Lehman, Clinical presentation, treatment, and complications of malignant hyperthermia in North America from 1987 to 2006, Anesth. Analg 110 (2010) 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c6b9b2.[17] M.G. Larach, A.R. Localio, G.C. Allen, M.A. Denborough, F.R. Ellis, G.A. Gronert, R.F. Kaplan, S.M. Muldoon, T.E. Nelson, H. Ording, H. Rosenberg, B.E. Waud, D.J. Wedel, A Clinical Grading Scale to Predict Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptibility, Anesthesiology 80 (1994) 771–779. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199404000-00008.[18] D. Schneiderbanger, S. Johannsen, N. Roewer, F. Schuster, Management of malignant hyperthermia: diagnosis and treatment, Ther. Clin. Risk Manag 10 (2014) 355–362. https://doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S47632.[19] R. Robinson, D. Carpenter, M.-A. Shaw, J. Halsall, P. Hopkins, Mutations in RYR1 in malignant hyperthermia and central core disease, Hum. Mutat 27 (2006) 977–989. https://doi.org/10.1002/humu.20356.[20] M.L. Alvarellos, R.M. Krauss, R.A. Wilke, R.B. Altman, T.E. Klein, PharmGKB summary: very important pharmacogene information for RYR1, Pharmacogenet. Genomics 26 (2016) 138–144. https://doi.org/10.1097/FPC.0000000000000198.[21] A. Merritt, P. Booms, M.-A. Shaw, D.M. Miller, C. Daly, J.G. Bilmen, K.M. Stowell, P.D. Allen, D.S. Steele, P.M. Hopkins, Assessing the pathogenicity of RYR1 variants in malignant hyperthermia, BJA Br. J. Anaesth 118 (2017) 533–543. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aex042.[22] P.M. Hopkins, H. Rüffert, M.M. Snoeck, T. Girard, K.P.E. Glahn, F.R. Ellis, C.R. Müller, A. Urwyler, European Malignant Hyperthermia Group, European Malignant Hyperthermia Group guidelines for investigation of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility, Br. J. Anaesth 115 (2015) 531–539. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aev225.[23] N.T. Thuy, L.N. Thanh, N.T.T. Mau, N.H. Hoang, N.T.K. Lien, D.D. Long, N.T. Bình, D.A. Tien, N.C. Huu, N.T. Hieu, P.T.H. Nhung, V.T. Thom, Whole exome sequencing revealed a pathogenic variant in a gene related to malignant hyperthermia in a Vietnamese cardiac surgical patient: A case report, Ann. Med. Surg 48 (2019) 88–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2019.10.030.[24] B. Neuhuber, U. Gerster, F. Döring, H. Glossmann, T. Tanabe, B.E. Flucher, Association of calcium channel α1S and β1a subunits is required for the targeting of β1a but not of α1S into skeletal muscle triads, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 95 (1998) 5015–5020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.9.5015.[25] M. Whirl-Carrillo, E.M. McDonagh, J.M. Hebert, L. Gong, K. Sangkuhl, C.F. Thorn, R.B. Altman, T.E. Klein, Pharmacogenomics Knowledge for Personalized Medicine, Clin. Pharmacol. Ther 92 (2012) 414–417. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2012.96.[26] N. Monnier, V. Procaccio, P. Stieglitz, J. Lunardi, Malignant-hyperthermia susceptibility is associated with a mutation of the alpha 1-subunit of the human dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type voltage-dependent calcium-channel receptor in skeletal muscle, Am. J. Hum. Genet 60 (1997) 1316–1325 . https://doi.org/10.1086/515454.[27] S.L. Stewart, K. Hogan, H. Rosenberg, J.E. Fletcher, Identification of the Arg1086His mutation in the alpha subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (CACNA1S) in a North American family with malignant hyperthermia, Clin. Genet 59 (2001) 178–184. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399 0004.2001.590306.x.[28] P.J. Toppin, T.T. Chandy, A. Ghanekar, N. Kraeva, W.S. Beattie, S. Riazi, A report of fulminant malignant hyperthermia in a patient with a novel mutation of the CACNA1S gene, Can. J. Anaesth. J. Can. Anesth 57 (2010) 689–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-010-9314-4.[29] E.J. Horstick, J.W. Linsley, J.J. Dowling, M.A. Hauser, K.K. McDonald, A. Ashley-Koch, L. Saint-Amant, A. Satish, W.W. Cui, W. Zhou, S.M. Sprague, D.S. Stamm, C.M. Powell, M.C. Speer, C. Franzini-Armstrong, H. Hirata, J.Y. Kuwada, Stac3 is a component of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery and mutated in Native American myopathy, Nat. Commun 4 (2013) 1952. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2952.[30] D.S. Stamm, A.S. Aylsworth, J.M. Stajich, S.G. Kahler, L.B. Thorne, M.C. Speer, C.M. Powell, Native American myopathy: Congenital myopathy with cleft palate, skeletal anomalies, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, Am. J. Med. Genet. A 146A (2008) 1832–1841. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.32370.[31] A. Polster, B.R. Nelson, S. Papadopoulos, E.N. Olson, K.G. Beam, Stac proteins associate with the critical domain for excitation–contraction coupling in the II–III loop of CaV1.1, J. Gen. Physiol 150 (2018) 613–624. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201711917.[32] S.M. Wong King Yuen, M. Campiglio, C.-C. Tung, B.E. Flucher, F. Van Petegem, Structural insights into binding of STAC proteins to voltage-gated calcium channels, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci 114 (2017) E9520–E9528. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708852114.[33] M. Grabner, R.T. Dirksen, N. Suda, K.G. Beam, The II-III loop of the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor is responsible for the Bi-directional coupling with the ryanodine receptor, J. Biol. Chem 274 (1999) 21913–21919. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.31.21913.[34] J. Nakai, T. Tanabe, T. Konno, B. Adams, K.G. Beam, Localization in the II-III loop of the dihydropyridine receptor of a sequence critical for excitation-contraction coupling, J. Biol. Chem 273 (1998) 24983–24986. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.39.24983.[35] C.J. Morton, I.D. Campbell, SH3 domains. Molecular “Velcro,” Curr. Biol. CB 4 (1994) 615–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00134-2.[36] A. Zafra-Ruano, I. Luque, Interfacial water molecules in SH3 interactions: Getting the full picture on polyproline recognition by protein-protein interaction domains, FEBS Lett 586 (2012) 2619–2630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2012.04.057.        

