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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Simple adaptive median filter for the removal of impulse noise from highly corrupted images
    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ; 2008
    In:  IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics Vol. 54, No. 4 ( 2008-11), p. 1920-1927
    Details
    In: IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Vol. 54, No. 4 ( 2008-11), p. 1920-1927
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0098-3063 , 1558-4127
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1109/TCE.30
    DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2008.4711254
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2035650-X
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  • 2
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    Supplemental Information 5: MNIST.
    PeerJ ; 2022
    In:  PeerJ Computer Science Vol. 8 ( 2022-09-20), p. e1101-
    Details
    In: PeerJ Computer Science, PeerJ, Vol. 8 ( 2022-09-20), p. e1101-
    Abstract: The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an interactive network providing intelligent traffic management, intelligent dynamic information service, and intelligent vehicle control to running vehicles. One of the main problems in the IoV is the reluctance of vehicles to share local data resulting in the cloud server not being able to acquire a sufficient amount of data to build accurate machine learning (ML) models. In addition, communication efficiency and ML model accuracy in the IoV are affected by noise data caused by violent shaking and obscuration of in-vehicle cameras. Therefore we propose a new Outlier Detection and Exponential Smoothing federated learning (OES-Fed) framework to overcome these problems. More specifically, we filter the noise data of the local ML model in the IoV from the current perspective and historical perspective. The noise data filtering is implemented by combining data outlier, K-means, Kalman filter and exponential smoothing algorithms. The experimental results of the three datasets show that the OES-Fed framework proposed in this article achieved higher accuracy, lower loss, and better area under the curve (AUC). The OES-Fed framework we propose can better filter noise data, providing an important domain reference for starting field of federated learning in the IoV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2376-5992
    URL: Article
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    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-2
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-3
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-4
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-5
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-6
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-7
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-8
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-9
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/fig-10
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-2
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-3
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-4
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-7
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-8
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-5
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/table-6
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/supp-1
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/supp-2
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/supp-3
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/supp-4
    DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1101/supp-5
    Language: English
    Publisher: PeerJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2868384-5
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  • 3
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    Interactive Blood Vessel Segmentation from Retinal Fundus Image Based on Canny Edge Detector
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sensors Vol. 21, No. 19 ( 2021-09-24), p. 6380-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 21, No. 19 ( 2021-09-24), p. 6380-
    Abstract: Optometrists, ophthalmologists, orthoptists, and other trained medical professionals use fundus photography to monitor the progression of certain eye conditions or diseases. Segmentation of the vessel tree is an essential process of retinal analysis. In this paper, an interactive blood vessel segmentation from retinal fundus image based on Canny edge detection is proposed. Semi-automated segmentation of specific vessels can be done by simply moving the cursor across a particular vessel. The pre-processing stage includes the green color channel extraction, applying Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), and retinal outline removal. After that, the edge detection techniques, which are based on the Canny algorithm, will be applied. The vessels will be selected interactively on the developed graphical user interface (GUI). The program will draw out the vessel edges. After that, those vessel edges will be segmented to bring focus on its details or detect the abnormal vessel. This proposed approach is useful because different edge detection parameter settings can be applied to the same image to highlight particular vessels for analysis or presentation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s21196380
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 4
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    Systematic Review of Education Sustainable Development in Higher Education Institutions
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 20 ( 2022-10-14), p. 13241-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 20 ( 2022-10-14), p. 13241-
    Abstract: It is vital to enforce the distinguished assimilation of sustainability entities in higher education (HE) and establish an academia-wide collective curriculum on sustainability in an efficient manner, in order to disseminate and stimulate thoughts with forthcoming generations. The remit of this paper is to document the available literature and map the research landscape into a coherent taxonomy. This research adds to the available literature; moreover, it could also aid in the community comprehension of education in sustainable development (ESD) implementation and/or integration into higher education institutions (HEIs). We perform an attentive search in relation to education sustainable development (ESD) in three relevant electronic databases, namely, Web of Science (WoS), ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore. The result of the review is a taxonomy that includes 148 articles published between early 2014 and mid-2019 that were then categorized into six classes, namely, the accomplishment of SD, awareness and commitment, evaluation and commentary, structural transformation, course coordination and university management. Additionally, we acknowledge varied involvement from different levels of communities supporting and promoting education to achieve sustainable development (SD).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su142013241
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 5
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    Understanding and Opinion on Sustainable Development Among Youths in Higher Educational Institutions in Penang, Malaysia
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Social Indicators Research Vol. 147, No. 2 ( 2020-01), p. 421-437
    Details
    In: Social Indicators Research, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 147, No. 2 ( 2020-01), p. 421-437
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0303-8300 , 1573-0921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-019-02165-1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018687-3
    SSG: 3,4
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  • 6
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    A Hybrid of Fully Informed Particle Swarm and Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution for Global Optimization
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Applied Sciences Vol. 12, No. 22 ( 2022-11-09), p. 11367-
    Details
    In: Applied Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 22 ( 2022-11-09), p. 11367-
    Abstract: Evolutionary computation algorithms (EC) and swarm intelligence have been widely used to solve global optimization problems. The optimal solution for an optimization problem is called by different terms in EC and swarm intelligence. It is called individual in EC and particle in swarm intelligence. Self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE) is one of the promising variants of EC for solving global optimization problems. Adapting self-manipulating parameter values into SaDE can overcome the burden of choosing suitable parameter values to create the next best generation’s individuals to achieve optimal convergence. In this paper, a fully informed particle swarm (FIPS) is hybridized with SaDE to enhance SaDE’s exploitation capability while maintaining its exploration power so that it is not trapped in stagnation. The proposed hybrid is called FIPSaDE. FIPS, a variant of particle swarm optimization (PSO), aims to help solutions jump out of stagnation by gathering knowledge about its neighborhood’s solutions. Each solution in the FIPS swarm is influenced by a group of solutions in its neighborhood, rather than by the best position it has visited. Indirectly, FIPS increases the diversity of the swarm. The proposed algorithm is tested on benchmark test functions from “CEC 2005 Special Session on Real-Parameter Optimization” with various properties. Experimental results show that the FIPSaDE is more effective and reasonably competent than its standalone variants, FIPS and SaDE, in solving the test functions, considering the solutions’ quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-3417
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/app122211367
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704225-X
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  • 7
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    Introducing MATLAB to Electronic Engineering Undergraduates through Three Weeks Laboratory Sessions
    International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE) ; 2014
    In:  International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2014-03-09), p. 10-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE), International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE), Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2014-03-09), p. 10-
    Abstract: Previously, our undergraduates in electronic engineering program had to explore and learn MATLAB from the beginning by their own, without direct guidance. Based on this, we decided to formally introduce MATLAB to them as a part of the syllabus in our Advance Laboratory course, in order to continuously improve our electronic engineering undergraduates. As we want to track the significance of the course, two surveys have been given to the students. One survey has been executed at the beginning of the laboratory, and another one has been carried out at the end of the laboratory session. The outcomes from these two surveys show that the designed syllabus successfully increases both skill and confident level of our students in solving complex engineering problem using MATLAB programming.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2626-8493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3991/ijoe.v10i2.3170
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2948215-X
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  • 8
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    Overview Discourse on Inherent Distinction of Multiobjective Optimization in Routing Heuristics for Multi-Depot Vehicle Instances
    BON VIEW PUBLISHING PTE ; 2023
    In:  Artificial Intelligence and Applications ( 2023)
    Details
    In: Artificial Intelligence and Applications, BON VIEW PUBLISHING PTE, ( 2023)