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the prevalence of low genital tract colonization by Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma and its association with bacterial vaginosis Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study carry on 802 women who were visited at Vinmec International Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum, U. parvum in low genital tract sample were detected by Realtime - PCR method. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis based on microbiological morphology according to Nugent score. Abnormal cases are treated and followed. Results: The prevalence of M. genitalium was 1.6% (95%CI: 0.9 - 2.8), M. hominis was 5.0% (95%CI: 3.6 – 6.8), U. urealyticum was 13.1% (95%CI: 10.7 - 15.9) and U. parvum was 36.0% (95%CI: 32.0 - 40.4). Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma present in lower genital tract samples were not associated with clinical symptoms. The rate of bacterial vaginosis was 4.7% and it was not associated with the presence of M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum, U. parvum in low genital tract. Conclusion: The prevalence of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma in the genital tract is relatively low and it was not associated with bacterial vaginosis.

Abstract: As in much of the world, the elderly population in Vietnam is growing rapidly with two-thirds of them currently living in rural areas. Besides limited access to quality healthcare services, they also have unique health profiles and needs due to various factors, including the highly skewed sex ratio of more women residing in rural areas. However, the relationship between gender, health-seeking behaviors, and health outcomes in this under-served population has not been well characterized. This study sought to explore the associations of gender with health-related quality of life and health-seeking behavior among the elderly in Soc Son, a rural district of Hanoi, Vietnam. A cross-sectional design was used; elderly individuals were surveyed across the domains of socioeconomic information, health status, and healthcare service utilization. We found that overall, women had poorer health and quality of life even though gender difference did not appear to significantly influence their levels of health services utilization. A greater understanding of the systemic, sociocultural, and psychological factors underlying such differences may help better inform future healthcare service delivery strategies targeting this growing population in rural areas.

Abstract: Nghiên cứu này phân lập được 4 chủng có hoạt tính oxi hóa H2S và 6 chủng có hoạt tính oxi hóa NH3 từ các mẫu đất, nước thải chăn nuôi trên quần đảo Trường Sa. Chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng khử khí gây mùi từ chuồng trại chăn nuôi (H2S, NH3) được sàng lọc, sử dụng môi trường khoáng dịch thể thiosulfate có bổ sung nguồn cơ chất cao nấm men, glucose và môi trường khoáng Vinograxki có bổ sung glucose, citrate. Kết quả thu được cho thấy, chủng được phân lập có khả năng làm giảm pH trong môi trường nuôi cấy xuống pH 4 – pH 5, khả năng chịu nồng độ NaCl 30 g/l, chịu nhiệt phù hợp với điều kiện trên các đảo thuộc quần đảo Trường Sa. Trong đó, chủng AOBN4 có hiệu suất xử lý ammoni đạt 73% và chủng SOBS9 có khả năng chuyển hóa thiosulfate thành ion sulfate đạt 5,9 mg/ml. Kết quả này cho thấy, các chủng phân lập được có hiệu quả khử mùi và có tiểm năng để ứng dụng cho sản xuất chế phẩm khử mùi cho hoạt động chăn nuôi trong điều kiện biển đảo.

Abstract: IR spectra contain chemical information of matter and can be acquired from raw/untreated samples. The spectra are, however, complicated to interpret and could not be used directly for both qualitative and quantitative purposes. In this research a statistical approach namely, multivariate data analysis (MVDA) or chemometrics was employed for mining information related to chemical compositions from spectroscopic data. Two examples are used to illustrate the potential of this approach, one is edible oil (using benchtop FT-IR), and pharmaceuticals (using handheld NIR). Olive oil was differentiated from adulterants (sesame, sunflower, palm oil) in PCA, and the content of olive oil was successfully determined by the PLS model the error of olive oil content 〈 5%. Norfloxacin content in lab-scale powder formulation yield the auspicious results with the error 〈 6%. The results proved the developed techniques are promising for rapid analysis at significantly lower costs.

Abstract: Glass biodeterioration by fungi has caused irreversible damage to valuable glass materials such as cultural heritages and optical devices. To date, knowledge about metabolic potential and genomic profile of biodeteriorative fungi is still scarce. Here, we report for the first time the whole genome sequence of Curvularia eragrostidis C52 that strongly degraded silica-based glasses coated with fluorine and hafnium, as expressed by the hyphal surface coverage of 46.16 ± 3.3% and reduced light transmission of 50.93 ± 1.45%. The genome of C. eragrostidis C52 is 36.9 Mb long with a GC content of 52.1% and contains 14,913 protein-coding genes, which is the largest genome ever recorded in the genus Curvularia . Phylogenomic analysis revealed C. eragrostidis C52 formed a distinct cluster with Curvularia sp. IFB-Z10 and was not evolved from compared genomes. Genome-wide comparison showed that strain C52 harbored significantly higher proportion of proteins involved in carbohydrate-active enzymes, peptidases, secreted proteins, and transcriptional factors, which may be potentially attributed to a lifestyle adaptation. Furthermore, 72 genes involved in the biosynthesis of 6 different organic acids were identified and expected to be crucial for the fungal survival in the glass environment. To form biofilm against stress, the fungal strain utilized 32 genes responsible for exopolysaccharide production. These findings will foster a better understanding of the biology of C. eragrostidis and the mechanisms behind fungal biodeterioration in the future.