    Abstract: This paper reviews the research methodologies used in earlier years on the benefits and traits reflected by multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) instances and assesses the efficacy of various improvised techniques to improve the current recurrent problems in routing procedures. Management of logistics involves moving finished goods from depots to end-user clients. Routing and scheduling systems that are improved will be able to serve a more significant number of customers in a shorter amount of time while also increasing customer satisfaction. To thoroughly discuss the current state of MDVRP implementation in routing heuristics, an analysis of the selected approaches involving multi-depot task distribution under VRP incorporations is further extrapolated. These approaches address the most common routing issues involving constraints like cost optimality, time window impositions, and load capacity flexibility. Recent research focuses on the advantages, proficiency, problem magnitude and adaptability in MDVRP. The MDVRP framework can still be significantly improved by reducing routing costs with efficient heuristics to generate optimized solutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2811-0854
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.47852/bonviewAIA3202806
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: BON VIEW PUBLISHING PTE
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 9
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    Sustainability practices at higher education institutions in Asia
    Emerald ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2022-07-26), p. 1250-1276
    Details
    In: International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Emerald, Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2022-07-26), p. 1250-1276
    Abstract: It is still unclear how Asian universities incorporate the theory or practice of sustainable development (SD) in their research and education programmes. To address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to report on a study that has examined how universities in Asian countries handle and address matters related to SD. Design/methodology/approach The study used a bibliometric analysis and an online survey-method. The online survey data were analysed through descriptive analysis and one-sample student’s t -test. Findings The study indicates that there is considerable variation among the Asian countries regarding sustainability practices in higher education institutions (HEIs). The HEIs in far eastern countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand are perceived to demonstrate more sustainability practices. Research limitations/implications Even though a substantial number of participants participated in the survey, it did not cover all Asian countries. The online survey was carried out over a limited period of time, and not all HEIs in the field may have received information about the study. Practical implications Asia is the largest continent facing a number of sustainability challenges. In this context, the contribution of HEIs is very important. The findings of the current study may serve as a baseline for Asian HEIs to take more initiatives towards SD goals, as HEIs are responsible for the education and training of hundreds of thousands of students who will be occupying key positions in industry, government or education in the coming years. Originality/value The study contributes to the existing literature in two distinct ways. First, it was possible to develop a comprehensive instrument to measure sustainability practices in HEIs. Second, this study has filled the gap of the scarcity of studies regarding sustainability practices in HEIs in Asia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-6370 , 1467-6370
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1108/IJSHE-06-2021-0244
    Language: English
    Publisher: Emerald
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2024930-5
    SSG: 3,2
    SSG: 24,2
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  • 10
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    A Federated Learning Framework Based on Incremental Weighting and Diversity Selection for Internet of Vehicles
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Electronics Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2022-11-09), p. 3668-
    Details
    In: Electronics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 22 ( 2022-11-09), p. 3668-
    Abstract: With the rapid increase of data, centralized machine learning can no longer meet the application requirements of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). On the one hand, both car owners and regulators pay more attention to data privacy and are unwilling to share data, which forms the isolated data island challenge. On the other hand, the incremental data generated in IoV are massive and diverse. All these issues have brought challenges of data increment and data diversity. The current common federated learning or incremental learning frameworks cannot effectively integrate incremental data with existing machine learning (ML) models. Therefore, this paper proposes a Federated Learning Framework Based on Incremental Weighting and Diversity Selection for IoV (Fed-IW & DS). In Fed-IW & DS, a vehicle diversity selection algorithm was proposed, which uses a variety of performance indicators to calculate diversity scores, effectively reducing homogeneous computing. Also, it proposes a vehicle federated incremental algorithm that uses an improved arctangent curve as the decay function, to realize the rapid fusion of incremental data with existing ML models. Moreover, we have carried out several sets of experiments to test the validity of the proposed Fed-IW & DS framework’s performance. The experimental results show that, under the same global communication round and similar computing time, the Fed-IW & DS framework has significantly improved performance in all aspects compared to the frameworks FED-AVG, FED-SGD, FED-prox & the decay functions linear, square curve and arc tangent. Specifically, the Fed-IW & DS framework improves the Acc (accuracy), loss (loss), and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) by approximately 32%, 83%, and 66%, respectively. This result shows that Fed-IW & DS is a more reliable solution than the common frameworks of federated learning, and it can effectively deal with the dynamic incremental data in the IoV scenario. Our findings should make a significant contribution to the field of federated learning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/electronics11223668
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662127-7
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